Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/513,499

DYNAMIC STOPPER/S IN AN ELEVATOR CAR

Non-Final OA §102§103§112
Filed
Oct 28, 2021
Examiner
MUDWILDER, MICHELLE MARIE PETERS
Art Unit
3654
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Otis Elevator Company
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
69%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 69% — above average
69%
Career Allow Rate
103 granted / 149 resolved
+17.1% vs TC avg
Strong +32% interview lift
Without
With
+31.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
22 currently pending
Career history
171
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
45.5%
+5.5% vs TC avg
§102
30.8%
-9.2% vs TC avg
§112
23.0%
-17.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 149 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . This is the first action on the merits of application 17/513,499. Claims 1-20 are currently pending. Claim Objections Claim 18 is objected to because of the following informalities: claim 18 ends in a comma rather than a period. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 16 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 16 recites the limitation "the one or more components" in line 2 and again in line 3. There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-3, 7-8, and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by JP H11199162 A (Okada, Applicant’s cited prior art). Regarding claim 1, Okada discloses: An elevator system comprising: an elevator car (figure 1a) comprising: one or more doors (2, 4); a platform (5) for accommodating at least one trolley (wheelchair); one or more control panels (9); and one or more dynamic stoppers (6) installed on the platform and configured to operate in a first position (lowered) and a second position (raised); and one or more actuators coupled to the one or more dynamic stoppers (actuators not shown, page 4, last paragraph discusses each stopper being “automatically projected” based on a wheelchair being sensed, an actuator is required to initiate automatic movement), respectively and configured to switch the one or more dynamic stoppers from the first position to the second position when a command is provided from the one or more control panels. Regarding claim 2, Okada further discloses: wherein the one or more doors comprise a front door (2) and a rear door (4) of the elevator car, and wherein the one or more control panels comprise a first control panel (9 near door 2) located near to the front door and a second control panel (9 near door 4) located near to the rear door. Regarding claim 3, Okada further discloses: wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers comprise a front-end stopper (FES) (6a) installed near the front door and a rear-end stopper (RES) (6b) installed near the rear door of the elevator car. Regarding claim 7, Okada further discloses: wherein the first position corresponds to a position of the one or more dynamic stoppers grounded along the platform (page 4, paragraph 9, lines 3-4, “in the normal state, the stopper 6 is stored in the lower part of the floor 5 and the floor 5 is flat”) and the second position corresponds to a position of the one or more dynamic stoppers elevated from the platform (figure 1b). Regarding claim 8, Okada further discloses: wherein in the second position, the one or more dynamic stoppers are elevated at a predetermined angle with respect to the platform (approximate 45 degree angle as shown in figure 1b is predetermined) based on a diameter of a roller (7) of the at least one trolley (the stoppers are designed to prevent movement of a wheelchair wheel in a known diameter range). Regarding claim 20, Okada discloses: A method comprising: receiving a command at one or more control panels (9) to switch one or more dynamic stoppers (6a, 6b) from a first position (lowered) to a second position (raised), wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers are installed on a platform (5) of an elevator car (figure 1a), the elevator car comprises one or more doors (2, 4), and the one or more control panels is installed in the elevator car (figure 1a); switching the one or more dynamic stoppers from the first position to the second position using one or more actuators coupled to the one or more dynamic stoppers, respectively (actuators not shown, page 4, last paragraph discusses each stopper being “automatically projected” based on a wheelchair being sensed, an actuator is required to initiate automatic movement). Claims 1, 14-15 and 17-19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by JP H0867466 A (Nishizawa). Regarding claim 1, Nishizawa discloses: An elevator system comprising: an elevator car (1) comprising: one or more doors (3a, 3b); a platform (5) for accommodating at least one trolley; one or more control panels (“remote controller”, page 7, line 9 of the attached machine translation); and one or more dynamic stoppers (2a, 2b) installed on the platform and configured to operate in a first position (lowered position, not shown) and a second position (figure 1); and one or more actuators (“front elevation drive motor” and “rear elevation drive motor” not shown, page 5, lines 19-20) coupled to the one or more dynamic stoppers (front and rear motors coupled to 2a and 2b, respectively), respectively and configured to switch the one or more dynamic stoppers from the first position to the second position when a command is provided from the one or more control panels. Regarding claim 14, Nishizawa further discloses: wherein each of the one or more actuators is connected with one or more components (the elevation motors are connected to the control components 11, 12, 13 as shown in the diagram of figure 3) and the one or more components is connected with each of the one or more control panels (control components 11, 12, 13 are connected to the remote controller through control unit 12, “The operation control unit 12 outputs a door open signal while receiving a wheel detection signal from the wheel detection sensor 4a, even if a call for a certain floor is registered or the prescribed door opening time is exceeded.” Page 6, paragraph 7, lines 1-3 of the attached machine translation, and “when registering a car call or performing a door opening/closing operation with the remote controller.” Page 7, paragraph 2, lines 5-6. The control unit 12 receives car calls from the remote controller and determines whether to respond based on inputs from 11.). Regarding claim 15, Nishizawa further discloses: wherein each of the one or more control panels (remote controller) communicates the command to the one or more components (car calls from the remote controller are relayed to control unit 12, see above) when a command (“car call” page 7, paragraph 