Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/020,696

Transparent CNT Heaters for Laminated Glass

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Feb 10, 2023
Examiner
SAAD, ERIN BARRY
Art Unit
1735
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
72%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 72% — above average
72%
Career Allow Rate
903 granted / 1252 resolved
+7.1% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+11.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
39 currently pending
Career history
1291
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
44.4%
+4.4% vs TC avg
§102
23.1%
-16.9% vs TC avg
§112
28.1%
-11.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1252 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Election/Restrictions Applicant's election with traverse of group I in the reply filed on 1/16/2026 is acknowledged. The traversal is on the ground(s) that any search for group I will encompass a search for group II. Group III are largely overlapping with group I. This is not found persuasive because the application is a national stage application. For a restriction of a national stage, the groups are linked by a single inventive concept. The single inventive concept was found in prior art; therefore; unity was broken and the restriction is proper. The requirement is still deemed proper and is therefore made FINAL. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 2, 6-11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 2 is indefinite because it is unclear if “a second substrate” is the same “a second substrate” from claim 1 or if this is a different second substrate. For the purpose of examination, it is the same second substrate. Claim 6 is indefinite because it is unclear if the second substrate is required. Claim 1 states a protective coating and/or a second substrate. The second substrate is not required in claim 1. If it is not required in claim 1, is it now required in claim 6? The Examiner requests that the Applicant please clarify. Claim 7 is indefinite because it is unclear if the claim is required because it is a conditional claim based on the “when” statement. Are the limitations required? For the purpose of examination, the claim limitations are required. Claim 8 is indefinite because it is unclear what is meant by “wherein the heater has flexibility such that, having stability such that, if subjected to a strain of 6000 microstrain via a four-point bend test according to ASTM D6272A at a strain rate of 0.5 in/min, and released to no strain, there is less than a 5% change in electrical resistance”. The limitation “has flexibility such that, having stability such that” is confusing. Is this saying that the heater has flexibility and stability such that it meets the claimed properties? The Examiner requests that the Applicant please clarify. Furthermore, this claim is conditional. It is unclear if the claim is required because of the ”if” statement. For the purpose of examination, the claim is required. Regarding claim 9, the phrase "preferably" renders the claim indefinite because it is unclear whether the limitation(s) following the phrase are part of the claimed invention. See MPEP § 2173.05(d). Claim 9 is indefinite because it is unclear if the claim is required because it is a conditional claim based on the “if” statement. Are the limitations required? For the purpose of examination, the claim limitations are required. Claim 10 is indefinite because it is unclear if the second substrate is required. Claim 1 states a protective coating and/or a second substrate. The second substrate is not required in claim 1. If it is not required in claim 1, is it now required in claim 6? The Examiner requests that the Applicant please clarify. Claim 11 is indefinite because it is unclear if the claim is required because it is a conditional claim based on the “if” statement. Are the limitations required? For the purpose of examination, the claim limitations are required. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 1, 3-5 is allowed. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: prior art was not found that taught or suggested a heater as claimed that included in sequence, a first substrate, an adhesive layer, a layer comprising a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer, a CNT network layer, and a cover layer comprising a protective coating and/or a second substrate; and further comprising a conductor electrically connected to the CNT network layer so that a current can be passed through the CNT layer during operation. Claims 2, 6-11 would be allowable if rewritten to overcome the rejection(s) under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), 2nd paragraph, set forth in this Office action and to include all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ERIN B SAAD whose telephone number is (571)270-3634. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Thursday 7:30a-6p. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Keith Walker can be reached at 571-272-3458. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ERIN B SAAD/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1735
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 10, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 06, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
72%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+11.4%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1252 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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