DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Status of Claims
This Office Action is in response to the communication filed on 11/25/2025.
Claims 1, 6, 10, 15 and 19 have been amended.
4. Claims 1-23 are currently pending and are considered below.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 101
5. 35 U.S.C. 101 reads as follows:
Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title.
6. Claims 1-23 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. § 101 because the claimed invention is directed to an abstract idea without significantly more. Representative claim 1, recites a method, which is a statutory class, a method of moderating a page of a crowd-sourced Wiki via blockchain tracked cryptographic tokens comprising:
receiving, by the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki from a first user, one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki,
wherein the one or more content updates are associated with a first object,
wherein the first object includes a set of attributes, and
wherein the first user is identified by a first cryptographic identifier tracked
by a blockchain data structure;
generating a first blockchain transaction data based on the first object and the set
of attributes;
publishing the one or more content updates by the page of the crowdsourced wiki; and
in response to said publishing the one or more content updates by the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki, automatically minting a first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens as linked to the first cryptographic identifier of the first user as associated with the one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki, wherein automatically minting the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens comprises:
submitting, by a first miner associated with the first blockchain transaction data, the first blockchain transaction data to a miner mempool of the blockchain;
hashing the first blockchain transaction data into blocks with a second set of blockchain transaction data submitted to the miner mempool by an adjacent miner of the first miner;
appending the blocks to the blockchain data structure; and
generating the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens based on the first blockchain transaction data.
The steps of,
receiving, by the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki from a first user, one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki,
wherein the one or more content updates are associated with a first object,
wherein the first object includes a set of attributes, and
wherein the first user is identified by a first cryptographic identifier tracked
by a blockchain data structure;
generating a first blockchain transaction data based on the first object and the set
of attributes;
publishing the one or more content updates by the page of the crowdsourced wiki; and
in response to said publishing the one or more content updates by the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki, automatically minting a first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens as linked to the first cryptographic identifier of the first user as associated with the one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki, wherein automatically minting the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens comprises:
submitting, by a first miner associated with the first blockchain transaction data, the first blockchain transaction data to a miner mempool of the blockchain;
hashing the first blockchain transaction data into blocks with a second set of blockchain transaction data submitted to the miner mempool by an adjacent miner of the first miner;
appending the blocks to the blockchain data structure; and
generating the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens based on the first blockchain transaction data,
as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers a method of organizing human activity. Given the broadest reasonable interpretation, the claim recites a method for moderating a page of a crowd-sourced Wiki via blockchain tracked cryptographic tokens. The above identified method steps recite commercial interactions such as sales activities and/or tailored personalized marketing relating to improving timeline of events for product location pairs.
If a claim limitation, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers commercial interaction such as commercial interaction, then it falls within the “certain methods of organizing human activity” grouping of abstract ideas. Accordingly, the claim recites an abstract idea.
This judicial exception is not integrated into a practical application. In particular, the claim recites the additional elements of a processor, memory, a database, a machine learning model and network interface. The processor and the memory is recited at a high level of generality (i.e., as a generic processor performing a generic computer functions of receiving, one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki; generating a first blockchain transaction data; publishing the one or more content updates; and automatically minting a first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens: submitting, the first blockchain transaction data; hashing the first blockchain transaction data; appending the blocks to the blockchain data structure; and generating the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens) such that they amount to no more than mere instructions to apply the exception using generic computer components. Accordingly, these additional elements do not integrate the abstract idea into a practical application because they do not impose any meaningful limits on practicing the abstract idea. The claim is directed to an abstract idea.
The claim does not include additional elements that are sufficient to amount to significantly more than the judicial exception. As discussed above with respect to integration of the abstract idea into a practical application, the additional elements of a processor, memory, a database, a machine learning model and network interface amount to no more than mere instructions to apply the exception using generic computer components. The additional elements are similar to the additional elements found by courts to be mere instructions to apply an exception because they do no more than merely invoke computers or machinery to perform an existing process such as: a common business method or mathematical algorithm being applied on a general purpose computer (Alice Corp. Pty. Ltd. V. CLS Bank Int’l, 573 US 208, 223; Versata Dev. Group, Inc. v. SAP Am., Inc., 793 F.3d 1306, 1334); generating a second menu from a first menu and sending the menu to the second location as performed by a generic computer components (Apple, Inc. v. Ameranth, Inc., 842 F.3d 1229, 1243-44). Mere instructions to apply an exception using a generic computer component cannot provide an inventive concept.
Thus, considered as an ordered combination, the additional elements add nothing that is already present when the steps are considered separately. That is, a processor, memory, a database, a machine learning model and network interface, performing commercial interactions including: receiving, one or more content updates to the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki; generating a first blockchain transaction data; publishing the one or more content updates; and automatically minting a first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens: submitting, the first blockchain transaction data; hashing the first blockchain transaction data; appending the blocks to the blockchain data structure; and generating the first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens, amount to mere instructions to apply the steps to a computer comprising of a processor.
