Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/527,649

Liquid-Crystal Medium

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Nov 16, 2021
Examiner
VISCONTI, GERALDINA
Art Unit
1737
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
OA Round
9 (Non-Final)
86%
Grant Probability
Favorable
9-10
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 86% — above average
86%
Career Allow Rate
1146 granted / 1325 resolved
+21.5% vs TC avg
Minimal +2% lift
Without
With
+1.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
36 currently pending
Career history
1361
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.8%
-38.2% vs TC avg
§103
23.9%
-16.1% vs TC avg
§102
23.9%
-16.1% vs TC avg
§112
32.2%
-7.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1325 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . This office action is responsive to the Request for Continued Examination, Amendment and Remarks filed 13 January 2026, wherein claim 21 was newly added. Subsequently, claims 1-10 and12-21 are pending and presently under consideration in this application. Response to Arguments Applicants have amended the base independent claim 1 as follows and argue that said amendment sufficiently distinguishes the liquid crystal medium of the present claims from that of the prior art of record: PNG media_image1.png 116 607 media_image1.png Greyscale . Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 13 January 2026 in response to the rejection of claims under 35 U.S.C. 103 over Hirschmann et al. (‘515) Hirschmann et al. and (2019/0390112), as respectively set forth in paragraphs 8 and 9 of the previous office action on the merits, said arguments to the effect that applicant’s amendment to the base independent claim 1 introducing a component (iii) comprising one or more compounds of formula III2-2, have been fully considered but they are not persuasive, and are moot since the new ground of rejection relies upon a secondary reference not applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. The Examiner notes that the compounds of the present formula III2-2 are well known in the liquid crystal art in and of themselves, as well as in combination with compounds of the present formulae IIB-2, IA, IB, and IC-1. In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-10 and 12-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being obvious over Hirschmann et al. (U.S. Patent No. 11,008,515) in view of Zhang et al. (Chinese Patent NO. CN 110922985 A; for applicant’s convenience the Examiner has included a machine translation thereof). Hirschmann et al. discloses a liquid crystal medium, the corresponding method of preparation thereof said liquid crystal medium, as well as the corresponding use thereof said liquid crystal medium in a liquid crystal display, characterized in that said liquid crystal medium comprises: a polymerizable component A) comprising one or more polymerizable compounds of the present formula M13, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image2.png 130 460 media_image2.png Greyscale (column 53, line 47), wherein Table D (beginning in column 125+) of Hirschmann et al. shows example compounds inclusive of those of the present formula M13 which can preferably be used as reactive mesogenic compounds in the LC media in accordance with the present invention: PNG media_image3.png 140 704 media_image3.png Greyscale PNG media_image4.png 148 710 media_image4.png Greyscale PNG media_image5.png 130 729 media_image5.png Greyscale PNG media_image6.png 137 727 media_image6.png Greyscale PNG media_image7.png 146 723 media_image7.png Greyscale , and a liquid-crystalline component B), comprising: at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present formula IIB-2 as represented therein by PNG media_image8.png 117 430 media_image8.png Greyscale (column 17, line 33), at least one dibenzothiophene compound inclusive of the dibenzothiophene compounds of the present general formula IA , as well as each of the more specific formulae IA-1, IA-2 and IA-6 as recited in claim 2, as represented therein by PNG media_image9.png 117 435 media_image9.png Greyscale (column 40, line 62), at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present general formula IB, as well as each of the more specific formulae IB-1/2, IB-3 and IB-4 as recited in claim 3, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image10.png 123 390 media_image10.png Greyscale PNG media_image11.png 369 396 media_image11.png Greyscale (column 44, line 15+), at least one compound of the present formula IC-1, as presented therein by PNG media_image12.png 72 292 media_image12.png Greyscale (column 33, line 40), at least one compound of the present formula IC-2, as presented therein by PNG media_image13.png 64 299 media_image13.png Greyscale (column 33, line 45), at least one compound of the present formula IC-5, as recited in claim 4, as presented therein by PNG media_image14.png 73 343 media_image14.png Greyscale (column 5, line 45), at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present general formula II as recited in claim 5, well as the more specific formulae IIA, IIB, and IIC