Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Response to Arguments
Applicant’s arguments with respect to claims 21,24-25,28-29,32-33 and 35-39 have been considered but are moot in view of new grounds of rejection.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
This application currently names joint inventors. In considering patentability of the claims the examiner presumes that the subject matter of the various claims was commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the claimed invention(s) absent any evidence to the contrary. Applicant is advised of the obligation under 37 CFR 1.56 to point out the inventor and effective filing dates of each claim that was not commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the later invention in order for the examiner to consider the applicability of 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) for any potential 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) prior art against the later invention.
Claims 21,24-25,28-29,32-33 and 35-39 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over ZHANG et al. (US 2022/0051570 A1; hereinafter “ZHANG”), in view of Ryu et al. (US 2022/0338155 A1; hereinafter "Ryu"), in view of KUGE (US 2025/0097834 A1), and further in view of 3GPP TS 33.256 v0.0.0 (hereinafter “3GPP”).
Regarding claim 21, ZHANG teaches a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system (Fig. 5 user equipment), the method comprising (Fig. 5):
transmitting, to an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity, a registration request message for a registration procedure for an uncrewed aerial system (UAS) service ([0185] FIG. 5 step S501 for unauthorized uncrewed aerial vehicle), wherein the UE does not have an aerial subscription in UE subscription data ([0147] user equipment that has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability and is registered for uncrewed aerial system communication but a mobility attribute of the user equipment does not meet a mobility attribute allowed by subscription data);
receiving, from the AMF entity, a registration reject message as a response to the registration request message ([0150] the AMF sends the restriction indication message, restricting is understood as rejecting data sending and receiving of the user equipment, [0182] if the AMF identifies unauthorized FIG. 3 S207 is performed, send restriction indication message),
wherein the registration reject message includes first information indicating that the UAS service is not allowed ([0176] the subscription data changes from originally-allowed flight to not-allowed flight, [0179] the tracking indication message indicates that the user equipment no longer has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability).
However, ZHANG does not teach in case that a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data, receiving, from the AMF entity, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled for the UE; receiving, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; in response to receiving the second information, transmitting, to the AMF entity, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service, wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID; and transmitting, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message, performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity and, performing an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, Ryu teaches in case that a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data ([0226] discloses a registration request message including a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0228] discloses determining UE subscription information based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier, wherein the subscription information indicates whether the UE has an unmanned aerial service subscription and is allowed to receive the UAS service),
receiving, from the AMF entity, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled for the UE ([0235] discloses that the AMF/MME performs service-specific authentication and authorization procedure, [0277] discloses that, upon completion of the AA in the core network, the MME sends a NAS message comprising an indication that the AA is completed and UAS-related information, thereby indicating that the UAS service is enabled, [0272] discloses the MME updates the UE configuration based on the authentication result);
in response to receiving the second information, transmitting, to the AMF entity, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service ([0277] the UE receives a NAS message including UAS-related information and an indication of authentication result, and [0145] transmitting a registration request during a mobility-related registration update. Accordingly, the UE transmits a mobility registration update message for the UAS service in response to receiving the second information),
wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID ([0226] a registration request message transmitted to the AMF during registration comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier wherein the CAA UAV identifier may be a CAA-level UAV identifier. Accordingly, the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
However, the combination of ZHANG and Ryu does not teach receiving, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; and transmitting, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message, performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity and, performing an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, KUGE teaches receiving, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message (FIG. 6; [0393],[0420] disclose that, during the registration procedure, the AMF transmits a control message to the UE, wherein the control message is a registration accept message in response to the registration request, and the UE receives the registration accept message via the 5G AN); and
transmitting, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message (FIG. 6 S612 and [0420], [0424] disclose that, after receiving a registration accept message, the UE transmits a registration complete message to the AMF to complete the registration procedure), performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity ([0128] discloses a Network Slice-Specific Authentication and Authorization (NSSAA) procedure, [0306] discloses performing the NSSAA procedure during a registration-related procedure with the network/AMF),
performing an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity ([0064] discloses that the AMF performs access authentication and authorization functions for the UE, [0094], [0245] disclose that an authentication and authorization procedure is performed during a registration procedure).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the registration procedure as taught by KUGE within the system of ZHANG and Ryu. One would have been motivated to do so in order to support Enhancement of Network Slicing (eNS) and enhanced Non-Public Network (eNPN) in the 5G System with a low latency function (KUGE [0013]).
However, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE does not teach wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, 3GPP teaches wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service (Page 8; FIG. 5.2.1.1-1, steps 1, 3-4a disclose that the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID in a Registration Request for UAS service, UUAA is triggered only if the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID and has a valid Aerial UE subscription, and the AMF returns a Registration Accept message to the UE).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a registration procedure as taught by 3GPP within the system of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE. One would with have been motivated to do so in order to improve UAS service security for system reliability (3GPP [page 7]).
Regarding claim 24, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the CAA level UAV ID is provided to the AMF entity to set the UAS service ([0226] the wireless device sends a registration request message to the AMF via the base station. The registration request message comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0228] the subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 25, ZHANG teaches a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system (Fig. 5 user equipment), the UE comprising:
a transceiver ([0047] sending unit, [0052] receiving unit); and
a controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to ([0049] the processing unit):
transmit, to an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity , a registration request message for a registration procedure for an uncrewed aerial system (UAS) service ([0185] FIG. 5 step S501 for unauthorized uncrewed aerial vehicle), wherein the UE does not have an aerial subscription in UE subscription data ([0147] user equipment that has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability and is registered for uncrewed aerial system communication but a mobility attribute of the user equipment does not meet a mobility attribute allowed by subscription data),
receive, from the AMF entity, a registration reject message as a response to the registration request message ([0150] the AMF sends the restriction indication message, restricting is understood as rejecting data sending and receiving of the user equipment, [0182] if the AMF identifies unauthorized FIG. 3 S207 is performed, send restriction indication message), wherein the registration reject message includes first information indicating that the UAS service is not allowed ([0176] the subscription data changes from originally-allowed flight to not-allowed flight, [0179] the tracking indication message indicates that the user equipment no longer has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability).
However, ZHANG does not teach in case that a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data, receive, from the AMF entity, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled for the UE, in response to receiving the second information, transmit, to the AMF entity, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service, wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID, receive, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message, and transmit, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message, perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity and, perform an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, Ryu teaches in case that a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data ([0226] discloses a registration request message including a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0228] discloses determining UE subscription information based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier, wherein the subscription information indicates whether the UE has an unmanned aerial service subscription and is allowed to receive the UAS service),
receive, from the AMF entity, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled for the UE ([0235] discloses that the AMF/MME performs service-specific authentication and authorization procedure, [0277] discloses that, upon completion of the AA in the core network, the MME sends a NAS message comprising an indication that the AA is completed and UAS-related information, thereby indicating that the UAS service is enabled, [0272] discloses the MME updates the UE configuration based on the authentication result),
in response to receiving the second information, transmit, to the AMF entity, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service ([0277] the UE receives a NAS message including UAS-related information and an indication of authentication result, and [0145] transmitting a registration request during a mobility-related registration update. Accordingly, the UE transmits a mobility registration update message for the UAS service in response to receiving the second information),
wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID ([0226] a registration request message transmitted to the AMF during registration comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier wherein the CAA UAV identifier may be a CAA-level UAV identifier. Accordingly, the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
However, the combination of ZHANG and Ryu does not teach receive, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message, and transmit, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message, perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity and, perform an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, KUGE teaches receive, from the AMF entity, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message (FIG. 6; [0393],[0420] disclose that, during the registration procedure, the AMF transmits a control message to the UE, wherein the control message is a registration accept message in response to the registration request, and the UE receives the registration accept message via the 5G AN), and
transmit, to the AMF entity, a registration complete message (FIG. 6 S612 and [0420], [0424] disclose that, after receiving a registration accept message, the UE transmits a registration complete message to the AMF to complete the registration procedure), perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure with the AMF entity ([0128] discloses a Network Slice-Specific Authentication and Authorization (NSSAA) procedure, [0306] discloses performing the NSSAA procedure during a registration-related procedure with the network/AMF),
perform an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure for the UE with the AMF entity ([0064] discloses that the AMF performs access authentication and authorization functions for the UE, [0094], [0245] disclose that an authentication and authorization procedure is performed during a registration procedure).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the registration procedure as taught by KUGE within the system of ZHANG and Ryu. One would have been motivated to do so in order to support Enhancement of Network Slicing (eNS) and enhanced Non-Public Network (eNPN) in the 5G System with a low latency function (KUGE [0013]).
However, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE does not teach wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, 3GPP teaches wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service (Page 8; FIG. 5.2.1.1-1, steps 1, 3-4a disclose that the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID in a Registration Request for UAS service, UUAA is triggered only if the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID and has a valid Aerial UE subscription, and the AMF returns a Registration Accept message to the UE).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a registration procedure as taught by 3GPP within the system of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE. One would with have been motivated to do so in order to improve UAS service security for system reliability (3GPP [page 7]).
Regarding claim 28, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the CAA level UAV ID is provided to the AMF entity to get the UAS service ([0226] the wireless device sends a registration request message to the AMF via the base station. The registration request message comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0228] the subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 29, ZHANG teaches a method performed by an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity in a wireless communication system (Fig. 5 AMF), the method comprising (FIG. 5):
receiving, from a user equipment (UE), a registration request message for a registration procedure for an uncrewed aerial system (UAS) service ([0185] FIG. 5 step S501 for unauthorized uncrewed aerial vehicle);
receiving, from a unified data management (UDM) entity, UE subscription data associated with the UE ([0140] the AMF receives a subscription data response message from the UDM, where the subscription data response message includes the subscription data of the user equipment);
identifying whether an aerial subscription is included in the UE subscription data ([0110] mobility attribute information of the user equipment does not match mobility attribute information allowed by subscription information, [0147] registered for uncrewed aerial system communication but a mobility attribute does not meet a mobility attribute allowed by subscription data);
transmitting, to the UE, a registration reject message as a response to the registration request message ([0150] the AMF sends the restriction indication message, restricting is understood as rejecting data sending and receiving of the user equipment, [0182] if the AMF identifies unauthorized FIG. 3 S207 is performed, send restriction indication message), wherein the registration reject message includes first information indicating that the UAS service is not allowed ([0176] the subscription data changes from originally-allowed flight to not-allowed flight, [0179] the tracking indication message indicates that the user equipment no longer has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability).
However, ZHANG does not teach determining that an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure is required for the UE; identifying whether a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message; in case that the CAA level UAV ID is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data, transmitting, to the UE, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled, in case that the UAS service becomes enabled based on the aerial subscription being included in updated UE subscription data; receiving, from the UE, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service based on the second information, wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID; transmitting, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; receiving, from the UE, a registration complete message; performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure; and performing the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, Ryu teaches determining that an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure is required for the UE (FIG. 19; [0226] the registration request message from the UE comprises a UAS service capability and a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0229] in response to receiving UE context response information including subscription information, the AMF determines whether an authentication and/or authorization for the UAS service is required);
identifying whether a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message ([0226] discloses a registration request message may include a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0227]-[0229] disclose that the AMF/UDM processes the CAA UAV identifier and determines UAS subscription/authentication requirements based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier);
in case that the CAA level UAV ID is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data ([0226] discloses a registration request message including a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0228] discloses determining UE subscription information based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier, wherein the subscription information indicates whether the UE has an unmanned aerial service subscription and is allowed to receive the UAS service),
transmitting, to the UE, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled ([0235] discloses that the AMF/MME performs service-specific authentication and authorization procedure, [0277] discloses that, upon completion of the AA in the core network, the MME sends a NAS message comprising an indication that the AA is completed and UAS-related information, thereby indicating that the UAS service is enabled, [0272] discloses the MME updates the UE configuration based on the authentication result),
in case that the UAS service is enabled based on the aerial subscription being included in updated UE subscription data ([0169] subscription data of the UE is retrieved and updated when the subscription data changes, [0235] AMF performs a service-specific authentication and authorization procedure to determine whether a service is authorized. Accordingly, the service is enabled based on updated UE subscription data);