Thus, independent claims 1, 8 and 15 are not eligible.
Dependent claims 2-9, 11-18 and 20-23 further describe the abstract idea of
receiving edited content by the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki from a first user; publishing the content updates by the page; minting a first predetermined number of cryptographic tokens; receiving, an indicator of availability of a first object associated with the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki; recording, a link of the first object to the second user; receiving, a search query of the blockchain data structure; burning a second predetermined amount of cryptographic tokens; and transmitting requested search results of the blockchain data structure to the third user. Specifically, dependent claims 2 and 11 recite further comprising: receiving a content request of the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki by a second user; in response to said receiving the content request, burning a second predetermined amount of cryptographic tokens linked to a second cryptographic identifier identifying the second user; and in response to said burning, transmitting requested content of the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki to the second user. For example but for the “database, a memory that stores the crowd-source Wiki, a network interface to receive content updates associated with the page of the crowd-source Wiki, and a processor implemented host server to publish the edited content language in claims 1 and 10. The claim further describes the abstract idea because it describes the receiving of the content by a second user. Therefore, dependent claims 2 and 11 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 2 and 11, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 3, 12 and 20 recite “wherein a condition of said publishing is that the edited content must first be confirmed by a user other than the first user. This limitations further defines the same abstract idea in claims 1, 10 and 19. Therefore, dependent claims 3, 12 and 20 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 3, 12 and 20, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 4, 13 and 21 recite wherein the content updates must first be confirmed by a predetermined set of users other than the first user. This limitations further defines the same abstract idea in claims 3, 12 and 19. Therefore, dependent claims 4, 13 and 21 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 4, 13 and 21, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 5, 14 and 22 recite wherein said minting is further based on the edited content remaining unchanged for a predetermined period of time. This limitations further defines the same abstract idea in claims 1, 10 and 19. Therefore, dependent claims 5, 14 and 22 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 5, 14 and 22, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 6 and 15 recite receiving, by the blockchain data structure from a second user, an indicator of availability of the first object associated with the page of the crowd-sourced Wiki; and recording, on the blockchain data structure to a second cryptographic identifier associated with the second user, a link of the first object to the second user, as drafted, is a process that under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind or using pen and paper but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example but for the “a database, a memory that stores the crowd-source Wiki, a network interface to receive edited content associated with the page of the crowd-source Wiki, a processor implemented host server to publish the edited content and a blockchain explorer application to receive a search query” language in claims 1 and 10. The claims falls into the mental process grouping of abstract ideas. The additional limitations of dependent claims 6 and 15, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 7 and 16 recite “receiving, by a blockchain explorer application, a search query of the blockchain data structure by a third user, wherein the search query seeks requested search results indicating the availability and the links of the first object; in response to said receiving the search query, burning a second predetermined amount of cryptographic tokens linked to a third cryptographic identifier identifying the third user; and in response to said burning, transmitting requested search results of the blockchain data structure to the third user. For example but for the “database, a memory that stores the crowd-source Wiki, a network interface to receive content updates associated with the page of the crowd-source Wiki, and a processor implemented host server to publish the content updates language in claims 1 and 10. The claim further describes the abstract idea because it describes the receiving a search query , burning a second predetermined amount of cryptographic tokens and transmitting requested search results. Therefore, dependent claims 7 and 16 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 7 and 16, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claims 8 and 17 recite “minting a second predetermined number of cryptographic tokens as linked to the second cryptographic identifier of the second user.” For example but for the “database, a memory that stores the crowd-source Wiki, a network interface to receive content updates associated with the page of the crowd-source Wiki, and a processor implemented host server to publish the content updates language in claims 1 and 10. The claim further describes the abstract idea because it describes the minting a second predetermined number of cryptographic tokens. Therefore, dependent claims 8 and 17 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 8 and 17, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself.
Dependent claim 9, 18 and 23 recite executing a cryptographic transaction that shifts the link of the first object from the second user to a third user or a set of users. For example but for the “database, a memory that stores the crowd-source Wiki, a network interface to receive edited content associated with the page of the crowd-source Wiki, a processor implemented host server to publish the content updates and a blockchain explorer application language in claims 1, 10 and 19. The claim further describes the abstract idea because it describes the executing a cryptographic transaction. Therefore, dependent claims 9, 18 and 23 are considered patent ineligible for the reasons given above. The additional limitations of dependent claims 9, 18 and 23, when considered individually and as an ordered combination, do not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea itself. The dependent claims do not include additional elements that integrate the abstract idea into a practical application or that provide significantly more than the abstract idea. Therefore, the dependent claims are also not patent eligible.
Claims 1-23 are therefore not drawn to eligible subject matter as they are directed to an abstract idea without significantly more
Response to Arguments
7. Applicant’s arguments, filed on 11/25/2025, with respect to the rejections of claims 1-23 under 35 U.S.C. 101 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. See new rejection above with regards to the amended claims.
8. Regarding the rejection of claims 1-23 under 35 U.S.C. 102/103(a): No reference, alone or in combination, teaches or suggests the concept of the limitations of independent claims 1, 10 and 19.
