Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 18, 2026
Application No. 18/077,522

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR SECONDARY BATTERY AND SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING THE SAME

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Dec 08, 2022
Examiner
LI, AIQUN
Art Unit
1766
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
SK Innovation Co. Ltd.
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
64%
Grant Probability
Moderate
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
86%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 64% of resolved cases
64%
Career Allow Rate
523 granted / 822 resolved
-1.4% vs TC avg
Strong +22% interview lift
Without
With
+22.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
43 currently pending
Career history
865
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
45.3%
+5.3% vs TC avg
§102
27.9%
-12.1% vs TC avg
§112
16.5%
-23.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 822 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on 16 March 2026 has been entered. The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Response to Amendment and Arguments Applicant’s amendment does not distinguish from US2019/0334161A1(Lee). Applicant’s arguments in light of the amendment have been fully considered but are not persuasive. Applicant argues that Lee does not disclose the claimed ratio of silicon-based active material to the carbon-based active material. The examiner disagrees. Lee expressly discloses that the carbon negative material and the Si negative material can be mixed in a ratio of 50:50 to 99:1 ([0061]), i.e. the ratio of silicon based material to the carbon based material is 1:99 to 50:50, which encompasses the claimed range and a prima facie case of obviousness exists. In re Wertheim, 541 f. 2d 257,191 USPQ 90(CCPA 1976). See MPEP 2144.05.I. Applicant argues that Lee does not teach the instantly claimed Relation, and the instantly claimed method of determining the distribution of the silica based material in the negative electrode. The examiner maintains that the claims are directed to a negative electrode, not a method of determining the distribution of the silica based material. Lee teaches the same silica based material and carbon-based material in the similar ratio as the instantly claimed thus inherently satisfy the claimed Relation. "Products of identical chemical composition can not have mutually exclusive properties." In re Spada, 911 F.2d 705, 709, 15 USPQ2d 1655, 1658 (Fed. Cir. 1990). A chemical composition and its properties are inseparable. Therefore, if the prior art teaches the identical chemical structure, the properties applicant discloses and/or claims are necessarily present. See MPEP § 2112.01. If it is the applicant’s position that this would not be the case: (1) evidence would need to be provided to support the applicant’s position; and (2) it would be the Office’s position that the application contains inadequate disclosure that there is no teaching as to how to obtain the claimed Relation 1 with only the claimed ingredients. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 Claims 1 and 4-8 stand, and new claims 9-12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lee. Lee teaches a rechargeable lithium battery comprises a negative electrode ([0025]), wherein the negative electrode comprises a negative active material, a binder and a conductive agent ([0005] and [0077]). Lee teaches that the negative active material comprises a carbon negative active material including crystalline carbon and a Si negative material including Si, a Si-C composite, SiOx (0<x<2), a Si-alloy ([0060]-[0062)], which meets the claimed carbon and silicon-based active material, respectively; the binder includes acrylic resins([0080]); and the conductive material is included in an amount of 1 to 5 wt.% which includes a single-walled carbon nanotube ([0064] and [0077]), which meets the claimed conductive material and amount. Lee further teaches the carbon negative material and the Si negative material can be mixed in a ratio of 50:50 to 99:1 ([0061]), i.e. the ratio of silicon based material to the carbon based material is 1:99 to 50:50, which encompasses the claimed range. One of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made would have found it obvious to include carbon-based material and silicon-based material at the instantly claimed range since it has been held that in the case where the claimed ranges “overlap or lie inside range disclosed by the prior art” a prima facie case of obviousness exists. In re Wertheim, 541 f. 2d 257,191 USPQ 90(CCPA 1976). See MPEP 2144.05.I. Generally, differences in ranges will not support the patentability of subject matter encompassed by the prior art unless there is evidence indicating such ranges is critical. See MPEP 2144.05, In re Boesch, 617 F2d 272, 205 USPQ 215 (CCPA 1980); In re Aller, 220 F2d 454, 456, 105 USPQ 233, 235 (CCPA 1955) and In re Hoeschele, 406 F2d 1403, 160 USPQ 809 (CCPA 1969). Regarding the claimed Relation 1, Lee teaches the carbon negative material and the Si negative material can be mixed in a ratio of 50:50 to 99:1 ([0061]), which is the same as the instantly disclosed(instant specification[0043]), and Lee teaches the same silicon based material and exemplifies the carbon negative material as artificial graphite ([0115] and [0062]), which is the same as instantly disclosed (instant Example 1), absent evidence to the contrary, one of ordinary skill in the art would have reasonable basis to expect that Lee’s negative electrode would naturally satisfy the claimed Relation 1 when measured using Versa 520 XRM equipment from Zeiss under similar conditions. "Products of identical chemical composition can not have mutually exclusive properties." In re Spada, 911 F.2d 705, 709, 15 USPQ2d 1655, 1658 (Fed. Cir. 1990). A chemical composition and its properties are inseparable. Therefore, if the prior art teaches the identical chemical structure, the properties applicant discloses and/or claims are necessarily present. See MPEP § 2112.01. If it is the applicant’s position that this would not be the case: (1) evidence would need to be provided to support the applicant’s position; and (2) it would be the Office’s position that the application contains inadequate disclosure that there is no teaching as to how to obtain the claimed properties with only the claimed ingredients. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to AIQUN LI whose telephone number is (571)270-7736. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 9:00 am -4:00 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Randy Gulakowski can be reached at 571-2721302. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /AIQUN LI/Ph.D., Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1766
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 08, 2022
Application Filed
Aug 07, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Nov 07, 2025
Response Filed
Dec 12, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Mar 12, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Mar 12, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Mar 16, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Mar 20, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 30, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
64%
Grant Probability
86%
With Interview (+22.5%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 822 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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