Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/028,214

THERMAL HEAD AND THERMAL PRINTER

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Mar 24, 2023
Examiner
VALENCIA, ALEJANDRO
Art Unit
2853
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Kyocera Corporation
OA Round
4 (Non-Final)
42%
Grant Probability
Moderate
4-5
OA Rounds
2y 11m
To Grant
48%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 42% of resolved cases
42%
Career Allow Rate
567 granted / 1335 resolved
-25.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +6% lift
Without
With
+5.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 11m
Avg Prosecution
151 currently pending
Career history
1486
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.1%
-39.9% vs TC avg
§103
53.6%
+13.6% vs TC avg
§102
24.4%
-15.6% vs TC avg
§112
20.8%
-19.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1335 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Claim Objections Claim 10 is objected to because of the following informalities: “the lower surfaces of each of the first and second electrode” lacks antecedent basis. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: (a) A patent may not be obtained though the invention is not identically disclosed or described as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and the prior art are such that the subject matter as a whole would have been obvious at the time the invention was made to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which said subject matter pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10 are rejected under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) as being unpatentable over Li et al. (2021/0001640) in view of Ohnishi et al. (7,267,840). Regarding claim 1, Li teaches a thermal head comprising: a substrate (fig. 1, item 100); electrodes (fig. 1, items 300/312) located on the substrate and extending along a first direction (fig. 1A, horizontal on page) of the substrate; and a resistor layer (fig. 1, item 500) located on the substrate and on the electrode (see fig. 1); the electrodes are between the substrate and the resistor layer such that each electrode has a surface consisting of an upper surface in direct contact with the resistor layer and a lower surface in direct contact with the substrate (see fig. 1), wherein the electrodes comprise a first electrode (fig. 1, highest electrode 312 on page) and a second electrode (fig. 1, electrode 312 just below first electrode on page) arranged at a predetermined interval in a second direction (fig. 1, interval between electrodes 312 in vertical direction on page) intersecting the first direction. Li does not teach wherein the upper surface of the lower surface of the at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode has a second end portion; and the first end portion protrudes farther in the second direction than the second end portion. Ohnishi teaches this (Ohnishi, see fig. 6, Note that the prior art electrode 75 has same shape as the elected embodiment according to Figure 10 of the immediate application. Note also that, as previously explained, the recitation of terms “central portion” and “end portion” are broad enough to support any number of readings of the claims. That is, a “portion” of an electrode of any number of different shapes could be said to constitute a “central portion” or an “end portion” while other parts of the electrode could simply be ignored in the interpretation). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of invention to use the electrode structure disclosed by Ohnishi in the device disclosed by Li because doing so would amount to combining prior art teachings according to known methods to obtain predictable results. In other words, because Li does not go into detail about how exactly its electrodes are formed, it would have been obvious to one of skill in the art to look to Ohnishi for such a teaching. Upon application of the electrodes of Li in the manner disclosed by Ohnishi, all of the claimed limitations would be met. Regarding claim 4, Li in view of Ohnishi teaches the thermal head according to claim 1, wherein in the at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, a thickness of the resistor layer located on a central portion along the second direction is smaller than a thickness of the resistor layer located on an end portion along the second direction (Note that, upon applying the shape of the electrode disclosed by Ohnishi to the electrodes disclosed by Li, the resultant structure would meet the limitation). Regarding claim 5, Li in view of Ohnishi teaches the thermal head according to claim 1, wherein an unevenness of an interface between the upper surface of the at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode and the resistor layer is larger than an unevenness of an interface between the resistor layer and the substrate (Note that, upon applying the shape of the electrode disclosed by Ohnishi to the electrodes disclosed by Li, the resultant structure would meet the limitation. Also note that “unevenness” has not been defined and could mean any number of things). Regarding claim 7, Li in view of Ohnishi teaches the thermal head according to claim 1, wherein the substrate has a heat storage layer (Li, fig. 2, layer 200) on at least a part of an upper surface (Li, fig. 2, note that heat storing layer 200 is on upper surface of substrate 100); and the electrodes and the resistor layer are located on the heat storage layer (Li, see fig. 2). Regarding claim 8, Li in view of Ohnishi teaches a thermal printer (Li, fig. 6, item 200), comprising: the thermal head (Li, fig. 6, item 100) described in claim 1; a transport mechanism (Li, fig. 6, item 60) configured to transport a recording medium onto a heat generating part located on the substrate; and a platen roller (Li, fig. 6, item 50) configured to press the recording medium onto the heat generating part (Li, fig. 6). Regarding claim 10, Li in view of Ohnishi teaches the thermal head according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of each of the first electrode and the second electrode is in contact with the head storage layer (Li, fig. 2, Note that all electrodes 300 have lower surfaces in contact with heat storage layer 200). Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments have been fully considered and are persuasive. Therefore, the rejection has been withdrawn. However, upon further consideration, a new ground(s) of rejection is made in view of Ohnishi. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ALEJANDRO VALENCIA whose telephone number is (571)270-5473. The examiner can normally be reached M-F. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, DOUGLAS X. RODRIGUEZ can be reached at 571-431-0716. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ALEJANDRO VALENCIA/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2853
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Mar 24, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 03, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jun 03, 2025
Response Filed
Jul 14, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Sep 02, 2025
Interview Requested
Sep 09, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Sep 09, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Oct 01, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Oct 16, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Oct 16, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jan 19, 2026
Response Filed
Jan 28, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12600127
INKJET ASSEMBLY, INKJET PRINTING APPARATUS AND INKJET PRINTING METHOD FOR USE IN PREPARATION OF DISPLAY COMPONENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12583238
PAPER SUPPLY CONTROL DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12576644
RECORDING DEVICE AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING RECORDING DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12570101
RECORDING DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12558904
DROP-ON-DEMAND INK DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND METHODS WITH TANKLESS RECIRCULATION FOR CARD PROCESSING SYSTEMS
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

4-5
Expected OA Rounds
42%
Grant Probability
48%
With Interview (+5.9%)
2y 11m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 1335 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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