2, line 6) is provided at the one or more control panels and the one or more components communicates the command to the one or more actuators (page 5, paragraph 6, lines 6-7, “the electric stoppers 2a and 2b are configured to descend or rise in conjunction with opening and closing of the front car door 3a and the rear car door 3b.” and page 6, paragraph 6, lines 3-5, “When the operation control unit 12 receives the OFF signal from the wheel detection sensor 4a, it outputs a door close command after a predetermined time, for example, the time required to stop the vehicle, closes the front car door 3a, and closes the door. In conjunction with this, the front electric stopper 2a is raised.”). Regarding claim 17, Nishizawa further discloses: wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers operating in the first position (lowered) do not restrict the movement of the at least one trolley (see, for example, figures 10b and 10d), wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers operating in the second position restrict the movement of the at least one trolley (figure 10c). Regarding claim 18, Nishizawa further discloses: wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers (2a, 2b) automatically switch from the first position to the second position based on inputs (“wheel detection signals” page 6, lines 3-4) from one or more sensors (4a, 4b) installed in the elevator car. Regarding claim 19, Nishizawa further discloses: wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers automatically switch from the second position to the first position based on a door opening signal when the elevator car reaches a destination floor (in the automatic mode described on page 2, paragraph 10 through page 3, paragraph 3 and shown in figure 10 each stopper 63, 64 lowers from the raised second position to the lowered first position when a door opening signal is received for the respective door associated with the stopper). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 9 and 11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP H11199162 A (Okada, Applicant’s cited prior art) in view of JP H0867466 A (Nishizawa). Regarding claim 9, Okada teaches: The elevator system of claim 3. Okada does not teach: wherein the front-end stopper operates in the second position and the rear-end stopper operates in the first position when the at least one trolley enters from the rear door, and wherein the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper operate in the first position when the at least one trolley exits from the front door. However, Nishizawa teaches: An elevator system with front-end and rear-end stoppers (63, 64), and wherein the front-end stopper (63) operates in the second position and the rear-end stopper (64) operates in the first position when the at least one trolley enters from the rear door (figure 10d), and wherein the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper operate in the first position when the at least one trolley exits from the front door (with both front and rear doors 52, 53 open the car or trolley can exit the front door and both stoppers are in the first, lowered position). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to operate the elevator system of Okada in the process taught by Nishizawa so that the front end stopper is raised and the rear end stopper is lowered with a trolley enters from the rear door to avoid damage to stop the trolley in the correct position and avoid damage to the front door while allowing the trolley to roll past the rear end stopper, and have both stoppers lowered when exiting to allow trolley movement and prevent damage to the stoppers. Nishizawa notes on page 1 of the attached machine translation, paragraph [0002], lines 1-2, “an electric stopper is provided on the floor of the elevator car to prevent the vehicle from overshooting in order to protect the elevator car door.” Each respective stopper is in the first or second position during trolley movement to allow the movement of the trolley while protecting the elevator car doors. Regarding claim 11, Okada teaches: The elevator system of claim 3. Okada does not teach: wherein the front-end stopper operates in the first position and the rear-end stopper operates in the second position when the at least one trolley enters from the front door, wherein the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper operate in the first position when the at least one trolley exits from the rear door. However, Nishizawa teaches: An elevator system with front-end and rear-end stoppers (63, 64), and wherein the front-end stopper (63) operates in the first position and the rear-end stopper (64) operates in the second position when the at least one trolley enters from the front door (figure 10b), wherein the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper operate in the first position when the at least one trolley exits from the rear door (with both front and rear doors 52, 53 open the car or trolley can exit the rear door and both stoppers are in the first, lowered position). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to operate the elevator system of Okada in the process taught by Nishizawa so that the rear end stopper is raised and the front end stopper is lowered when a trolley enters from the front door to avoid damage to stop the trolley in the correct position and avoid damage to the rear door while allowing the trolley to roll past the front end stopper. Nishizawa notes on page 1 of the attached machine translation, paragraph [0002], lines 1-2, “an electric stopper is provided on the floor of the elevator car to prevent the vehicle from overshooting in order to protect the elevator car door.” Each respective stopper is in the first or second position during trolley movement to allow the movement of the trolley while protecting the elevator car doors. Claims 4-6, and 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP H11199162 A (Okada, Applicant’s cited prior art) in view of JP 2009202996 A (Yano, Applicant’s cited prior art). Regarding claim 4, Okada teaches: The elevator system of claim 3. Okada is silent to the configuration of the actuators. However, Yano teaches: An elevator system with two stoppers (22, 32) with respective actuators (20, 30), and wherein the one or more actuators comprise a front-end actuator (electromagnetic actuator of 20) coupled to the front-end stopper and a rear-end actuator coupled to the rear-end stopper (electromagnetic actuator of 30), respectively. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for each stopper of Okada to have a respective actuator as taught by Yano to enable individual control of each stopper. The ability to control each stopper individually allows the front-end stopper to be lowered while the rear-end stopper is raised so a wheeled trolley or wheelchair can move into the space between the stoppers while being prevented from moving beyond the rear-end stopper. Yano notes on page 3, paragraph 5, lines 4-6, “it is possible to prevent the carriage from colliding with the landing door and the car door when the carriage gets on and off, and accompanying the deformation of the landing door and the car door, and the deformation of the guide shoe of each door A door opening/closing failure can be prevented.” Regarding claim 5, Yano further teaches: wherein the front-end actuator (electromagnetic actuator of 20) and the rear-end actuator (electromagnetic actuator of 30) operate in an expanded position to articulate the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper to the second position (coil spring 42 is in an expanded position to articulate 22 or 32 to the second, raised position as can be seen in figure 2, expansion of spring 42 raises 22). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the electromagnetic actuators of Yano in the elevator system of Okada with a reasonable expectation of success for the well-known benefits of energy efficiency and fast response times. Regarding claim 6, Yano further teaches: wherein the front-end actuator (electromagnetic actuator of 20) and the rear-end actuator (electromagnetic actuator of 30) operate in a retracted position to articulate the front-end stopper and the rear-end stopper to the first position (coil spring 42 is in a retracted position to articulate 22 or 32 to the first, lowered position as can be seen in figure 2, retraction of spring 42 lowers 22). Regarding claim 13, Yano further teaches: wherein each of the one or more actuators is coupled to an arm (arm, annotated figure 2) and the arm is installed on a flange (flange, annotated figure 2) connected to the platform (15). PNG media_image1.png 233 247 media_image1.png Greyscale Figure 2 of Yano, annotated by the Examiner Claims 10 and 12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP H11199162 A (Okada, Applicant’s cited prior art) in view of US 20170320705 A1 (Honda). Regarding claim 10, Okada teaches: The elevator system of claim 1, wherein the command from each of the one or more control panels (9) is provided by an operator, wherein the operator presses a button (“stopper projection button” abstract, lines 5-6) on the one or more control panels. Okada does not teach: inserting a physical key and the button being a key switch button. However, Honda teaches: An elevator control panel, and an operator inserting a physical key on the control panel (paragraph [0022], lines 8-10, “The evacuation guide turns a key to select “ON” with the key inserted in the key switch 9…”). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to require a physical key to operate the stoppers of Okada, as taught by Honda, to prevent accidental deployment of the stoppers. Untimely deployment of the stoppers could result in injury of passengers, providing physical keys only to select operators ensures the stopper projection button is not accidentally activated. Regarding claim 12, Okada and Honda further teach: wherein the one or more dynamic stoppers (6a, 6b, Okada) switch from the first position to the second position when the key switch button (9, Honda) is operated by the operator. Claim 16 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP H11199162 A (Okada, Applicant’s cited prior art) in view of JP 2009202996 A (Yano, Applicant’s cited prior art) as applied to claim 5 above, and further in view of JP H0867466 A (Nishizawa). Regarding claim 16, Okada and Yano teach: The elevator system of claim 5. Okada and Yano are silent to a command from one or more components that enable(s) the stoppers to operate in the second position. However, Nishizawa teaches: wherein the front-end actuator and the rear-end actuator operate in the expanded position (extended coil spring position of Yano) on receiving a command from the one or more components enabling the one or more dynamic stoppers to operate in the second position (the elevation motors are connected to control component 12 as shown in the diagram of figure 3, Nishizawa, page 6, paragraph 6, lines 3-5, “When the operation control unit 12 receives the OFF signal from the wheel detection sensor 4a, it outputs a door close command after a predetermined time, for example, the time required to stop the vehicle, closes the front car door 3a, and closes the door. In conjunction with this, the front electric stopper 2a is raised.”). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for the actuators of Okada and Yano to operate in the expanded position upon receiving a command from a control component as taught by Nishizawa in order to prevent damage to the elevator car doors. Nishizawa teaches a control unit 12 that receives a signal from a wheel detection sensor that indicates the wheel is in a proper position and subsequently sends a command to close the associated elevator car door and simultaneously raise the associated stopper. This procedure prevents not only damage to the trolley, but also damage to the door. Nishizawa notes on page 1 of the attached machine translation, paragraph [0002], lines 1-2, “an electric stopper is provided on the floor of the elevator car to prevent the vehicle from overshooting in order to protect the elevator car door.” Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. US-12515915-B2 is cited to show an elevator system with dynamic stoppers in the form of swinging doors. JP-S6251589-A is cited to show an elevator system with dynamic stoppers in the floor of the elevator car for a wheelchair user. JP-H0826631-A is cited to show an elevator system with a dynamic wall within the car. JP-2011136794-A is cited to show an elevator system with a movable horizontal platform to divide the car vertically. JP-H0952682-A is cited to show an elevator system with a moving partition within the elevator car. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MICHELLE M MUDWILDER whose telephone number is (571)272-6068. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 11:00 am - 7:30 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, VICTORIA AUGUSTINE can be reached at (313)446-4858. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /M.M.M./Examiner, Art Unit 3654 /ROBERT W HODGE/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 3654
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 28, 2021
Application Filed
Jan 23, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
69%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+31.5%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 149 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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