Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/911,452

LUMINESCENT SUBSTRATE COMPOUND

Non-Final OA §102§112
Filed
Sep 14, 2022
Examiner
BERKELEY, EMILY R
Art Unit
1796
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
2-3
OA Rounds
3y 3m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
310 granted / 409 resolved
+10.8% vs TC avg
Strong +28% interview lift
Without
With
+28.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 3m
Avg Prosecution
21 currently pending
Career history
430
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
4.3%
-35.7% vs TC avg
§103
38.0%
-2.0% vs TC avg
§102
23.1%
-16.9% vs TC avg
§112
28.8%
-11.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 409 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claims 1-17, filed 12/23/2025, are acknowledged. Claims 1-17 are pending and considered on the merits below. Another non-final is being issued. Response to Amendment Applicant's amendments, filed 12/23/2025, with respect to the previous 112(b) have been fully satisfied and withdrawn. In response to the applicant's amendments, the grounds of rejection for claims 1-17 are new compared to the previous action. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1-17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claim 1, the limitation in line 10 “m is a integer of 0-5” is indefinite because it is unclear the scope of the claim when m is 0. This claim indicates that R3 can be a variety of substituents, including H, thus if m is 0 there would be nothing attached to the carbons. For examination purposes the examiner interprets if m is 0, then all the substituents are H. Further regarding claim 1, the limitation “provided that A is not a hydrogen when R2 is represented by the following formula PNG media_image1.png 178 159 media_image1.png Greyscale ” is indefinite because it is unclear which of the R5 parameters are being including. This is because “(ii) R5 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 5” (line 24) when n is 0, results in the same compound as “(ii) [R4 is] an alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms” (line 15). This issues similarly applies to the parameters listed in “(iv) R5 is….” And “(iii) [R4 is]…” and “(iii) R5 is…” and “(i) [R4 is]”. For examination purposes the examiner interprets that “n” is 1 to 5 when the R2 group is PNG media_image1.png 178 159 media_image1.png Greyscale . This particularly applies to claim 9 as well, and for examination purposes the examiner interprets that “n” is 1 to 5 for all compounds. Dependent claims follow the same reasoning. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1, 2, and 15-17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Ohmiya et al. (Chemistry Letters, Volume 22, Issue 12, December 1993, Pages 2149–2152). Regarding claims 1 and 2, Ohmiya describes a compound represented by the following formula [I], or a salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof (Scheme 2): [Formula I] PNG media_image2.png 200 217 media_image2.png Greyscale in formula [I] (Scheme 2 PNG media_image3.png 200 400 media_image3.png Greyscale compound PNG media_image4.png 200 400 media_image4.png Greyscale ), R1 is -CH2-A; where A is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the following formula: [Formula 2] PNG media_image5.png 86 181 media_image5.png Greyscale (R3 is hydroxy; m is 1), wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a methoxy group, or a trifluoromethyl group, and m is an integer of 0 to 5, OR R2 is a group represented by the following formula: [Formula 4] PNG media_image6.png 114 115 media_image6.png Greyscale wherein R4 is (i) -O-(CH2)n-R6 (where R6 is a hydroxyl group, a methoxy group, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or an azido group, and n is an integer of 1 to 5), (ii) an alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or (iii) any one of the groups represented by the following formulae: [Formula 5] PNG media_image7.png 59 27 media_image7.png Greyscale . Regarding claim 15, Ohmiya describes a luminescent substrate for proteins or peptides, which comprises the compound according to any one of claims 1, or a salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof (title “bioluminescence activity”). Regarding claim 16, Ohmiya describes a method for protein or peptide analysis, which comprises administering the compound according to any one of claim 1, or a salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof, in vivo or adding the same in vitro to thereby detect a desired protein or peptide (page 2151 paragraph 1 describes in vitro methods). Regarding claim 17, Ohmiya describes a method for protein or peptide analysis, which comprises administering the luminescent substrate according to claim 15 in vivo or adding the same in vitro to thereby detect a desired protein or peptide (page 2151 paragraph 1 describes in vitro methods). Claim(s) 1, 6, and 15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Hirano et al. (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2008, 7, 197–207). Regarding claims 1 and 6, Hirano describes a compound represented by the following formula [I], or a salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof (scheme 3 “1Ha”): [Formula I] PNG media_image2.png 200 217 media_image2.png Greyscale in formula [I] ( PNG media_image8.png 134 96 media_image8.png Greyscale ), R1 is -CH2-A; where A is a hydrogen atom (A is hydrogen), and R2 is a group represented by the following formula: [Formula 4] PNG media_image6.png 114 115 media_image6.png Greyscale wherein R4 is (i) -O-(CH2)n-R6 (where R6 is a hydroxyl group, a methoxy group, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or an azido group, and n is an integer of 1 to 5), (ii) an alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or (iii) any one of the groups represented by the following formulae: [Formula 5] PNG media_image7.png 59 27 media_image7.png Greyscale . Regarding claim 15, Rao describes a luminescent substrate for proteins or peptides, which comprises the compound according to any one of claims 1, or a salt thereof, or a hydrate or solvate thereof (title “bioluminescence supported by the chemiluminescence”). Additional Art This prior art made is of record particularly regarding claims 1 and 6: Kondo et al. (Tetrahedron Letters 46 (2005) 7701 - 7704) Takahash et al. (Tetrahedron Letters 47 (2006) 6057- 6061) Teranishi (Luminescence 2007; 22: 147–156) Hirano et al. (Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence. July 2007, 11-14) Allowable Subject Matter Claim 3, 4, 5, and 7-14 would be allowable if rewritten to overcome the rejection(s) under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), 2nd paragraph, set forth in this Office action and to include all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: References above describe most of the limitations of independent claim 1, however fail to teach or suggest the specific compounds required by the claims. None of the prior art discovered describes all the limitations alone or in combination, thus the prior art fails to teach or suggest all the limitations of claims 3, 4, 5, and 7-14. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to the claim(s) have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to EMILY R BERKELEY whose telephone number is (571)272-9831. The examiner can normally be reached M-Th 9-6. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Elizabeth Robinson can be reached at 571-272-7129. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /EMILY R. BERKELEY/ Examiner Art Unit 1796 /ELIZABETH A ROBINSON/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 1796
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 14, 2022
Application Filed
Sep 15, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112
Dec 23, 2025
Response Filed
Feb 02, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12560586
Soil Analysis Compositions and Methods
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12560587
Soil Analysis Compositions and Methods
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12559476
COMPOUND AND LABELED BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE USING THE SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12535492
MASS SPECTRAL TISSUE ANALYSIS
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 27, 2026
Patent 12486293
CHIRALITY SENSING WITH MOLECULAR CLICK CHEMISTRY PROBES
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 02, 2025
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+28.3%)
3y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 409 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month