Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/567,289

Temperature-Controlled Massage Node

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Jan 03, 2022
Examiner
PINDERSKI, JACQUELINE M
Art Unit
3785
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Merchsource LLC
OA Round
9 (Non-Final)
26%
Grant Probability
At Risk
9-10
OA Rounds
3y 7m
To Grant
69%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants only 26% of cases
26%
Career Allow Rate
58 granted / 220 resolved
-43.6% vs TC avg
Strong +42% interview lift
Without
With
+42.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 7m
Avg Prosecution
47 currently pending
Career history
267
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.6%
-37.4% vs TC avg
§103
42.1%
+2.1% vs TC avg
§102
13.0%
-27.0% vs TC avg
§112
33.7%
-6.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 220 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on 9/19/2025 has been entered. Response to Amendments The Amendment filed 9/19/2025 has been entered. Claims 16 and 21-28 were amended, and claims 1-15 and 18 were canceled. Thus, claims 16-17 and 19-28 are pending in the application. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 16 and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Dai et al. (US 2021/0128402 A1) in view of Pepe (US 2020/0268594 A1), Levi (US 2018/0185236 A1), and Jacobs (US 2008/0046047 A1), or alternatively over Dai in view of Pepe, Levi, Jacobs, and Yamazaki (US 2015/0121900 A1). Regarding claim 16, Dai discloses a temperature-controlled massage node for removably coupling to an independently powered massager or a handle (heating/cooling attachment 20 removably coupled to the main housing shell 9 with a battery 5) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0084]; para. [0092]), the temperature-controlled massage node comprising: a node housing having an upper portion and lower portion (upper and lower portions of the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0111]); a contact plate positioned on the upper portion of the node housing (flat surface at the front of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20) (Figs. 1, 3, 15-16, 18; para. [0041]; para. [0092]); and at least one mounting sleeve on the lower portion of the node housing for removably coupling the temperature-controlled massage node to the independently powered massager or handle (fastening contact 23 on the lower portion of the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17 to removably couple it to the main housing shell 9) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0092]; para. [0098]); a heating element positioned within the node housing in communication with the at least one battery for heating and cooling the contact plate to impart either a heating or cooling effect from the temperature-controlled massage node to a user (heating/cooling semiconductor in the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17 is powered by battery 5 to heat/cool the flat surface of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20 applied to the user) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0107]; para. [0109]; paras. [0116-0117]); and a fan positioned within the node housing, where the at least one battery supplies power to the fan (cooling vent/fan 18 mounted in the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17, and which would be powered by the battery 5) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0098]; para. [0116]). Alternatively, if Dai is not seen as definitively disclosing a contact plate, Yamazaki teaches a warm-cool beauty treatment device wherein the heating or cooling effect from the Peltier element is transferred using a contact plate (warm plate 160a and/or cool plate 160b) (Yamazaki; Figs. 1A-2; para. [0021]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the Dai flat surface at the front of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20 to include a contact plate, as taught by Yamazaki, for the purpose of ensuring good thermal conductivity for a heating or cooling effect to be transferred from a thermal element to the user’s skin (Yamazaki; para. [0021]). Dai does not disclose at least one battery positioned within the node housing; impart either a heating or cooling effect from the temperature-controlled massage node to a user independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager or handle. However, Pepe teaches a massage device (Pepe; abstract) wherein at least one battery is positioned within the node housing (power source 160, which can be a battery, is inside the housing of massage head 100) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]); impart a heating effect from the temperature-controlled massage node to a user independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager or handle (massage head 100 has the power source 160, power switch 126, heating element 112, and vibration generator 162 inside of itself, and as such the massage head 100 is capable of being operated independently of the rest of the device to apply the heating or vibration effect to a user) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the Dai node housing such that at least one battery is positioned within the node housing; imparting a heating effect from the temperature-controlled massage node to a user independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager or handle, as taught by Pepe, for the purpose of allowing a user to choose between operating the node housing with or without the independently powered massager or handle as desired. Dai does not disclose the heating element is a Peltier plate. However, Levi