9 The Examiner notes the following references:
10. Felsher et al. (U.S. Patent No. 8,316,237) talks about communicating information between a first party and a second party, comprising the steps of receiving, by an intermediary, an identifier of desired information and accounting information for a transaction involving the information from the first party, transmitting an identifier of the first party to the second party, and negotiating, by the intermediary, a comprehension function for obscuring at least a portion of the information communicated between the first party and the second party. The data transmission may be made secure with respect to the intermediary by providing an asymmetric key or direct key exchange for encryption of the communication between the first and second party. The data transmission may be made secure with respect to the second party by maintaining the information in encrypted format at the second party, with the decryption key held only by the intermediary, and transmitting a secure composite of the decryption key and a new encryption key to the second party for transcoding of the data record, and providing the new decryption key to the first party, so that the information transmitted to the first party can be comprehended by it (see at least the Abstract).
11. Yantis et al. (U.S. Pub. No. 2021/0326847) talks about a system for tokenizing tokens is disclosed. The system includes an interface that handles an identifier for a first token generates using a first protocol and a token generation system that generates a second token using a second protocol, the second token representing a defined quantity of the cryptocurrency represented by the first token. The system includes a linking system configured to generate a one-to-at-least-one link between the second token generated by the cryptographic token generation system and the first token, such that the second token provides a unique tokenization of the first token. The system includes a ledger update system that writes the second token to a cryptographic ledger in accordance with the second protocol. The system also includes a wallet-less token transfer system that facilitates exchange of the cryptocurrency between a first user and a second user without use of a digital wallet.
12. Third Party Certification of Agri-Food Supply Chain Smart Contracts and Blockchain Tokens (NPL) talks about every consumer’s buying decision at the supermarket influences food brands to make first party claims of sustainability and socially responsible farming methods on their agro-product labels. Fine wines are often subject to counterfeit along the supply chain to the consumer. This paper presents a method for efficient unrestricted publicity to third party certification (TPC) of plant agricultural products, starting at harvest, using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. The method is capable of providing economic incentives to the actors along the supply chain. A proof-of-concept using a modified Ethereum IGR token set of smart contracts using the ERC-1155 standard NFTs was deployed on the Rinkeby test net and evaluated. The main findings include (a) allowing immediate access to TPC by the public for any desired authority by using token smart contracts. (b) Food safety can be enhanced through TPC visible to consumers through mobile application and blockchain technology, thus reducing counterfeiting and green washing. (c) The framework is structured and maintained because participants obtain economic incentives thus leveraging its practical usage. In summary, this implementation of TPC broadcasting through tokens can improve transparency and sustainable conscientious consumer behaviour, thus enabling a more trustworthy supply chain transparency (see at least the Abstract).
13. Upon further search, the following prior art are:
14. Augustine et al. (U.S. Pub. No. 2022/0138640) discloses detecting a surge in load or value added to a network based on a threshold number (e.g., 3, 5, or another number) mints are triggered in a row at above a threshold block value target (e.g., 2×, 5×, 10×, or other multiple). In response to detecting a surge, a determination to mint may be timed, like paused, for a desired mint duration, like 24 hours. Thus, in response to detecting a surge, the next mint may be forcefully delayed until the desired minting period transpires after the last mint (see at least the Abstract).
15. Hung (U.S. Patent No. 11,962,700) discloses a method of securely distributing multi-tier multimedia contents on the Internet using a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) Blockchain and comprising the steps of: converting an original multimedia file into multiple data portions in the signal processing data splitting phase of the method; converting each of the multiple data portions into an encrypted data portion to generate a plurality of encrypted data portions and uploading the plurality of encrypted data portions to a storage cloud in the access control encryption phase of the method; storing the plurality of encrypted data portions on the storage cloud in the access control storage phase of the method; downloading and decrypting the plurality of encrypted data portions from the storage cloud to generate a plurality of decrypted data portions, and to reconstruct said multiple data portions of the original multimedia file based on the plurality of decrypted data portions in the access control decryption phase of the method; and reconstructing an appropriate multimedia data content from the multiple data portions of the original multimedia file depending on a user's tier level in the signal processing data merging phase of the method see at least Summary of Invention paragraph (4).
16. Bennett et al. (U.S. Pub. No. 2022/0036455) discloses detecting and tracking tainted cryptographic wallets. The method measures a wallet's propensity to engage in criminal or suspicious activity. Naturally, transacting with a criminal is tantamount either to funding crime or laundering its proceeds, so it is in our collective interest to identify—and then monitor or quarantine—any wallet with criminal association. The method also automatically flags risky withdrawal requests in real-time for further review before committing them to the blockchain. In some embodiments, the exchange can quarantine wallets at a certain AddressScore (see at least the Abstract).
Conclusion
17. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MARILYN G MACASIANO whose telephone number is (571)270-5205. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 12:00-9:00 pm.
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/MARILYN G MACASIANO/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3622 01/07/2026