Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 16, 2026
Application No. 17/920,451

OPTICAL DEVICE

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Oct 21, 2022
Examiner
ZHANG, YUANDA
Art Unit
2828
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Ricoh Company, LTD.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
84%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 84% — above average
84%
Career Allow Rate
825 granted / 981 resolved
+16.1% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+12.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
34 currently pending
Career history
1015
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
53.8%
+13.8% vs TC avg
§102
27.1%
-12.9% vs TC avg
§112
13.9%
-26.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 981 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Election/Restrictions Applicant’s election without traverse of Species 1, FIG. 3, Claims 21-24 and 26-31 in the reply filed on 10/20/25 is acknowledged. Claims 25 and 32-40 are withdrawn from further consideration pursuant to 37 CFR 1.142(b) as being drawn to a nonelected species, there being no allowable generic or linking claim. Election was made without traverse in the reply filed on 10/20/25. Claim Objections Claim 23 is objected to because of the following informalities: “plurality of light emitters” in the line should be changed to “a plurality of light emitters” in order to improve clarity. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 21-22 and 30-31 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102a1 as being anticipated by CN 109638644 A (hereafter CN’644, machine translation is provided for citation purposes). Regarding claim 21, CN’644 discloses an optical device (a swept light source, FIG. 2, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6) comprising: a light emitter (a bottom part of the swept light source for emitting light toward a top part of the swept light source, FIG. 2) including a first reflector (a first DBR 13, FIG. 2, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6) and an active layer (14, FIG. 2, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6); a second reflector (a second DBR 23, FIG. 2, where 23 is disposed on an opposite side of 14 from the first DBR 13, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6) facing the first reflector across the active layer; an elastic support (a cantilever beam structure 22, FIG. 2, where 23 is disposed on 22, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6) supporting the second reflector; a piezoelectric element (a piezoelectric structure 24, FIG. 2, where 24 is disposed on 22, see Paragraph 1 bridging pages 5-6) on the elastic support; and circuitry (a circuit for providing a drive voltage is implicitly taught since a working voltage or a working current is applied to the piezoelectric structure 24, see Paragraph 3 bridging pages 6-7) configured to output a signal to apply drive voltage to the piezoelectric element to elastically deform the elastic support (deformation of the cantilever beam structure 22 is caused by the piezoelectric film 242 by using converse piezoelectric effect, see Paragraph 3 bridging pages 6-7), wherein the deformation of the elastic support moves the second reflector relative to the first reflector to oscillate light from the light emitter (the deformation of the cantilever beam structure 22 moves the second DBR 23 relative to the first DBR 13 and light emitted from the light emitter is oscillated between 13/23, see Paragraph 3 bridging pages 6-7). PNG media_image1.png 528 591 media_image1.png Greyscale Regarding claim 22, CN’644 discloses the first reflector and the active layer form a first substrate (interpreted to be the bottom part of the swept light source including layers 12-14, FIG. 2), and wherein the second reflector, the elastic support, and the piezoelectric element form a second substrate (interpreted to be the top part of the swept light source including layers 22-24, FIG. 2). Regarding claim 30, CN’644 discloses the deformation of the elastic support changes a distance between the first reflector and the second reflector to change an oscillation wavelength of the light emitted from the light emitter (the deformation of the cantilever beam structure 22 changes the resonant cavity length between 13/23, see Paragraph 4 on page 5). Regarding claim 31, CN’644 discloses the elastic support includes at least two elastic supports (multiple 221, FIG. 2), and the at least two elastic supports are apart from each other around the second reflector (FIG. 2). PNG media_image2.png 504 524 media_image2.png Greyscale Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claims 23 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over CN’644. Regarding claim 23, CN’644 has disclosed the optical device outlined in the rejection to claim 21 above and further discloses the second reflector, the elastic support, and the piezoelectric element form a second substrate, the second substrate includes a light emitter (FIG. 2) except a plurality of light emitters. It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to duplicate the light emitter to form a plurality of light emitters in order to emit various wavelengths, since it has been held that mere duplication of the essential working parts of a device involves only routine skill in the art. St. Regis Paper Co. v. Bemis Co., 193 USPQ 8. Claims 24 and 26-29 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over CN’644 in view of FUJISHIMA et al. (US PG Pub 2018/0267293 A1, 10/21/22 IDS). Regarding claim 24, CN’644 has disclosed the optical device outlined in the rejection to claim 21 above and further discloses the elastic support includes: multiple arm portions (221, FIG. 1) extending adjacent to each other, wherein the piezoelectric element includes multiple piezoelectric elements (24, FIG. 1), and the piezoelectric elements are on the arm portions, respectively except one or more folded portions each connecting ends on the same side of two adjacent arm portions of the arm portions in an extending direction of the arm portions. FUJISHIMA discloses the elastic support includes: multiple arm portions (141/142, FIG. 3, [0025]) extending adjacent to each other; and one or more folded portions (143, FIG. 3, [0025]) each connecting ends on the same side of two adjacent arm portions of the arm portions in an extending direction of the arm portions, wherein the piezoelectric element includes multiple piezoelectric elements (144, FIG. 3, [0026]), and the piezoelectric elements are on the arm portions, respectively. It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to replace the elastic support of CN’644 with the elastic support including one or more folded portions each connecting ends on the same side of two adjacent arm portions of the arm portions in an extending direction of the arm portions as taught by FUJISHIMA in order to obtain multiple-value control where the movable component is stopped at any desired displacement level is also desired ([0030] of FUJISHIMA). Regarding claim 26, CN’644, as modified, discloses the piezoelectric elements are displaced from each other in the extending direction of the arms (FIG. 3 of FUJISHIMA). Regarding claim 27, CN’644, as modified, discloses the arm portions include displacement defining portions (17, FIG. 3, [0026] of FUJISHIMA), and the displacement defining portions are elastically undeformable in response to application of drive voltage to the piezoelectric elements. Regarding claim 28, CN’644, as modified, discloses the displacement defining portions are without the piezoelectric elements (FIG. 3 of FUJISHIMA). Regarding claim 29, CN’644, as modified, discloses the displacement defining portions include the piezoelectric element, to which drive voltage is not applied (FIG. 3 of FUJISHIMA). Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Cable et al. (US PG Pub 2016/0028207 A1) and Spoonhower et al. (US PG Pub 2004/0076198 A1) disclose a MEMS-VCSEL similar to the claimed invention (See FIG. 7 of Cable and FIG. 4a of Spoonhower). Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to YUANDA ZHANG whose telephone number is (571)270-1439. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 10:30 AM - 6:30 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, MINSUN HARVEY can be reached at (571)272-1835. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /YUANDA ZHANG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2828
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 21, 2022
Application Filed
Nov 20, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Mar 24, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Mar 24, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Mar 25, 2026
Response Filed

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12597761
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SERIES-CONNECTED VCSEL ARRAY
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12597756
TOPOLOGIC INSULATOR SURFACE EMITTING LASER SYSTEM
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12592542
SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12586979
OPTICAL MODULE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12580364
SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
84%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+12.2%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 981 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in for Full Analysis

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month