teaches a multifunctional treatment device (Levi; abstract) where the heating element is a Peltier plate (thermoelectric elements 65 is a Peltier for both heating and cooling) (Levi; Fig. 5B; para. [0030-0031]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to substitute the Dai heating/cooling semiconductor for the Peltier plate as taught by Levi, for the purpose of providing the device with an alternate mechanism for providing a heating/cooling treatment effect to a user which one of ordinary skill in the art could feasibly expect to perform similarly well. Dai does not disclose where the fan is activated only when the Peltier plate is actively cooling the temperature-controlled massage node. However, Jacobs teaches a therapy device (Jacobs; abstract) where the fan is activated only when the Peltier plate is actively cooling the temperature-controlled massage node (when the therapy device 20 with a Peltier cell 52 is used for cooling therapy, the fan 40 will activate to cool the heat sink 30; there is no recitation of the fan 40 being activated for anything expect when using the device for cooling therapy) (Jacobs; Fig. 1; para. [0050]; para. [0053]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to for the purpose of ensuring the cold side or surface applied to a user during cooling therapy can continue to lose heat (Jacobs; para. [0050]; para. [0053]), thereby helping to apply a more effective cooling therapy. Regarding claim 20, the modified Dai teaches where the mounting sleeve couples the temperature-controlled massage node to the independently powered massager or handle by friction fit (heating/cooling attachment 20 is removably coupled to the distal end of the pushing rod 13 via fastening contact 23; there is no structure described to lock the attachment 20 in place, such as threads or snaps, and so friction would be the only force keeping the attachment 20 in place) (Dai; Figs. 11, 13, 16, 18; para. [0092]; paras. [0098-0099]). Claims 17 and 19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Dai in view of Pepe, Levi, Jacobs, and Yamazaki as applied to claim 16 above, and further in view of Barasch (US 2016/0310353 A1). Regarding claim 17, the modified Dai teaches the invention as previously claimed, including a first user controller is positioned on the node housing and is configured to allow the user to heat the temperature-controlled massage node to at least one predetermined temperature (power switch 126 on the massage head 100 housing enables the user to turn on/off the heating element 112, and so would be able to heat the massage head 100 to least one temperature) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]), but does not teach where a second user controller is positioned on the node housing and is configured to allow the user to cool the temperature-controlled massage node to at least one predetermined temperature. However, Barasch teaches a massager device (Barasch; abstract) where a second user controller is configured to allow the user to cool the temperature-controlled massage node to at least one predetermined temperature (separate controls for heating and cooling shaft 118 can each have a selection of settings for intensity, such as high, medium, low) (Barasch; Fig. 3; para. [0046]; para. [0055]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the modified Dai node housing to include a second user controller positioned on the node housing and configured to allow the user to cool the temperature-controlled massage node to at least one predetermined temperature, as taught by Barasch, for the purpose of allowing a user more control over the device operation (Barasch; para. [0046]; para. [0055]). Regarding claim 19, the modified Dai teaches where a first user controller is positioned on the node housing and is configured to allow the user to heat the temperature-controlled massage node to at least two predetermined temperatures and where a second user controller is positioned on the node housing and is configured to allow the user to cool the temperature-controlled massage node to at least two predetermined temperature (Barasch separate controls for heating and cooling shaft 118 can each have a selection of settings for intensity, such as high, medium, low; first and second controls would be on the node housing as taught by Pepe) (Barasch, Fig. 3, para. [0046], para. [0055]; Pepe, Fig. 11, para. [0042]). Claims 21-28 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Dai in view of Pepe, Barasch, and Williams (US 2022/0015988 A1) or alternatively over Dai in view of Pepe, Barasch, Williams, and Yamazaki. Regarding claim 21, Dai discloses a temperature-controlled massage node for coupling to an independently powered massager (heating/cooling attachment 20 removably coupled to the main housing shell 9 with a battery 5) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0084]; para. [0092]), the temperature-controlled massage node comprising: a node housing having an upper portion and lower portion (upper and lower portions of the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0111]), where a contact plate is positioned on the upper portion (flat surface at the front of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20) (Figs. 1, 3, 15-16, 18; para. [0041]; para. [0092]); a shaft extending from the lower portion of the node housing (fastening contact 23 extending from the lower portion of the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0092]; para. [0098]); a heating element positioned within the node housing, the heating element in communication with the at least one battery, where the at least one