as recited in claim 6, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image15.png 155 422 media_image15.png Greyscale (column 7, line 60) PNG media_image16.png 163 456 media_image16.png Greyscale PNG media_image17.png 136 430 media_image17.png Greyscale (column 8, line 40+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula IV, as recited in claim 7, as presented therein by PNG media_image18.png 87 430 media_image18.png Greyscale (column 29, line 55), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula V, as recited in claim 8, as well as the compound of the present formula IV-16 as recited in claim 9, as presented therein by PNG media_image19.png 79 422 media_image19.png Greyscale (column 29, line 52), at least one polymerizable compound inclusive of the polymerizable compound of the present formula M as recited in claim 10, as represented therein by PNG media_image20.png 34 519 media_image20.png Greyscale (column 50, line 65). However, Hirschmann et al. does not teach the inclusion of a compound of the present formula III2-2, as is now claimed. Zhang et al. is relied upon for it’s teaching of a liquid crystal medium characterized by comprising a combination of: at least one compound of the present formula III2-2, as represented therein by any one of PNG media_image21.png 80 470 media_image21.png Greyscale PNG media_image22.png 116 480 media_image22.png Greyscale PNG media_image23.png 93 482 media_image23.png Greyscale , with at least one compound of the present formula IIB-2, as represented therein by PNG media_image24.png 86 437 media_image24.png Greyscale (p. 6, and p. 58+) ; at least one compound of the present formula IA, as represented therein by PNG media_image25.png 81 456 media_image25.png Greyscale (p. ); at least one compound of the present formula IB, as represented therein by PNG media_image26.png 76 489 media_image26.png Greyscale (p. 23); at least one compound of the present formula IC-1, as represented therein by PNG media_image27.png 50 276 media_image27.png Greyscale (p. 20), and at least one compound of the present formula IC-2, as represented therein by PNG media_image28.png 46 270 media_image28.png Greyscale (p. 20). In fact Examples therein Zhang et al. expressly illustrate the combination of a compounds of the present formula III2-2, i.e., 1ONO1J, 2ONO1J, 3ONO1J, and 5ONO1J [ Examiner note: N = PNG media_image29.png 66 143 media_image29.png Greyscale , and J = PNG media_image30.png 23 50 media_image30.png Greyscale ; p. 48], with compounds of the present formula IA, i.e., 2ONO2 and 5ONO2, compounds of the present formula IIB-2, i.e., 3PWO2, compounds of the present formula IC-1, i.e., 3CCV, and compounds of the present formula IB, i.e., 3CLWO2 and 3CLWO3: PNG media_image31.png 396 324 media_image31.png Greyscale (p. 145), PNG media_image32.png 320 315 media_image32.png Greyscale (p. 150), PNG media_image33.png 342 317 media_image33.png Greyscale (p. 141), PNG media_image34.png 323 322 media_image34.png Greyscale (p. 143).It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the requisite art at the time the invention was filed include a compound of the present formula III2-2 as is now claimed with compounds of the present formulae IIB-2, IA, IB, IC-1 and IC-1, as taught in Zhang et al. in the liquid crystal medium of Hirschmann et al. characterized by similarly comprising compounds of with IIB-2, IA, IB, and IC-1 with compounds of the present formulae M-13, with reasonable expectations of achieving, absent object evidence to the contrary, the advantages taught therein, as well as those associated with the use of compounds of the present formula III2-2. The applied reference has a common assignee with the instant application. Based upon the earlier effectively filed date of the reference, it constitutes prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2). This rejection under 35 U.S.C. 103 might be overcome by: (1) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(a) that the subject matter disclosed in the reference was obtained directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor of this application and is thus not prior art in accordance with 35 U.S.C.102(b)(2)(A); (2) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(b) of a prior public disclosure under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(B); or (3) a statement pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) establishing that, not later than the effective filing date of the claimed invention, the subject matter disclosed and the claimed invention were either owned by the same person or subject to an obligation of assignment to the same person or subject to a joint research agreement. See generally MPEP § 717.02. Claims 1-10 and 12-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being obvious over Hirschmann et al. (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019/0390112) in view of Zhang et al. (Chinese Patent NO. CN 110922985 A; for applicant’s convenience the Examiner has included a machine translation thereof). Hirschmann et al. discloses a liquid crystal medium, the corresponding method of preparation thereof said liquid