Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/078,322

SELECTION OF MEDIA BASED ON EDGE VALUES SPECIFYING NODE RELATIONSHIPS

Non-Final OA §101
Filed
Dec 09, 2022
Examiner
SPIELER, WILLIAM
Art Unit
2159
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
IHEARTMEDIA MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC.
OA Round
7 (Non-Final)
74%
Grant Probability
Favorable
7-8
OA Rounds
2y 11m
To Grant
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 74% — above average
74%
Career Allow Rate
688 granted / 932 resolved
+18.8% vs TC avg
Moderate +10% lift
Without
With
+9.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 11m
Avg Prosecution
30 currently pending
Career history
962
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
22.8%
-17.2% vs TC avg
§103
30.7%
-9.3% vs TC avg
§102
18.5%
-21.5% vs TC avg
§112
16.5%
-23.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 932 resolved cases

Office Action

§101
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application is being examined under the pre-AIA first to invent provisions. Response to Arguments Applicant’s remarks filed 25 June 2025 have been fully considered. Section 101 Applicant’s arguments are moot in view of the new grounds of rejection. That being said, with respect to the basis of Applicant’s argument and the new grounds of rejection, an improvement to technology cannot rest solely in a recited abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.05(a). Section 103 Applicant’s arguments are persuasive. The grounds of rejection are withdrawn. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 101 35 U.S.C. 101 reads as follows: Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title. Claims 1-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 101 because the claimed invention is directed to a judicial exception without significantly more. As per claims 1, 8, and 15: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “generating blended relevance scores for the plurality of media items based on the popularity data and the acoustic similarity data,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “generating” encompasses a person forming a judgment as to the score based on popularity and acoustic similarity. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). The limitation, “populating the customized media station with selected media items based on the blended relevance scores and the seed media item,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “populating” encompasses a person forming a judgment as to which items to include in the customized media station based on the scores. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a). These abstract ideas can be considered together as a single abstract idea, e.g., forming a judgment as to what songs to put on a playlist considering both acoustic similarity and popularity. MPEP § 2106.04(II)(B). This falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). The abstract idea of forming a judgment as to what songs to put on a playlist considering both acoustic similarity and popularity is not integrated into a practical application. The additional element, “obtaining, from a first data source, popularity data for a plurality of media items, the popularity data determined by scraping web pages to determine a number of mentions of the plurality of media items” is insignificant extra-solution activity as mere data gathering. MPEP § 2106.05(g). The additional element, “obtaining, from a second data source, acoustic similarity data indicating acoustic similarities between the plurality of media items,” is insignificant extra-solution activity as mere data gathering. MPEP § 2106.05(g). The additional element, “obtaining, from a media consumer, user input indicating a seed media item for a customized media station,” is insignificant extra-solution activity as mere data gathering. MPEP § 2106.05(g). The additional element, “transmitting the customized media station to the media consumer,” is insignificant extra-solution activity as mere data output. MPEP § 2106.05(g). As an ordered combination, the invention generally links the abstract idea of collecting information, analyzing it, and displaying certain results of the collection and analysis to the technological field of streaming playlists. MPEP § 2106.05(h). Accordingly, the additional elements, individually or in combination, do not integrate the abstract idea into a practical application, even viewing the claim(s) as a whole, and therefore the claim is directed to an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(d). As discussed above with respect to integration of the abstract idea into a practical application, the conclusions for the additional elements being generic computer components and mere instructions to apply on a computer, insignificant extra-solution activity, and/or mere field of use limitations are carried over and these additional elements do not provide significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.05(II). In re-evaluating the limitations that are insignificant extra-solution activity, the following limitations represent elements that have been recognized as well-understood, routine, conventional activity within the field of computer functions: The additional element, “obtaining, from a first data source, popularity data for a plurality of media items, the popularity data determined by scraping web pages to determine a number of mentions of the plurality of media items” is well-understood, routine, and conventional activity because it is receiving and transmitting data in a manner that is recited at a high level of generality similar to the activity of receiving or transmitting data over a network. MPEP §§ 2106.07(a)(III)(B), 2106.05(d)(II); see OIP Techs., Inc., v. Amazon.com, Inc., 788 F.3d 1359, 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2015). The additional element, “obtaining, from a second data source, acoustic similarity data indicating acoustic similarities between the plurality of media items,” is well-understood, routine, and conventional activity because it is receiving and transmitting data in a manner that is recited at a high level of generality similar to the activity of receiving or transmitting data over a network. MPEP §§ 2106.07(a)(III)(B), 2106.05(d)(II); see OIP Techs., Inc., v. Amazon.com, Inc., 788 F.3d 1359, 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2015). The additional element, “obtaining, from a media consumer, user input indicating a seed media item for a customized media station,” is well-understood, routine, and conventional activity because it is receiving and transmitting data in a manner that is recited at a high level of generality similar to the activity of receiving or transmitting data over a network. MPEP §§ 2106.07(a)(III)(B), 2106.05(d)(II); see OIP Techs., Inc., v. Amazon.com, Inc., 788 F.3d 1359, 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2015). The additional element, “transmitting the customized media station to the media consumer,” is well-understood, routine, and conventional activity because it is receiving and transmitting data in a manner that is recited at a high level of generality similar to the activity of receiving or transmitting data over a network. MPEP §§ 2106.07(a)(III)(B), 2106.05(d)(II); see OIP Techs., Inc., v. Amazon.com, Inc., 788 F.3d 1359, 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2015). As an ordered combination, the claim simply appends well-understood, routine, conventional activities previously known to the industry, specified at a high level of generality, to the abstract idea of forming a judgment as to what songs to put on a playlist considering both acoustic similarity and popularity because the claim as a whole amounts to nothing more than generic computer functions merely used to implement the abstract idea. MPEP §§ 2106.07(a)(III)(B), 2106.05(d)(II); see BASCOM Global Internet Servs. v. AT&T Mobility LLC, 827 F.3d 1341, 1349 (Fed. Cir. 2016). Accordingly, the claim(s) does not recite additional elements, either individually or in combination, that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.05. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 2, 9, and 16: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “generating a first data structure including a first node within the first data structure and a second node within the first data structure, the first node within the first data structure corresponding to a first media item of the plurality of media items, and the second node within first data structure corresponding to a second media item of the plurality of media items,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “generating” encompasses a person forming a judgment how to represent the nodes using pen and paper. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). The limitation, “assigning a blended relevance score to an edge between the first node within the first data structure and the second node within the first data structure,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “assigning” encompasses a person forming a judgment how to record the weights using pen and paper. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 3 and 10: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “determining the blended relevance score, at least in part, on whether the first media item and the second media item are included on a same media album,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. Nothing in the claim element precludes the step from practically being performed in the mind. For example, in the context of this limitation, “determining” encompasses a person forming a judgment as to whether two songs are on the same album. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 4, 11, and 17: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “building a plurality of second data structures including nodes corresponding to data from different data sources,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “generating” encompasses a person forming a judgment how to represent the nodes using pen and paper. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 5, 12, and 18: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “the nodes of different second data structures of the plurality of second data structures correspond to different types of data associated with the plurality of media items,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “generating” encompasses a person forming a judgment how to represent the types as nodes using pen and paper. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 6, 13, and 19: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “a first node within a particular second data structure corresponds to a first artist, and a second node within the particular second data structure corresponds to a second artist,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “generating” encompasses a person forming a judgment how to represent relationships between artists as nodes using pen and paper. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. As per claims 7, 14, and 20: The claim(s) recites an abstract idea. The limitation, “assigning a value to an edge between the first node within the particular second data structure and the second node within the particular second data structure the value determined based on how frequently the first artist and the second artist are referenced together on one or more websites,” as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components. For example, in the context of this limitation, “assigning” and “determining” encompasses a person forming a judgment as to how often two artists are referenced together. This limitation therefore falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. MPEP § 2106.04(a)(2)(III). Accordingly, the claim(s) recites an abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.04(a). As the claim(s) recites no additional elements, the abstract idea is not integrated into a practical application, the claim is directed to the abstract idea, and the claim(s) does not amount to significantly more than the abstract idea. MPEP § 2106.07. Therefore, as the claim(s) is directed to an abstract idea and does not recite additional elements that amount to significantly more than the abstract idea, the claim(s) is not patentable. MPEP § 2106. Allowable Subject Matter The prior art does not teach or suggest the abstract idea of generating blended relevance scores for a plurality of media items based on popularity data determined by scraping web pages to determine a number of mentions of the plurality of media items and acoustic similarity data indicating acoustic similarities between the plurality of media items. Novelty is of relevance to subject matter eligibility, however. MPEP § 2106.05. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to WILLIAM SPIELER whose telephone number is (571)270-3883. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 11-3. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Ann Lo can be reached on 571-272-9767. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. WILLIAM SPIELER Primary Examiner Art Unit 2159 /WILLIAM SPIELER/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2159
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 09, 2022
Application Filed
Jan 19, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §101
Apr 25, 2024
Response Filed
Apr 30, 2024
Final Rejection — §101
Jul 05, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Jul 10, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Jul 23, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §101
Oct 11, 2024
Response Filed
Oct 24, 2024
Final Rejection — §101
Dec 30, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Jan 06, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 27, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §101
Jun 26, 2025
Response Filed
Jul 14, 2025
Final Rejection — §101
Oct 07, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Oct 14, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 23, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §101 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

7-8
Expected OA Rounds
74%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+9.7%)
2y 11m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 932 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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