battery supplies power to the heating element, where the heating element is configured to heat the contact plate (heating/cooling semiconductor in the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17 is powered by battery 5 to heat/cool the flat surface of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20 applied to the user) (Figs. 16, 18; para. [0107]; para. [0109]; paras. [0116-0117]). Alternatively, if Dai is not seen as definitively disclosing a contact plate, Yamazaki teaches a warm-cool beauty treatment device wherein the heating or cooling effect from the Peltier element is transferred using a contact plate (warm plate 160a and/or cool plate 160b) (Yamazaki; Figs. 1A-2; para. [0021]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the Dai flat surface at the front of the semi-spherical heating/cooling attachment 20 to include a contact plate, as taught by Yamazaki, for the purpose of ensuring good thermal conductivity for a heating or cooling effect to be transferred from a thermal element to the user’s skin (Yamazaki; para. [0021]). Dai does not disclose at least one battery positioned within the node housing; where the at least one battery supplies power to the heating element independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager; a first user controller positioned on the node housing, where the first user controller is configured to allow the user to heat the contact plate to at least two pre-determined temperatures. However, Pepe teaches a massage device (Pepe; abstract) wherein at least one battery is positioned within the node housing (power source 160, which can be a battery, is inside the housing of massage head 100) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]); where the at least one battery supplies power to the heating element independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager (massage head 100 has the power source 160, power switch 126, heating element 112, and vibration generator 162 inside of itself, and as such the massage head 100 is capable of being operated independently of the rest of the device to apply the heating or vibration effect to a user as powered by the power source 160) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]); a first user controller positioned on the node housing, where the first user controller is configured to allow the user to heat the contact plate to at least one pre-determined temperature (power switch 126 on the massage head 100 housing enables the user to turn on/off the heating element 112, and so would be able to heat the massage head 100 to least one temperature) (Pepe; Fig. 11; para. [0042]). Moreover, Barasch teaches a massager device (Barasch; abstract) where the first user controller is configured to allow the user to heat the contact plate to at least two pre-determined temperatures (Barasch separate controls for heating and cooling shaft 118 can each have a selection of settings for intensity, such as high, medium, low) (Barasch; Fig. 3; para. [0046]; para. [0055]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the Dai node housing such that at least one battery is positioned within the node housing; where the at least one battery supplies power to the heating element independent of whether or not the node housing is coupled to the independently powered massager; a first user controller positioned on the node housing, where the first user controller is configured to allow the user to heat the contact plate to at least two pre-determined temperatures, as taught by Pepe, for the purpose of allowing a user to choose between operating the node housing with or without the independently powered massager or handle as desired. Furthermore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to further modify the modified Dai first user controller to be configured to allow the user to heat the contact plate to at least two pre-determined temperatures, as taught by Barasch, for the purpose of allowing a user more control over the device operation (Barasch; para. [0046]; para. [0055]). Dai does not disclose an outer mounting sleeve positioned around at least a portion of the shaft, where the outer mounting sleeve couples the temperature-controlled massage node to the independently powered massager by friction fit. However, Williams teaches a massage tool (Williams; abstract) including an outer mounting sleeve positioned around at least a portion of the shaft, where the outer mounting sleeve couples the temperature-controlled massage node to the independently powered massager by friction fit (o-ring 42 positioned around rod 5, and which couples the body follower 7 to the shaft 7 of hand-held reciprocating motor 3 via friction as seen in Fig. 4; alternatively, the o-ring 42 is the mounting sleeve and the shaft is rod 5, swivel 47, swivel retaining shaft 67, and/or cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 as seen in Fig. 16; alternatively, the o-ring 42 and cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 is the mounting sleeve and the shaft is rod 5, swivel 47, and/or swivel retaining shaft 67 as seen in Fig. 16) (Williams; Figs. 1, 4, 14-16; para. [0043]; para. [0048]; para. [0058]). