Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/077,671

Signal Generation Method, Signal Generation System, Electronic Musical Instrument, and Recording Medium

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Dec 08, 2022
Examiner
QIN, JIANCHUN
Art Unit
2837
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Yamaha Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
69%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
83%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 69% — above average
69%
Career Allow Rate
691 granted / 999 resolved
+1.2% vs TC avg
Moderate +14% lift
Without
With
+13.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
39 currently pending
Career history
1038
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
4.7%
-35.3% vs TC avg
§103
51.9%
+11.9% vs TC avg
§102
34.3%
-5.7% vs TC avg
§112
4.9%
-35.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 999 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 2. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention; or (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. 3. Claims 1, 6-8, and 14-16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Aoki (US 5403971 A). Regarding claims 1, 8 and 16, Aoki discloses a signal generation method and system implemented by a computer system, including computer programs encoded on a storage device (Abstract; Fig. 3), the signal generation method comprising: generating an audio signal in response to a manipulation of each of a first key (Fig. 2, with the previously key depression) and a second key (Fig. 2, with the presently depressed key, see also col. 1, line 51 – col. 2, line 3); and controlling generation of the audio signal based on a reference point that is a position of the first key (Fig. 2, where the reference point is the depressed position of the previously depressed key, see col. 3, lines 32-39) at a time point of a manipulation of the second key (col. 2, lines 26-56), based on the second key being manipulated during a manipulation of the first key (col. 6, lines 12-21). Regarding claim 6, Aoki discloses: wherein the audio signal includes: a first interval representative of a first sound corresponding to the first key, a second interval representative of a second sound corresponding to the second key, and an additional interval representative of an output of additional sound (e.g., pitch/level) between the first and second intervals, and wherein the method further comprises controlling audio characteristics of the additional sound based on the reference point (col. 2, lines 26-56). Regarding claims 7 and 14, Aoki discloses: wherein a first manipulation period of the first key and a second manipulation period of the second key overlap each other on a time axis (col. 6, lines 12-20). Regarding claim 15, Aoki discloses an electronic musical instrument comprising: a first key, a second key (Fig. 2), a detection system configured to detect a manipulation of each of the first and second keys (col. 2, lines 34-56); and a signal generation system, wherein the signal generation system includes: at least one memory configured to store instructions, and at least one processor (Fig. 2) configured to implement the instructions to: generate an audio signal in response to a manipulation of each of a first key and a second key; and control generation of the audio signal based on a reference point that is a position of the first key at a time point of a manipulation of the second key, based on the second key being manipulated during a manipulation of the first key (see discussion of claims 1, 8 and 16). Examiner’s Note 4. While there are related references that discuss generating audio signals in response to user manipulations, the prior art of record does not specifically provide teachings for the particularly claimed limitations including: a first interval representative of a first sound corresponding to the first key; a second interval representative of a second sound corresponding to the second key; and a transition interval between the first and second intervals, in which audio characteristics are transitioned from first audio characteristics of the first sound to second audio characteristics of the second sound, and wherein the method further comprises controlling a time length of the transition interval based on the reference point; wherein: the audio signal includes: a first interval representative of a first sound corresponding to the first key; a second interval representative of a second sound corresponding to the second key; and a transition interval between the first and second intervals, the transition interval being generated using a crossfade of: a first wave signal representative of the first sound; and a second wave signal representative of the second sound, and wherein the method further comprises controlling a time length of the transition interval based on the reference point. It is these limitations, as they are claimed in the combination recited in independent claim 1, 8 or 16, that would make the instant claims 2-5, 9-13 and 17-20 distinguish over the prior art of record. Contact Information 5. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JIANCHUN QIN whose telephone number is (571)272-5981. The examiner can normally be reached 9AM-5:30PM EST M-F. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Dedei Hammond can be reached at (571)270-7938. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JIANCHUN QIN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2837
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 08, 2022
Application Filed
Jan 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
69%
Grant Probability
83%
With Interview (+13.8%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 999 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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