receiving, from the UE, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service based on the second information ([0277] the UE receives a NAS message including UAS-related information and an indication of authentication result, and [0145] transmitting a registration request during a mobility-related registration update. Accordingly, the UE transmits a mobility registration update message for the UAS service in response to receiving the second information),
wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID ([0226] a registration request message transmitted to the AMF during registration comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier wherein the CAA UAV identifier may be a CAA-level UAV identifier. Accordingly, the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
However, the combination of ZHANG and Ryu does not teach transmitting, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; receiving, from the UE, a registration complete message; performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure; and performing the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, KUGE teaches transmitting, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message (FIG. 6; [0393],[0419] disclose that, during the registration procedure, the AMF transmits a control message to the UE, wherein the control message is a registration accept message transmitted in response to the registration request); receiving, from the UE, a registration complete message (FIG. 6 S612 and [0420], [0424] disclose that, after receiving a registration accept message, the AMF receives a registration complete message from the UE to complete the registration procedure); and
performing a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure ([0128] discloses a Network Slice-Specific Authentication and Authorization (NSSAA) procedure, [0306] discloses performing the NSSAA procedure during a registration-related procedure with the network/AMF);
performing the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination ([0094], [0245] disclose that the registration procedure includes an authentication and authorization procedure, [0064] further discloses that the AMF performs access authentication and authorization functions for the UE during the registration procedure, and [0419] discloses that the AMF performs processing based on received identification information, subscriber information, capability information, and network state, thereby making a determination).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the registration procedure as taught by KUGE within the system of ZHANG and Ryu. One would have been motivated to do so in order to support Enhancement of Network Slicing (eNS) and enhanced Non-Public Network (eNPN) in the 5G System with a low latency function (KUGE [0013]).
However, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE does not teach wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, 3GPP teaches wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service (Page 8; FIG. 5.2.1.1-1, steps 1, 3-4a disclose that the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID in a Registration Request for UAS service, UUAA is triggered only if the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID and has a valid Aerial UE subscription, and the AMF returns a Registration Accept message to the UE).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a registration procedure as taught by 3GPP within the system of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE. One would with have been motivated to do so in order to improve UAS service security for system reliability (3GPP [page 7]).
Regarding claim 32, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the CAA level UAV ID is received for the UAS service ([0226] the wireless device sends a registration request message to the AMF via the base station. The registration request message comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0228] the subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the CAA UAV identifier as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 33, ZHANG teaches an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity in a wireless communication system ([0211] Fig. 6 The communication apparatus 60), the AMF entity comprising:
a transceiver (Fig. 6 sending unit 601, receiving unit 603); and
a controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to (FIG. 6 processing unit 602):
receive, from a user equipment (UE), a registration request message for a registration procedure for an uncrewed aerial system (UAS) service ([0185] FIG. 5 step S501 for unauthorized uncrewed aerial vehicle),
receive, from a unified data management (UDM) entity, a UE subscription data associated with the UE ([0140] the AMF receives a subscription data response message from the UDM, where the subscription data response message includes the subscription data of the user equipment),
identify whether an aerial subscription is included in the UE subscription data ([0110] mobility attribute information of the user equipment does not match mobility attribute information allowed by subscription information, [0147] registered for uncrewed aerial system communication but a mobility attribute does not meet a mobility attribute allowed by subscription data),
transmit, to the UE, a registration reject message as a response to the first registration request message ([0150] the AMF sends the restriction indication message, restricting is understood as rejecting data sending and receiving of the user equipment, [0182] if the AMF identifies unauthorized FIG. 3 S207 is performed, send restriction indication message) in case that the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data ([0147] a mobility attribute of the user equipment does not meet a mobility attribute allowed by subscription data), wherein the registration reject message includes first information indicating that the UAS service is not allowed ([0176] the subscription data changes from originally-allowed flight to not-allowed flight, [0179] the tracking indication message indicates that the user equipment no longer has the uncrewed aerial system communication capability).