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the Dai shaft to include an outer mounting sleeve positioned around at least a portion of the shaft, where the outer mounting sleeve couples the temperature-controlled massage node to the independently powered massager by friction fit, as taught by Williams, for the purpose of providing a specific suitable connection mechanism which provides sufficient friction to maintain the engagement within the massage tool during operation (Williams; para. [0048]), thereby ensuring the secure connection between parts during operation of the device. Regarding claim 22, the modified Dai teaches where the outer mounting sleeve includes an outer sleeve and grooves (cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 has a groove for o-ring 42 and a groove for shaft 67) (Williams; Fig. 16; para. [0058]). Regarding claim 23, the modified Dai teaches where the shaft includes has an open center (Dai fastening contact 23 is a hollow cylinder; alternatively, the Williams cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 has an open center through its proximal end 13) (Dai, Figs. 16, 18; Williams, Fig. 16, para. [0058]). Regarding claim 24, the modified Dai teaches where the independently powered massager includes a node mount, and where the shaft of the temperature-controlled massage node frictionally fits within an interior of the node mount (reciprocating motor 3 has a reciprocating shaft 17, into which the rod 5, retaining shaft 67, and/or cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 is fit via friction from the o-ring 42) (Williams; Figs. 1, 4, 14-16; para. [0043]; para. [0048]; para. [0058]). Regarding claim 25, the modified Dai teaches where the temperature-controlled massage node further comprises includes a fan positioned within the node housing (cooling vent/fan 18 mounted in the housing shell for the heating/cooling attachment 17, and which would be powered by the battery 5) (Dai; Figs. 16, 18; para. [0098]; para. [0116]). Regarding claim 26, the modified Dai teaches where the shaft of the temperature-controlled massage node comprises a first portion having a first outer diameter and a second portion having a second outer diameter greater than the first outer diameter (rod 5 has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of swivel retaining shaft 67) (Williams; Fig. 16; para. [0058]). Regarding claim 27, the modified Dai teaches where the outer mounting sleeve is positioned on the first outer diameter (the cylinder around the swivel retaining shaft 67 is positioned on the outer diameter of the swivel retaining shaft 67) (Williams; Fig. 16; para. [0058]). Regarding claim 28, the modified Dai teaches where the shaft of the temperature-controlled massage node includes a step transition between the first portion and the second portion (there is a step transition between the rod 5 and swivel retaining shaft 67 outer diameters at swivel 47) (Williams; Fig. 16; para. [0058]). Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 9/19/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. On page 6 in the “Claim Objections” section of the Applicant’s remarks, the Applicant argues that claims have been amended to overcome the claim objections of the previous office action. The Examiner agrees, and has thus withdrawn those claim objections. Applicant’s arguments on pages 6-7 of the Applicant’s remarks with respect to the newly amended independent claim 16 have been considered but are moot in view of new grounds of rejection with new additional Pepe and Jacobs references being used in the current rejection as discussed above. Applicant’s arguments on page 8 of the Applicant’s remarks with respect to the newly amended independent claim 21 have been considered but are moot in view of new grounds of rejection with new additional Williams reference being used in the current rejection as discussed above. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JACQUELINE M PINDERSKI whose telephone number is (571)272-7032. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 7:00-4:00. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Justine Yu can be reached at 571-272-4835. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JACQUELINE M PINDERSKI/Examiner, Art Unit 3785 /RACHEL T SIPPEL/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3785
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 03, 2022
Application Filed
Mar 08, 2022
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jun 15, 2022
Response Filed
Jul 14, 2022
Final Rejection — §103
Sep 20, 2022
Response after Non-Final Action
Oct 11, 2022
Examiner Interview (Telephonic)
Oct 11, 2022
Response after Non-Final Action
Nov 11, 2022
Request for Continued Examination
Nov 17, 2022
Response after Non-Final Action
Nov 29, 2022
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Mar 03, 2023
Response Filed
Mar 07, 2023
Final Rejection — §103
Jun 12, 2023
Examiner Interview Summary
Jun 12, 2023
Examiner Interview (Telephonic)
Jun 15, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 14, 2023
Request for Continued Examination
Aug 17, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Sep 21, 2023
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jan 25, 2024
Response Filed
Mar 28, 2024
Final Rejection — §103
Jun 28, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 15, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Aug 16, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Sep 06, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jan 21, 2025
Response Filed
Apr 17, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Jul 22, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Aug 28, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Aug 28, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Sep 19, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Oct 01, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Oct 10, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Expected OA Rounds
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3y 7m
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