Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/319,820

REFRESH COMMAND MANAGEMENT

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
May 13, 2021
Examiner
DARE, RYAN A
Art Unit
2132
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Micron Technology, Inc.
OA Round
11 (Non-Final)
75%
Grant Probability
Favorable
11-12
OA Rounds
3y 8m
To Grant
86%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 75% — above average
75%
Career Allow Rate
421 granted / 558 resolved
+20.4% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+10.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 8m
Avg Prosecution
46 currently pending
Career history
604
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
6.9%
-33.1% vs TC avg
§103
48.5%
+8.5% vs TC avg
§102
29.1%
-10.9% vs TC avg
§112
10.5%
-29.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 558 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claim(s) 2-15, 17-20 and 25-26 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kambegawa, US PGPub 2016/0125921, in view of Choi et al. US PG Pub 2018/0197599, further in view of Wolford, et al., US PGPub 2007/0047378. With respect to claim 2, Kambegawa teaches a method at a memory device, comprising: periodically updating, by the memory device, a mode register of the memory device with an indication of a refresh rate for the memory device based at least in part on measuring, at the memory device, a temperature of the memory device (par. 75, the temperature is measured with temperature sensor 309. As shown in fig. 6 and described in par. 55, the temperature sensor 309 is at the memory device, and measures the internal temperature of the memory. Par. 83 and fig. 10 show that the operation of updating and storing the refresh rate in steps S1008 and S1009 occur after a period of elapsed time in step S1002. As disclosed in par. 52, the refresh rate is stored in the auto refresh rate register, the mode register of the claim); outputting, from the memory device, the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device from the mode register based at least in part on the periodically updating the mode register (par. 92, the auto-refresh rates are output and stored on the HDD 105); receiving, at the memory device based at least in part on outputting the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device, a command for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for a memory array of the memory device (par. 92, the auto-refresh commands are dispatched based on the auto-refresh rates), Kambegawa fails to teach wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array. Choi teaches: receiving, at the memory device, a command for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for a memory array of the memory device, wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array (pars. 74-75, where the command is the refresh command mREF_CMD, the first refresh event is refreshing the row at the first REF_ADDR, and the second refresh event is the next sequential row address according to the refresh address generator counting operation); and performing, at the memory device, at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events in response to the command (par. 71, the refresh command is performed with some refresh commands skipped). Kambegawa appears to disclose that the mode register containing the temperature and refresh rate is stored local to the controller and therefore is not output from the mode register of the memory device to the controller of the memory device. Choi also appears to not disclose this feature. Wolford teaches: outputting, from the mode register (par. 24, status register 16) of the memory device to a controller of the memory device (par. 24, controller 12), the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device (par. 24, temperature-dependent refresh timing information, such as periodic refresh cycle timing), and an indication of the temperature of the memory device based at least in part on periodically updating the mode register (par. 24, quantized temperature measurements). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa and Choi before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa with the memory device of Choi, in order to reduce power consumption of a refresh operation by performing the refresh operation differently based on temperature, as taught by Choi in par. 3. Further, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa and Choi with the memory device of Wolford, as having mode and configuration setting registers accessible to the memory controller extends memory module functionality, as taught by Wolford in par. 7. With respect to claim 3, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, wherein performing the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises: skipping or postponing one or more refresh events included in the set of refresh events (pars. 65-68, where some of the refresh events are skipped, depending on temperature). With respect to claim 4, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, wherein each refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises a refresh of one or more rows of memory cells within the memory array of the memory device (pars. 75-76, which discloses the row refreshes as a result of the mREF_CMD, where row refreshing occurs regardless of skip ratio). With respect to claim 5, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, further comprising determining a quantity of refresh events within the set of refresh events to skip based at least in part on the temperature of the memory device (par. 90, where the command skip ratio is determined the temperature data). With respect to claim 6, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, further comprising determining a quantity of refresh events within the set of refresh events to postpone based at least in part on the temperature of the memory device (pars. 65-68 teach setting skip ratio based on temperature, and par. 73, which discloses skipping a certain number of refresh commands, which corresponds to the postponing of a refresh of the claim). With respect to claim 7, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, further comprising: determining that temperature of the memory device is within a temperature range of a plurality of temperature ranges, wherein the indication of the refresh rate is based at least in part on the temperature range (pars. 65-68, where the temperature sections correspond to the temperate ranges of the claim). With respect to claim 8, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, wherein: the memory device comprises a first die, the first die and a second die coupled with a command bus (pars. 30-31 and the associated fig. 2, the first and second dies corresponding to the banks of memory, and the command address signal corresponding to the command bus); the command is received by the first die and the second die via the command bus (pars. 30-31); the temperature of the memory array comprises a temperature of the first die (par. 35, the temperature sensor detects the internal temperature of the memory); and performing the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises performing a different quantity of refresh events at the first die than at the second die in response to the command based at least in part on the temperature of the first die (par. 38, different refresh rates are used for different memory devices). With respect to claim 9, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, wherein: the memory device comprises a first die, the first die and a second die coupled with a command bus (pars. 30-31 and the associated fig. 2, the first and second dies corresponding to the banks of memory, and the command address signal corresponding to the command bus); the command is received by the first die and the second die via the command bus (pars. 30-31); the temperature of the memory device comprises a temperature of the first die (par. 35, the temperature sensor detects the internal temperature of the memory); and performing the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises performing one or more refresh events at the first die in accordance with a different timing than a second set of refresh events performed at the second die based at least in part on the temperature of the first die (par. 38, different refresh rates are used for different memory devices). With respect to claim 10, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving, at the memory device, a second command for a second refresh operation associated with a second set of refresh events (par. 173, where there are more than 1 skip ratio); determining a third set of refresh events based at least in part on a second temperature of the memory device, the third set of refresh events different than the second set of refresh events (par. 173, where there are more than two skip ratios); and performing the third set of refresh events in response to the second command (par. 173). With respect to claim 11, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the method of claim 10, wherein: performing the third set of refresh events comprises skipping or postponing a quantity of one or more refresh events included in the second set of refresh events (pars. 65-68 teach setting skip ratio based on temperature, and where the command skip ratio is determined the temperature data). With respect to claim 12, Kambegawa teaches a memory device, comprising: one or more memory arrays (par. 55 and fig. 6, the SDRAM array); a temperature component configured to measure a temperature of a memory device (par. 55, the temperature sensors); a mode register configured to be periodically updated with an indication of a refresh rate for the memory device based at least in part on the measured temperature of the memory device and configured to: output the indication of the refresh rate of the memory device from the memory device based at least in part on being periodically updated (par. 75, the temperature is measured with temperature sensor 309. As shown in fig. 6 and described in par. 55, the temperature sensor 309 is at the memory device, and measures the internal temperature of the memory. Par. 83 and fig. 10 show that the operation of updating and storing the refresh rate in steps S1008 and S1009 occur after a period of elapsed time in step S1002. As disclosed in par. 52, the refresh rate is stored in the auto refresh rate register, the mode register of the claim); a command decoder configured to decode, based at least in part on the indication of the refresh rate, a command received at the memory device for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for a memory array of the one or more memory arrays (par. 92, the auto-refresh commands are dispatched based on the auto-refresh rates stored in the auto refresh rate register), Kambegawa fails to teach wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array. Choi teaches a command decoder configured to decode a command for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for a memory array of the one or more memory arrays, wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array (par. 54, which discloses the command decoder for refresh events, and pars. 74-75, where the command is the refresh command mREF_CMD, the first refresh event is refreshing the row at the first REF_ADDR, and the second refresh event is the next sequential row address according to the refresh address generator counting operation); a refresh control component configured to perform the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events in response to the command (par. 71, the refresh command is performed with some refresh commands skipped). Kambegawa appears to disclose that the mode register containing the temperature and refresh rate is stored local to the controller and therefore is not output from the memory device to the controller of the memory device. Choi also appears to not disclose this feature. Wolford teaches: output, from the memory device (par. 24, memory module 10, containing status register 16) to a controller of the memory device (par. 24, controller 12), the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device (par. 24, temperature-dependent refresh timing information, such as periodic refresh cycle timing) and the temperature of the memory device based at least in part on being periodically updated (par. 24, quantized temperature measurements). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa and Choi before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa with the memory device of Choi, in order to reduce power consumption of a refresh operation by performing the refresh operation differently based on temperature, as taught by Choi in par. 3. Further, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa and Choi with the memory device of Wolford, as having mode and configuration setting registers accessible to the memory controller extends memory module functionality, as taught by Wolford in par. 7. With respect to claim 13, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 12, wherein, to perform the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events, the refresh control component is configured to skip or postpone one or more refresh events included in the set of refresh events (pars. 65-68, where some of the refresh events are skipped, depending on temperature). With respect to claim 14, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 12, wherein each refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises a refresh of one or more rows of memory cells within the memory array (pars. 75-76, which discloses the row refreshes as a result of the mREF_CMD, where row refreshing occurs regardless of skip ratio). With respect to claim 15, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 12, further comprising: a refresh logic component configured to determine a quantity of refresh events within the set of refresh events to skip based at least in part on the temperature of the memory array (par. 90, where the command skip ratio is determined based on the temperature data). With respect to claim 17, Kambegawa teaches a memory device, comprising: one or more memory arrays (par. 55 and fig. 6, the SDRAM array) and one or more controllers coupled with the one or more memory arrays (par. 92, memory controllers) and configured to cause the memory device to: periodically update, by the memory device, a mode register of the memory device with an indication of a refresh rate for the memory device based at least in part on measuring, at the memory device, a temperature of the memory device (par. 75, the temperature is measured with temperature sensor 309. As shown in fig. 6 and described in par. 55, the temperature sensor 309 is at the memory device, and measures the internal temperature of the memory. Par. 83 and fig. 10 show that the operation of updating and storing the refresh rate in steps S1008 and S1009 occur after a period of elapsed time in step S1002. As disclosed in par. 52, the refresh rate is stored in the auto refresh rate register, the mode register of the claim); output, from the memory device, the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device from the mode register based at least in part on periodically updating the mode register (par. 92, the auto-refresh rates are output and stored on the HDD 105); receive, at the memory device, based at least in part on outputting the indication of the refresh rate of the memory device, a command for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for at a memory array of the one or more memory arrays (par. 92, the auto-refresh commands are dispatched based on the auto-refresh rates); Kambegawa fails to teach wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array. Choi teaches: receive, at the memory device, a command for a refresh operation associated with a set of refresh events for at a memory array of the one or more memory arrays, wherein a first refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a first row of memory cells of the memory array and a second refresh event of the set of refresh events is configured to refresh a second row of memory cells of the memory array (pars. 74-75, where the command is the refresh command mREF_CMD, the first refresh event is refreshing the row at the first REF_ADDR, and the second refresh event is the next sequential row address according to the refresh address generator counting operation); perform, at the memory device, the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events in response to the command (par. 71, the refresh command is performed with some refresh commands skipped). Kambegawa appears to disclose that the mode register containing the temperature and refresh rate is stored local to the controller and therefore is not output from the memory device to the controller of the memory device. Choi also appears to not disclose this feature. Wolford teaches: output, from the mode register (par. 24, status register 16) of the memory device to a controller of the memory device (par. 24, controller 12), the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device (par. 24, temperature-dependent refresh timing information, such as periodic refresh cycle timing) and the temperature of the memory device register (par. 24, quantized temperature measurements). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa and Choi before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa with the memory device of Choi, in order to reduce power consumption of a refresh operation by performing the refresh operation differently based on temperature, as taught by Choi in par. 3. Further, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art, having the teachings of Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford before him before the earliest effective filing date, to modify the memory device of Kambegawa and Choi with the memory device of Wolford, as having mode and configuration setting registers accessible to the memory controller extends memory module functionality, as taught by Wolford in par. 7. With respect to claim 18, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 17, wherein, to perform the at least one refresh event of the set of refresh events, the one or more controllers are configured to cause the memory device to: skip or postpone one or more refresh