crystal medium, as well as the corresponding use thereof said liquid crystal medium in a liquid crystal display, characterized in that said liquid crystal medium comprises: a polymerizable component A) comprising one or more polymerizable compounds of the present formula M13, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image2.png 130 460 media_image2.png Greyscale ([0288], p. 34), wherein Table D ([0322], p. 67+) shows example compounds inclusive of those of the present formula M13 which can preferably be used as reactive mesogenic compounds in the LC media in accordance with the present invention, i.e., PNG media_image35.png 136 679 media_image35.png Greyscale PNG media_image36.png 124 676 media_image36.png Greyscale PNG media_image37.png 124 673 media_image37.png Greyscale PNG media_image38.png 130 690 media_image38.png Greyscale PNG media_image39.png 132 692 media_image39.png Greyscale PNG media_image40.png 134 677 media_image40.png Greyscale PNG media_image41.png 127 673 media_image41.png Greyscale PNG media_image42.png 101 675 media_image42.png Greyscale PNG media_image43.png 133 673 media_image43.png Greyscale PNG media_image44.png 100 681 media_image44.png Greyscale PNG media_image45.png 92 666 media_image45.png Greyscale PNG media_image46.png 98 680 media_image46.png Greyscale : and a liquid-crystalline component B), comprising: at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present formula IIB-2 as represented therein by PNG media_image8.png 117 430 media_image8.png Greyscale ([0079], p. 19), at least one dibenzothiophene compound inclusive of the dibenzothiophene compounds of the present general formula IA , as well as each of the more specific formulae IA-1, IA-2 and IA-6 as recited in claim 2, as represented therein by PNG media_image9.png 117 435 media_image9.png Greyscale ([0060], p. 17), at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present general formula IB, as well as each of the more specific formulae IB-1/2, IB-3 and IB-4 as recited in claim 3, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image47.png 406 435 media_image47.png Greyscale ([0170], p. 29), at least one preferred compound of the present formula IC-1, as presented therein by PNG media_image48.png 83 389 media_image48.png Greyscale ([0135], p. 25), at least one preferred compound of the present formula IC-2, as presented therein by PNG media_image49.png 80 404 media_image49.png Greyscale ([0135], p. 25), at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present general formula II as recited in claim 5, well as the more specific formulae IIA, IIB and IIC as recited in claim 6, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image50.png 297 414 media_image50.png Greyscale [0024], p. 2), PNG media_image51.png 132 403 media_image51.png Greyscale ([0083], p. 19), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula IV, as recited in claim 7, as presented therein by PNG media_image18.png 87 430 media_image18.png Greyscale ([0123], p. 24), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula V, as recited in claim 8, as well as the compound of the present formula IV-16 as recited in claim 9, as presented therein by PNG media_image19.png 79 422 media_image19.png Greyscale ([0123], p. 24), at least one polymerizable compound inclusive of the polymerizable compound of the present formula M as recited in claim 10, as represented therein by PNG media_image20.png 34 519 media_image20.png Greyscale ([0266], p. 33). Although Hirschmann et al. demonstrates multiple examples therein, i.e., Example P5 ([0347], p. 91), Example P14 ([0357], p. 92), Example P23 ([0367], p. 94), Example P32 ([0379], p. 95), and Example P41 ([0392], p. 97) which expressly illustrate the liquid crystal medium characterized by comprising a polymerizable compound of the present formula M13, as represented therein by PNG media_image52.png 114 429 media_image52.png Greyscale , wherein the mixtures containing said polymerizable compound of the present formula M13 comprise various combinations thereof the presently claimed compounds of formulae IIB-2, I1, IB, IC-1, IC-2, IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, III, IV, and V, Hirschmann et al. does not expressly illustrate a single liquid crystal medium comprising the combination of compounds contained in each of the polymerizable component and the liquid crystal component as is now claimed, or the additional inclusion of a compound of the present formula III2-2, as is now claimed. Zhang et al. is relied upon for it’s teaching of a liquid crystal medium characterized by comprising a combination of: at least one compound of the present formula III2-2, as represented therein by any one of PNG media_image21.png 80 470 media_image21.png Greyscale PNG media_image22.png 116 480 media_image22.png Greyscale PNG media_image23.png 93 482 media_image23.png Greyscale , with at least one compound of the present formula IIB-2, as represented therein by PNG media_image24.png 86 437 media_image24.png Greyscale (p. 6, and p. 58+) ; at least one compound of the present formula IA, as represented therein by PNG media_image25.png 81 456 media_image25.png