Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/074,446

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING EVOKED COMPOUND ACTION POTENTIAL (ECAP) FEATURES IN RESPONSE TO NEUROSTIMULATION

Non-Final OA §103§Other
Filed
Dec 02, 2022
Examiner
TEJANI, ANKIT D
Art Unit
3796
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Advanced Neuromodulation Systems Inc.
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
81%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 81% — above average
81%
Career Allow Rate
513 granted / 630 resolved
+11.4% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+16.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
51 currently pending
Career history
681
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.6%
-38.4% vs TC avg
§103
53.9%
+13.9% vs TC avg
§102
16.7%
-23.3% vs TC avg
§112
8.9%
-31.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 630 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §Other
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant’s submission filed on 02 January 2026 has been entered. Status of Claims Claims 1-20 are pending and currently under consideration for patentability; claims 1 and 11 have been amended. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments dated 20 January 2026 have been fully considered, but they are not persuasive or moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Applicant has amended the independent clams to further recite wherein the processing identifies evoked compound action potential features comprising discrete phases at different temporal-frequency space locations. The Examiner has addressed the amended limitations in the updated text of the rejection below. Applicant argues that Zhu does not disclose or suggest the use of contour analysis. Although the Examiner respectfully disagrees, the Examiner has relied upon the Osorio reference in the updated rejection below to read on this limitation, rendering moot Applicant’s arguments. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claims 1-4, 6, 7, 11-14, 16, and 17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhu (US 2020/0376263 A1) in view of Osorio (US 2011/0160795 A1). Regarding claim 1, Zhu describes a method of providing a neurostimulation therapy to a patient using an implantable pulse generator ([0030]), comprising generating electrical pulses by the IPG ([0031]) applying the generated electrical pulses to neural tissue of the patient using one or more electrodes of one or more stimulation leads ([0029], [0031]) measuring neural response to the applied electrical pulses through one or more electrodes of one or more stimulation leads using sensing circuitry of the IPG ([0038], [0041]) processing data reflecting the measured neural response into transformed data ([0071]) processing the transformed data to identify evoked compound action potential features in the neural response ([0041], [0071], figure 3) Regarding claim 1, Zhu does not explicitly disclose wherein the transformed data is in two-dimensions of frequency and time, using contour analysis, and wherein the processing identifies evoked compound action potential features comprising discrete phases at different temporal-frequency space locations. However, Osorio also describes a method of providing stimulation therapy to a patient ([0039]), including transforming data in two dimensions of frequency and time and identifying evoked compound action potential features in the neural response ([0042] - [0043]; figures 1-32 show various time-frequency maps), using contour analysis ([0015]), and wherein the processing identifies evoked compound action potential features comprising discrete phases at different temporal-frequency space locations ([0036], [0041]). As Osorio is also directed towards monitoring neural activity to stimulation therapy and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to incorporate a transformation and analysis steps similar to those described by Osorio when using the method described by Zhu, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting method to more accurately detect the ECAP features. Regarding claim 11, Zhu describes a neurostimulation system for providing a neurostimulation therapy to a patient ([0030]), comprising an implantable pulse generator for generating electrical pulses ([0030]), wherein the IPG comprises sensing circuitry for sensing neural activity of the patient in response to electrical pulses ([0038], [0041]) one or more stimulation leads with multiple electrodes for applying electrical pulses to neural tissue of the patient ([0029], [0031]) an external device adapted to wirelessly communicate with the IPG when implanted in the patient ([0030], [0033]), wherein the IPG is adapted to communicated data to the external device indicative of neural activity of the patient in response to one or more electrical pulses ([0030], [0033]) wherein the external device is adapted to process data reflecting the measured neural response into transformed data ([0071]) and to process the transformed data to identify evoked compound action potential features in neural activity of the patient in response to one or more electrical pulses ([0041], [0071], figure 3) Regarding claim 11, Zhu does not explicitly disclose wherein the transformed data is in two-dimensions of frequency and time, using contour analysis, and wherein the processing identifies evoked compound action potential features comprising discrete phases at different temporal-frequency space locations. However, Osorio also describes a method of providing stimulation therapy to a patient ([0039]), including transforming data in two dimensions of frequency and time and identifying evoked compound action potential features in the neural response ([0042] - [0043]; figures 1-32 show various time-frequency maps), using contour analysis ([0015]), and wherein the processing identifies evoked compound action potential features comprising discrete phases at different temporal-frequency space locations ([0036], [0041]). As Osorio is also directed towards monitoring neural activity to stimulation therapy and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to incorporate a transformation and analysis steps similar to those described by Osorio when using the method described by Zhu, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting method to more accurately detect the ECAP features. Regarding claims 2 and 12, Zhu describes displaying a graph of ECAP features to a clinician on a display of a clinician programmer device ([0088], computer; figure 1, clinician programmer 18). Regarding claims 3 and 13, Zhu describes processing data representative of the ECAP features to detect a change in posture by the patient based on one or more ECAP features ([0036], [0042]). Regarding claims 4 and 14, Zhu describes automatically modifying at least one stimulation parameter for patient therapy in response to detecting a change in posture by the patient ([0072] - [0073]). Regarding claims 6 and 16, Zhu describes detecting a change in relative position of a first electrode of a first stimulation lead to position of a second electrode of a second stimulation lead by processing data representative of the ECAP features ([0073]; figure 5B demonstrates that there are two leads). Regarding claims 7 and 17, Osorio describes wherein the processing the measured neural response comprises isolating discrete phases of an ECAP response of the patient ([0036], [0041]). Claims 5 and 15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhu in view of Osorio, further in view of Single (US 2017/0361101 A1). Regarding claims 5 and 15, Zhu in view of Osorio suggests the method of claim 1 and the neurostimulation system of claim 11, but neither Zhu nor Osorio explicitly discloses wherein the automatically modifying at least one stimulation parameter comprising modifying a stimulation amplitude to maintain stimulation by the IPG below a level that generates paresthesia in