DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Response to Arguments
Applicant’s arguments with respect to claims 1 and 10 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument.
If further efforts are made to clarify and fully define the invention, Applicant is advised to consider referencing specific paragraphs, column and line numbers, and/or figures from the cited prior art. While the citations provided are representative and mapped to individual claim limitations, other portions of the references may also be relevant. Incorporating such disclosures may assist the Applicant in preparing a more complete response to this Office Action.
Information Disclosure Statement
The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on 07/24/2025 was filed in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action.
The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows:
1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art.
2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue.
3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art.
4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness.
Claims 1-2, 6-11 and 15-18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Miura (US 20190207295) in view Villarroel et al. (US 20140015716).
Regarding claim 1:
Miura discloses an antenna (in Figs. 1-2, 4A-4C, 5A-5B, 6A-6D and 13A-13C) comprising a parasitic antenna element (211a) wherein the parasitic antenna element (211a) is not in contact with a feeding point (132a) and is disposed near a feeding antenna element (111b) of a radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) configured to function as a radio communicator, and an induction current (See Abstract; Para. 0072, Lines 1-6) is generated in the parasitic antenna element (211a) by a driving current (from 111b) of the feeding antenna element (111b), wherein the parasitic antenna element (211a) is disposed in a window (221a) of a conveyance (201a), the radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) includes the feeding antenna element (111b) inside (See Fig. 1), and the radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) is mounted on a dashboard inside the conveyance (201a).
Miura is silent on that the parasitic antenna element is formed using a transparent conductive film.
Villarroel et al. disclose (in Figs. 2A and 2B) a parasitic antenna element (24) is formed using a transparent conductive film (Para. 0064, Lines 1-2; Para. 0067, Lines 2-3).
Accordingly, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to implement the parasitic antenna element to be formed using a transparent conductive film as taught by Villarroel et al. into the device of Miura for the benefit of allowing greater visible light transmission through the window assembly (Para. 0040, Lines 1-8).
Regarding claim 2:
Miura discloses the induction current is a resonance current (Para. 0042, Lines 1-3; Para. 0073, Lines 1-5).
Regarding claim 6:
Miura discloses the parasitic antenna element (211a) has a bent shape (See Figs. 13A-13C).
Regarding claim 7:
Miura discloses the feeding antenna element (111b) has an inverted L-shape (See Figs. 4B, 4C).
Regarding claim 8:
Miura discloses the parasitic antenna element (211a) has one end (269ba) and an other end (269bb), and a length thereof from the one end (269ba) to the other end (269bb) is approximately 1/2 of a wavelength of a radio wave emitted by the feeding antenna element (111b; Para. 0073, Lines 5-7; Para. 0076, Lines 4-6).
Regarding claim 9:
Miura discloses the feeding antenna element (111b) has one end (open end) and an other end that is connected to a feeding point (132a), the parasitic antenna element (211a) has one end (269ba in Figs. 13A-13C) and an other end (269bb in Figs. 13A-13C), and the one end (open end) of the feeding antenna element (111b) is spatially coupled to the one end of the parasitic antenna element (211a).
Regarding claim 10:
Miura discloses a radio communication system (in Figs. 1-2, 4A-4C, 5A-5B, and 6A-6D) comprising: a radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) comprising a feeding antenna element (111b), the radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) being configured to function as a radio communicator; and an antenna (defined by 111b, 132a and 211a) comprising a parasitic antenna element (211a), wherein the parasitic antenna element (111b) is not in contact with a feeding point (146a) and is disposed near the feeding antenna element (111b), and an induction current (See Abstract; Para. 0072, Lines 1-6) is generated in the parasitic antenna element (211a) by a driving current (from 111b) of the feeding antenna element (111b; ), wherein the parasitic antenna element (211a) is disposed in a window (221a) of a conveyance (201a), the radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) includes the feeding antenna element (111b) inside (See Fig. 1), and the radio communication apparatus (define defined by 101a) is mounted on a dashboard inside the conveyance (201a).
Miura is silent on that the parasitic antenna element is formed using a transparent conductive film.
Villarroel et al. disclose (in Figs. 2A and 2B) a parasitic antenna element (24) is formed using a transparent conductive film (Para. 0064, Lines 1-2; Para. 0067, Lines 2-3).
Accordingly, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to implement the parasitic antenna element to be formed using a transparent conductive film as taught by Villarroel et al. into the device of Miura for the benefit of allowing greater visible light transmission through the window assembly (Para. 0040, Lines 1-8).
Regarding claim 11:
Miura discloses the induction current is a resonance current (Para. 0042, Lines 1-3; Para. 0073, Lines 1-5).
Regarding claim 15:
Miura discloses the parasitic antenna element (211a) has a bent shape (See Figs. 13A-13C).
Regarding claim 16:
Miura discloses the feeding antenna element (111b) has an inverted L-shape (See Figs. 4B, 4C).
Regarding claim 17:
Miura discloses the parasitic antenna element (211a) has one end (269ba) and an other end (269bb), and a length thereof from the one end (269ba) to the other end (269bb) is approximately 1/2 of a wavelength of a radio wave emitted by the feeding antenna element (111b; Para. 0073, Lines 5-7; Para. 0076, Lines 4-6).
Regarding claim 18:
Miura discloses the feeding antenna element (111b) has one end (open end) and an other end that is connected to a feeding point (132a), the parasitic antenna element (211a) has one end (269ba in Figs. 13A-13C) and an other end (269bb in Figs. 13A-13C), and the one end (open end) of the feeding antenna element (111b) is spatially coupled to the one end of the parasitic antenna element (211a).
Conclusion
Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to BAMIDELE A. IMMANUEL whose telephone number is (571)272-9988. The examiner can normally be reached General IFP Schedule: Mon.-Fri. 8AM - 7PM (Hoteling).
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If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Dimary Lopez can be reached at 5712707893. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
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/BAMIDELE A IMMANUEL/Examiner, Art Unit 2845
/DAVID E LOTTER/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2845
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