However, ZHANG does not teach determine that an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure is required for the UE, identify whether a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message; in case that the CAA level UAV ID is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data, transmit, to the UE, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled, in case that the UAS service becomes enabled based on the aerial subscription being included in updated UE subscription data; receive, from the UE, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service based on the second information, wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID, transmit, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; receive, from the UE, a registration complete message, perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure; and perform the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, Ryu teaches determine that an authentication and authorization (AA) procedure is required for the UE (FIG. 19; [0226] the registration request message from the UE comprises a UAS service capability and a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0229] in response to receiving UE context response information including subscription information, the AMF determines whether an authentication and/or authorization for the UAS service is required),
identify whether a civil aviation administration (CAA) level uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) identity (ID) is included in the registration request message ([0226] discloses a registration request message may include a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0227]-[0229] disclose that the AMF/UDM processes the CAA UAV identifier and determines UAS subscription/authentication requirements based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier);
in case that the CAA level UAV ID is included in the registration request message and the aerial subscription is not included in the UE subscription data ([0226] discloses a registration request message including a CAA-level UAV identifier, [0228] discloses determining UE subscription information based on the presence of the CAA UAV identifier, wherein the subscription information indicates whether the UE has an unmanned aerial service subscription and is allowed to receive the UAS service),
transmit, to the UE, a UE configuration update message including second information indicating that the UAS service is enabled ([0235] discloses that the AMF/MME performs service-specific authentication and authorization procedure, [0277] discloses that, upon completion of the AA in the core network, the MME sends a NAS message comprising an indication that the AA is completed and UAS-related information, thereby indicating that the UAS service is enabled, [0272] discloses the MME updates the UE configuration based on the authentication result),
in case that the UAS service is enabled based on the aerial subscription being included in updated UE subscription data ([0169] subscription data of the UE is retrieved and updated when the subscription data changes, [0235] AMF performs a service-specific authentication and authorization procedure to determine whether a service is authorized. Accordingly, the service is enabled based on updated UE subscription data);
receive, from the UE, a mobility registration update message for the UAS service based on the second information ([0277] the UE receives a NAS message including UAS-related information and an indication of authentication result, and [0145] transmitting a registration request during a mobility-related registration update. Accordingly, the UE transmits a mobility registration update message for the UAS service in response to receiving the second information),
wherein the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID ([0226] a registration request message transmitted to the AMF during registration comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier wherein the CAA UAV identifier may be a CAA-level UAV identifier. Accordingly, the mobility registration update message includes the CAA level UAV ID).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a NAS message as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
However, the combination of ZHANG and Ryu does not teach transmit, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message; receive, from the UE, a registration complete message, perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure; and perform the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination, wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, KUGE teaches transmit, to the UE, a registration accept message as a response to the mobility registration update message (FIG. 6; [0393],[0419] disclose that, during the registration procedure, the AMF transmits a control message to the UE, wherein the control message is a registration accept message transmitted in response to the registration request); receive, from the UE, a registration complete message (FIG. 6 S612 and [0420], [0424] disclose that, after receiving a registration accept message, the AMF receives a registration complete message from the UE to complete the registration procedure), and
perform a network slice specific authentication and authorization (NSSAA) procedure ([0128] discloses a Network Slice-Specific Authentication and Authorization (NSSAA) procedure, [0306] discloses performing the NSSAA procedure during a registration-related procedure with the network/AMF); and
perform the AA procedure for the UE during the registration procedure, based on the determination ([0094], [0245] disclose that the registration procedure includes an authentication and authorization procedure, [0064] further discloses that the AMF performs access authentication and authorization functions for the UE during the registration procedure, and [0419] discloses that the AMF performs processing based on received identification information, subscriber information, capability information, and network state, thereby making a determination).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the registration procedure as taught by KUGE within the system of ZHANG and Ryu. One would have been motivated to do so in order to support Enhancement of Network Slicing (eNS) and enhanced Non-Public Network (eNPN) in the 5G System with a low latency function (KUGE [0013]).
However, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE does not teach wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service.
In an analogous art, 3GPP teaches wherein, in case that the CAA level UAV ID of the UE is not included in the registration request message, a registration of the UE is accepted and the UE is not allowed to access the UAS service (Page 8; FIG. 5.2.1.1-1, steps 1, 3-4a disclose that the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID in a Registration Request for UAS service, UUAA is triggered only if the UE provides a CAA-Level UAV ID and has a valid Aerial UE subscription, and the AMF returns a Registration Accept message to the UE).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify a registration procedure as taught by 3GPP within the system of ZHANG, Ryu and KUGE. One would with have been motivated to do so in order to improve UAS service security for system reliability (3GPP [page 7]).
Regarding claim 35, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the CAA level UAV ID is received for the UAS service ([0226] the wireless device sends a registration request message to the AMF via the base station. The registration request message comprises a civil aviation authority (CAA) UAV identifier, [0228] the subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the CAA UAV identifier as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 36, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the controller is further configured to transmit, to the UDM entity, a request for the UE subscription data, in case that the registration request message is received from the UE ([0227] In response to receiving the registration request message, the AMF sends a UE context request message to a UDM (e.g., subscription server)), and
wherein the UE subscription data is received from the UDM entity based on the request ([0228] In response to receiving the UE context request message, the UDM sends a UE context response message comprising subscription information of the wireless device to the AMF).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the AMF as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 37, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches wherein the controller is further configured to, in case that the aerial subscription in the UE subscription data is updated to be allowed for the UAS service ([0148] AMF#2 further requests that the UDM notify AMF#2 if the subscription information of the UE changes, [0228] In an example, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information to the subscription information), receive, from the UDM entity, a UE subscription data including the updated aerial subscription ([0228] the UDM sends a UE context response message comprising subscription information of the wireless device to the AMF. The subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the AMF as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 38, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches transmitting, to the UDM entity, a request for the UE subscription data, in case that the registration request message is received from the UE ([0227] In response to receiving the registration request message, the AMF sends a UE context request message to a UDM (e.g., subscription server)),
wherein the UE subscription data is received from the UDM entity based on the request ([0228] In response to receiving the UE context request message, the UDM sends a UE context response message comprising subscription information of the wireless device to the AMF).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the AMF as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Regarding claim 39, the combination of ZHANG, Ryu, KUGE and 3GPP, specifically Ryu teaches in case that the aerial subscription in the UE subscription data is updated to be allowed for the UAS service ([0148] AMF#2 further requests that the UDM notify AMF#2 if the subscription information of the UE changes, [0228] In an example, if the CAA UAV identifier is present in the UE context request message, the UDM includes unmanned aerial service subscription information to the subscription information),
receiving, from the UDM entity, a UE subscription data including the updated aerial subscription ([0228] the UDM sends a UE context response message comprising subscription information of the wireless device to the AMF. The subscription information indicates whether the wireless device is allowed to get the UAS service).
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the
effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the AMF as taught by Ryu within the system of ZHANG. One would have been motivated to do so in order to operate with greater speed, coverage, security, and/or efficiency by using a data processing service (Ryu [0198]).
Conclusion
The following prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure:
US 2022/0277657 A1 (Xiang) discloses methods and apparatus for enhancing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) management using a wireless network.
US 2023/0133187 A1 (Ferdi et al.) discloses methods for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) authentication and authorization by a third-party service provider.
US 2023/0284030 A1 (Baskaran et al.) discloses methods, and systems are disclosed for UAS authentication and security establishment.
Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.
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/T.I./ Examiner, Art Unit 2413
/UN C CHO/ Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2413
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