events included in the set of refresh events (pars. 65-68, where some of the refresh events are skipped, depending on temperature). With respect to claim 19, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 17 wherein each refresh event of the set of refresh events comprises a refresh of one or more rows of memory cells within the memory array (pars. 75-76, which discloses the row refreshes as a result of the mREF_CMD, where row refreshing occurs regardless of skip ratio). With respect to claim 20, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Choi further teaches the memory device of claim 17, wherein the one or more controllers are further configured to cause the memory device to: determine a quantity of refresh events within the set of refresh events to skip based at least in part on the temperature of the memory device (par. 90, where the command skip ratio is determined the temperature data). With respect to claim 25, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Kambegawa further teaches the method of claim 2, further comprising: periodically measuring, as the memory device, the temperature of the memory device (par. 73 and fig. 11, the temperature measurement in step S1108 occurs after a time period elapsed in step S1106. As shown in fig. 6 and described in par. 55, the temperature sensor 309 is at the memory device, and measures the internal temperature of the memory.). With respect to claim 26, Kambegawa, Choi and Wolford teach the limitations of the parent claim. Kambegawa further teaches the method of claim 2, wherein outputting the indication of the refresh rate comprises: periodically outputting, from the memory device, the indication of the refresh rate from the mode register based at least in part on periodically updating the mode register (Par. 83 and fig. 10, the operation of updating and storing the refresh rate in steps S1008 and S1009 occur after a period of elapsed time in step S1002. As disclosed in par. 52, the refresh rate is stored in the auto refresh rate register, the mode register of the claim. The outputting described in par. 92 occurs after the periodic updating). Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 11/17/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicants arguments, on pages 7-8, are directed towards the cited Kambegawa, Choi and Walker references failing to teach “outputting, from the mode register of the memory device to a controller of the memory device, the indication of the refresh rate for the memory device and an indication of the temperature of the memory device based at least in part on periodically updating the mode register,” as claimed in independent claim 2, and similarly in independent claims 12 and 17. These arguments are moot, as the new Wolford reference has been supplied to teach this amended limitation, and the Walker reference is no longer being relied upon. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RYAN DARE whose telephone number is (571)272-4069. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 9:00-5:00. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Hosain Alam can be reached at 571-272-3978. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /RYAN DARE/Examiner, Art Unit 2132
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 13, 2021
Application Filed
Aug 11, 2022
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Nov 15, 2022
Response Filed
Dec 16, 2022
Final Rejection — §103
Feb 14, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 06, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 16, 2023
Request for Continued Examination
Mar 21, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Apr 20, 2023
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jul 18, 2023
Response Filed
Oct 31, 2023
Final Rejection — §103
Jan 03, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 26, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 02, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 08, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 23, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
May 28, 2024
Response Filed
Jun 13, 2024
Final Rejection — §103
Aug 08, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 30, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Sep 12, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Sep 17, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Sep 26, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Dec 11, 2024
Response Filed
Apr 04, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
May 29, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Jun 04, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Jun 10, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jun 11, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Sep 03, 2025
Response Filed
Sep 23, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Nov 03, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Nov 17, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 12, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 20, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 23, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12566574
MEMORY SYSTEM MANAGING CACHE IN HOST MEMORY
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 03, 2026
Patent 12259812
CENTER ALLOCATION DATA STRUCTURE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 25, 2025
Patent 12259823
Virtual Memory Management Method and Apparatus Supporting Physical Addresses Larger Than Virtual Addresses
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 25, 2025
Patent 12248680
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS ON STORAGE DEVICES IN PLACE OF DRIVE-BASED MAINTENANCE ROUTINES
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 11, 2025
Patent 12222814
VALUE-DRIVEN PRIORITIZATION OF BACKUPS THROUGH TIME-LIMITED AIRGAP
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 11, 2025
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

11-12
Expected OA Rounds
75%
Grant Probability
86%
With Interview (+10.8%)
3y 8m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 558 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month