Greyscale (p. ); at least one compound of the present formula IB, as represented therein by PNG media_image26.png 76 489 media_image26.png Greyscale (p. 23); at least one compound of the present formula IC-1, as represented therein by PNG media_image27.png 50 276 media_image27.png Greyscale (p. 20), and at least one compound of the present formula IC-2, as represented therein by PNG media_image28.png 46 270 media_image28.png Greyscale (p. 20). In fact Examples therein Zhang et al. expressly illustrate the combination of a compounds of the present formula III2-2, i.e., 1ONO1J, 2ONO1J, 3ONO1J, and 5ONO1J [ Examiner note: N = PNG media_image29.png 66 143 media_image29.png Greyscale , and J = PNG media_image30.png 23 50 media_image30.png Greyscale ; p. 48], with compounds of the present formula IA, i.e., 2ONO2 and 5ONO2, compounds of the present formula IIB-2, i.e., 3PWO2, compounds of the present formula IC-1, i.e., 3CCV, and compounds of the present formula IB, i.e., 3CLWO2 and 3CLWO3: PNG media_image31.png 396 324 media_image31.png Greyscale (p. 145), PNG media_image32.png 320 315 media_image32.png Greyscale (p. 150), PNG media_image33.png 342 317 media_image33.png Greyscale (p. 141), PNG media_image34.png 323 322 media_image34.png Greyscale (p. 143). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the requisite art at the time the invention was filed include a compound of the present formula III2-2 as is now claimed with compounds of the present formulae IIB-2, IA, IB, IC-1 and IC-2, as taught in Zhang et al. in the liquid crystal medium of Hirschmann et al. characterized by similarly comprising compounds of with IIB-2, IA, IB, and IC-1 with compounds of the present formulae M-13, with reasonable expectations of achieving, absent object evidence to the contrary, the advantages taught therein, as well as those associated with the use of compounds of the present formula III2-2. The applied reference has a common assignee with the instant application. Based upon the earlier effectively filed date of the reference, it constitutes prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2). This rejection under 35 U.S.C. 103 might be overcome by: (1) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(a) that the subject matter disclosed in the reference was obtained directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor of this application and is thus not prior art in accordance with 35 U.S.C.102(b)(2)(A); (2) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(b) of a prior public disclosure under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(B); or (3) a statement pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) establishing that, not later than the effective filing date of the claimed invention, the subject matter disclosed and the claimed invention were either owned by the same person or subject to an obligation of assignment to the same person or subject to a joint research agreement. See generally MPEP § 717.02. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Geraldina Visconti whose telephone number is (571)272-1334. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 8:00am-4:30pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Mark F Huff can be reached at 571-272-1385. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. GERALDINA VISCONTI Primary Examiner Art Unit 1737 /GERALDINA VISCONTI/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1737
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 16, 2021
Application Filed
Aug 17, 2022
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Nov 15, 2022
Response Filed
Dec 06, 2022
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Feb 13, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 23, 2023
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 26, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 13, 2023
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jun 01, 2023
Response Filed
Sep 23, 2023
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Nov 28, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 19, 2023
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 26, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Apr 04, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jun 28, 2024
Response Filed
Oct 08, 2024
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jan 10, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 10, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 12, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 04, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Nov 04, 2025
Response Filed
Nov 20, 2025
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Dec 31, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 13, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Jan 15, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 19, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

9-10
Expected OA Rounds
86%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+1.5%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 1325 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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