Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/084,706

ROLLING MASTER WITH KINGPIN AXIS AND STEERING TO CALIBRATE WHEEL ALIGNMENT STATIONS

Non-Final OA §102§103§112
Filed
Feb 17, 2023
Examiner
GUADALUPE, YARITZA
Art Unit
2855
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Volvo Car Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
82%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
97%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 82% — above average
82%
Career Allow Rate
943 granted / 1143 resolved
+14.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +15% lift
Without
With
+14.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
20 currently pending
Career history
1163
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.9%
-39.1% vs TC avg
§103
37.8%
-2.2% vs TC avg
§102
47.5%
+7.5% vs TC avg
§112
7.1%
-32.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1143 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Priority Receipt is acknowledged of certified copies of papers required by 37 CFR 1.55. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on December 20, 2022 was filed in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Drawings Figure 1 should be designated by a legend such as --Prior Art-- because only that which is old is illustrated. See MPEP § 608.02(g). Corrected drawings in compliance with 37 CFR 1.121(d) are required in reply to the Office action to avoid abandonment of the application. The replacement sheet(s) should be labeled “Replacement Sheet” in the page header (as per 37 CFR 1.84(c)) so as not to obstruct any portion of the drawing figures. If the changes are not accepted by the examiner, the applicant will be notified and informed of any required corrective action in the next Office action. The objection to the drawings will not be held in abeyance. Abstract The Abstract filed December 20, 2022 has been entered. Specification The amendment to the specification filed February 17, 2023 has been entered. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1 – 11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 1 recites the limitation “A rolling master fixture for calibration of a wheel alignment station and/or measurement devices thereof” which is considered indefinite because the metes and bounds of the patent protection desired cannot be fully ascertained. The use of “and/or” is considered indefinite because it raises a question or doubt as to what particular measurement devices are required by the claims. Appropriate correction is required. Claims 2 – 9 are rejected due to their dependency on claim 1. Claim 10 recites the limitation “A method for calibrating a wheel alignment station and/or measurement devices thereof” which is considered indefinite because the metes and bounds of the patent protection desired cannot be fully ascertained. The use of “and/or” is considered indefinite because it raises a question or doubt as to what particular measurement devices are required by the claims. Appropriate correction is required. Claim 11 is rejected due to their dependency on claim 10. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1, 7 and 9 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Wang et al. (CN 113218671 A). With respect to claim 1, Wang et al. discloses a rolling master fixture (Figure 1) for calibration of a wheel alignment station and/or measurement devices thereof, the rolling master fixture comprising a support frame (1); two rear wheels (3) mounted to the support frame; two front wheels (2) mounted to the support frame through a front wheel mounting arrangement; and a steering arrangement (4, 41) for steering the front wheels. PNG media_image1.png 602 572 media_image1.png Greyscale Referring to claim 7, Wang et al. sets forth a rolling master fixture wherein the steering arrangement (4, 41) comprises a steering column (41) and a motor (i.e. robot 84) connected to the steering column (See Figure 9) for controlling steering of the front wheels. PNG media_image2.png 414 544 media_image2.png Greyscale In regards to claim 9, Wang et al. teaches a rolling master fixture further comprising a control panel (See Specification below) for controlling operation of the rolling master fixture and/or one or more components thereof, the control panel being in wired or wireless communication with the rolling master fixture and/or the one or more components thereof. PNG media_image3.png 412 894 media_image3.png Greyscale Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim 8 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang et al. (CN 113218671 A) in view of Liu et al. (CN 110044644 A). Wang et al. discloses a rolling master fixture as recited in paragraph above. Wang et al. does not disclose the aluminum frame as recited in claim 8. In regards to claim 8, Liu et al. teaches a fixture comprising a support frame (1) at least partly made of aluminum or aluminum alloy (See Specification below). PNG media_image4.png 476 920 media_image4.png Greyscale Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the invention to modify the teachings of Wang et al. by using aluminum or an aluminum alloy as taught by Liu et al. in order to provide an affordable, durable and lightweight frame. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 2 – 6 are would be allowable if rewritten to overcome the rejection(s) under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), 2nd paragraph, set forth in this Office action and to include all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claims 10 - 11 would be allowable if rewritten or amended to overcome the rejection(s) under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), 2nd paragraph, set forth in this Office action. Reasons for Allowance The following is an examiner’s statement of reasons for allowance: Claims 2 – 6 are allowable because the prior art fails to teach or suggest a rolling master fixture wherein the front wheel mounting arrangement comprises a physical king pin axis; wherein the physical king pin axis is provided with an opening at each end in combination with the remaining limitations of the claims. Claims 10 – 11 are allowable because the prior art fails to teach or suggest a method for calibrating a wheel alignment station and/or measurement devices thereof, the method comprising the steps of arranging a rolling master fixture in the wheel alignment station, and calibrating the wheel alignment station and/or the measurement devices thereof based on a comparison of the caster angle and king pin angle as determined from the measurements, using the wheel alignment station with calibration values of caster angle and king pin angle determined through probe measurements on the physical king pin axis in combination with the remaining limitations of the claims. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. The following references are considered relevant but fail to teach the combination as claimed: Naruse (US 7,415,770) discloses a wheel alignment apparatus comprising a frame but fails to teach a fixture with the combination as claimed. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to YARITZA GUADALUPE-MCCALL whose telephone number is (571)272-2244. The examiner can normally be reached Mon -Thu, 8:00am - 6:00pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Laura E Martin can be reached at 571-272-2160. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. YARITZA GUADALUPE-MCCALL Primary Examiner Art Unit 2855 November 4, 2025 /YARITZA GUADALUPE-MCCALL/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2855
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 17, 2023
Application Filed
Nov 05, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12601581
Generator Rotor Centering Device
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12603976
FOUNDATION PROJECTION LINE-DRAWING DEVICE AND A LINE-DRAWING METHOD FOR A SPORTS FIELD
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12595995
ELECTRONIC SCALE RULER AND VERNIER CALIPER, AND USE METHOD THEREOF
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12595994
SPOOLED MARKING APPARATUS AND METHODS THEREFOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12590790
MULTIFUNCTIONAL SPEED SQUARE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
82%
Grant Probability
97%
With Interview (+14.6%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1143 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month