Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/439,921

EXPRESSION CONSTRUCTS FOR THE GENETIC MODIFICATION OF CELLS

Final Rejection §112
Filed
Sep 16, 2021
Examiner
BURKHART, MICHAEL D
Art Unit
1638
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
OA Round
2 (Final)
62%
Grant Probability
Moderate
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 3m
To Grant
72%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 62% of resolved cases
62%
Career Allow Rate
507 granted / 811 resolved
+2.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +10% lift
Without
With
+9.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 3m
Avg Prosecution
45 currently pending
Career history
856
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.8%
-36.2% vs TC avg
§103
27.5%
-12.5% vs TC avg
§102
21.0%
-19.0% vs TC avg
§112
25.2%
-14.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 811 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Receipt and entry of the response dated 11/17/2025 is acknowledged. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112(a): (a) IN GENERAL.—The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor or joint inventor of carrying out the invention. The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112: The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention. Claims 1, 4-6, 8, 12, 16-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), first paragraph, as failing to comply with the written description requirement. The claim(s) contains subject matter which was not described in the specification in such a way as to reasonably convey to one skilled in the relevant art that the inventor or a joint inventor, or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the inventor(s), at the time the application was filed, had possession of the claimed invention. This rejection is maintained for reasons made of record in the Office Action dated 6/18/2025 and for reasons set forth below. Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 11/17/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicants essentially assert that: 1) the claims have been amended to recite the construct comprises integration signals; 2) the claims have been amended to recite a specific S/MAR element by a SEQ ID NO: and length, and the figures and examples provide the use of such in an expression vector. Regarding 1), it is stipulated that specific integration signals, including those found in the instant specification, were known and characterized in the relevant prior art. However, this rejection is based on the combination of such signals with a generic S/MAR element in order to provide integration and increased expression as required by the claims. Regarding 2), as best understood the claimed S/MAR element need only comprise 12 specific nucleotides in an element ranging from 100 to 200 residues; that is, SEQ ID NO: 1 is “ATTA” and only three such four-residue repeats need be present in the S/MAR element. The remaining 88-188 nucleotides can be any nucleotide. To put the situation in perspective, the number of possible nucleotide sequences of 88 residues in length is 488 (approx. 1052). Thus, even a simple analysis of the claimed SEQ ID NO: 1 repeat held to a consecutive repeat, “ATTAATTAATTA”, would represent a claimed genus including 1052 possible S/MAR elements. Although the specification discusses in generic, prophetic terms that the claimed S/MAR element need only comprise three repeats of SEQ ID NO: 1, it does not reduce any such specific sequence to practice, let alone a reasonable number of species to provide support for the claimed genus. The working examples and figures are of no help in this instance because these do not disclose the specific S/MAR element used in the working examples or figures, thus, it cannot be determined what the exact sequence of the functional S/MAR element might be. For example, it cannot even be determined if the functional S/MAR falls within the claimed genus of elements comprising the three repeats of SEQ ID NO: 1. Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Michael Burkhart whose telephone number is (571)272-2915. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 8-5. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Tracy Vivlemore can be reached at 571 272-2914. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MICHAEL D BURKHART/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1638
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 16, 2021
Application Filed
Jun 14, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §112
Nov 17, 2025
Response Filed
Mar 07, 2026
Final Rejection — §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
62%
Grant Probability
72%
With Interview (+9.9%)
3y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 811 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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