the patient. However, Single also describes a method and system for neurostimulation therapy, including modifying a stimulation amplitude to maintain stimulation by an implantable pulse generator below a level that generates paresthesia in the patient ([0005] - [0006]). As Single is also directed towards providing neurostimulation and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to maintain a stimulation level similar to that described by Single when using the method and system described by Zhu and Osorio, as doing so advantageously provides an effective yet comfortable stimulation to the user, as described by Single ([0006]). Claims 8, 9, and 18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhu in view of Osorio, further in view of McGinnis et al. (US 2007/0282217 A1). Regarding claims 8 and 18, Zhu in view of Osorio suggests the method of claim 1 and the neurostimulation system of claim 11, but neither Zhu nor Osorio explicitly discloses detecting morphology of the neural response of the patient that differs from an expected morphology to detect an undesired patient response to application of the generated electrical pulses. However, McGinnis also describes a method and system of measuring ECAP responses ([0005]), including detecting morphology of the neural response of the patient that differs from an expected morphology to detect an undesired patient response to application of the generated electrical pulses ([0058], [0061]). As McGinnis is also directed towards measuring ECAP responses and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to detect and compare neural response morphology, similar to that described by McGinnis, when using the method and system described by Zhu and Osorio, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting system to better evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment on the patient and recommend alterations in the treatment, if necessary. Regarding claim 9, McGinnis describes detecting muscle activation in response to the application of the generated electrical pulses according to the morphology of the ECAP features ([0009], [0039], [0087]). Claims 10 and 19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhu in view of Osorio, further in view of Montgomery et al. (US 2016/0051812 A1). Regarding claims 10 and 19, Zhu in view of Osorio suggests the method of claim 1 and the neurostimulation system of claim 11, but neither Zhu nor Osorio explicitly discloses, after isolating ECAP features in a frequency and time domain representation, transforming data indicative of the ECAP features into a one-dimensional time domain to form a reconstructed signal of ECAP values. However, Montgomery also describes a method and system of measuring ECAP responses ([0008] - [0009]), including transforming data indicative of the evoked response features into a one-dimensional time domain to form a reconstructed signal of response values ([0064]). As Montgomery is also directed towards measuring ECAP responses and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to form a reconstructed data set, similar to that described by Montgomery, when using the method and system described by Zhu and Osorio, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting system to compare the data in the time domain as well as in a time-frequency domain. Claim 20 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhu in view of Osorio, further in view of Dinsmoor et al. (US 2018/0078769 A1). Regarding claim 20, Zhu in view of Osorio suggests the neurostimulation system of claim 11, but neither Zhu nor Osorio explicitly discloses wherein the IPG is adapted to provided burst stimulation to the patient for neurostimulation therapy and to provide pinging pulses between therapeutic pulses of the burst stimulation to sense of responsive neural activity of the patient. However, Dinsmoor also describes a neurostimulation system configured to measure evoked responses and adjust therapy ([0005] - [0006]), including wherein an implantable pulse generator is adapted to provided burst stimulation to the patient for neurostimulation therapy and to provide pinging pulses between therapeutic pulses of the burst stimulation to sense of responsive neural activity of the patient ([0126]). As Dinsmoor is also directed towards a neurostimulation system and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to incorporate a pinging pulse similar to that described by Dinsmoor when using the system described by Zhu and Osorio, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting system to continuously monitor the nerve activity throughout an entire therapy protocol. Statement on Communication via Internet Communications via Internet e-mail are at the discretion of the applicant. Without a written authorization by applicant in place, the USPTO will not respond via Internet e-mail to any Internet correspondence which contains information subject to the confidentiality requirement as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 122. Where a written authorization is given by the applicant, communications via Internet e-mail, other than those under 35 U.S.C. 132 or which otherwise require a signature, may be used. USPTO employees are NOT permitted to initiate communications with applicants via Internet e-mail unless there is a written authorization of record in the patent application by the applicant. The following is a sample authorization form which may be used by applicant: “Recognizing that Internet communications are not secure, I hereby authorize the USPTO to communicate with the undersigned and practitioners in accordance with 37 CFR 1.33 and 37 CFR 1.34 concerning any subject matter of this application by video conferencing, instant messaging, or electronic mail. I understand that a copy of these communications will be made of record in the application file.” Please refer to MPEP 502.03 for guidance on Communications via Internet. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the Examiner should be directed to Ankit D. Tejani, whose telephone number is 571-272-5140. The Examiner may normally be reached on Monday through Friday, 8:30AM through 5:00PM EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, Applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the Examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Carl Layno, can be reached by telephone at 571-272-4949. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (in USA or Canada) or 571-272-1000. /Ankit D Tejani/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3796
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 02, 2022
Application Filed
May 28, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §Other
Sep 02, 2025
Response Filed
Oct 07, 2025
Final Rejection — §103, §Other
Jan 20, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 18, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 02, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §Other (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12599315
WEARABLE AND PORTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING CARDIAC PARAMETERS FOR DETECTING CARDIOPATHIES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12594017
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT SYSTEM, AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT RECORDING MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12551698
ELECTRICAL STIMULATION WITH THERMAL TREATMENT OR THERMAL MONITORING
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12543995
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SHAVING AN ANATOMICAL MAP
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Patent 12539081
DRINKING BEHAVIOR MONITORING DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 03, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
81%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+16.9%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 630 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month