Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/089,501

FUNCTIONALLY GRADED INDEX MOLD FOR CO-PACKAGED OPTICAL APPLICATIONS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Dec 27, 2022
Examiner
CHIEM, DINH D
Art Unit
2874
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Intel Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
72%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 72% — above average
72%
Career Allow Rate
388 granted / 535 resolved
+4.5% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+17.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
46 currently pending
Career history
581
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
52.8%
+12.8% vs TC avg
§102
35.7%
-4.3% vs TC avg
§112
8.6%
-31.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 535 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The prior art documents submitted by applicant in the Information Disclosure Statement(s) filed on 12/27/2022 have all been considered and made of record (note the attached copy(ies) of form PTO-1449). Drawings Thirteen sheets of drawings were filed on December 27, 2022 and have been accepted by the examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-9 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang et al. (US 2019/0113687 A1, herein “Wang”). Regarding claim 1-3, Wang discloses in Fig. 4, a package substrate, comprising: a substrate (substrate 405); an optical fiber (fiber 401) in the substrate (fiber 401 is laid under lid 411 which comprises hermetic sealing for the end of fiber 401 (Para [0045])); and a lens (407A) optically coupled to the optical fiber. PNG media_image1.png 390 497 media_image1.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention However, the lens (407A) in embodiment of Fig. 4 is not explicitly disclosed as a gradient index (GRIN) lens. Embodiment in Fig. 3 shows lens (323) is optically coupled to the optical fiber, wherein the lens is a GRIN lens for focusing optical signals from fibers (301) onto the reflector (327) (Para [0036]). The examiner takes OFFICIAL NOTICE that the index of refraction at a radial center of the lens that is higher than an index of refraction at the radial edge of the lens functions to focus the light emitted from the GRIN lens. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention the exchange the lens (407) the with GRIN lens (323) to increase coupling efficiency. One would be motivated to use a GRIN lens to efficiently couple optical beams. Regarding claims 4-6, Wang discloses the optical fiber is embedded in a buildup layer of the package substrate. The substrate may comprise glass or silicon. The fiber may be in a V-groove formed in the silicon substrate (Para [0059]). Regarding the limitation of a “core of the package of the substrate”, the examiner considers the substrate (405) wherein the fiber is disposed therein between the mirror (503A) and lid (411), thus the examiner considers Wang teaches the limitation as broadly recited in claim 5. Regarding claim 7, the GRIN lens in Fig. 3 is shown to have planar surfaces that are parallel with each other. Regarding claim 8, the lens is optically coupled to a photonics integrated circuit (PIC) (Fig. 5, photonic die 510). Regarding claim 9, Wang shows the plurality of lenses coupled to the PIC die (510) are within a footprint of the PIC. Claim 10 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang in view of Sochava et al. (US 7,257,142, herein “Sochava”). Wang discloses the invention of claim 1, however, Wang does not teach the package substrate is part of a computer system for personal computer or a server. Sochava teaches the semi-integrated designs for external cavity tunable laser receives a computer-based input with a software program running on a host computer (Col. 16, lines 4-17). Fig. 9 shows a communication system (900) in which an optical network is coupled to a plurality of data and voice subscribers lines by an optical mux-demux utilizing tunable semi-integrated external cavity tunable laser that may be tuned to a center frequency of any of the WDM channels (Col. 17, lines 47-52), and the mux-demux (912) couples the output to a single optical fiber for transmission (Col. 18, lines 39-44). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to recognize the package substrate of Wang is an opto-electronic integrated device that has numerous applications and one of the application is a mux-demux in a communications network as taught by Sochava. One would be motivated to integrated the package substrate device of Wang into a computer system to provide encoded and modulated communications signals. Claims 11, 15, 16, and 19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang in view of Fini et al. (US 2019/0384020 A1, herein “Fini”). Regarding claim 11, 15, and 19, Wang discloses an optical system, comprising: a photonics integrated circuit (PIC die 510); and a package substrate (substrate 405), wherein the package substrate comprises: an optical fiber (fiber 401); and the optical fiber is coupled to the lens by at least a mirror (403), wherein surfaces of the lens configured to be incident to light to or from the PIC, and wherein the PIC is optically coupled to the optical fiber by at least the lens. Wang does not explicitly teach, in the same embodiment, the lens with a radially graded index of refraction, and the lens configured to couple light to or from the PIC are substantially planar. Fini teaches fiber optic data communication systems wherein light is coupled from an optical fiber to a photonic chip and vice-versa. The embodiment in Fig. 1 shows a beam steering structure (101) as the substrate for the fiber alignment structure (111) disposed thereon. There alignment structure with optical fibers (109) are optically coupled to GRIN lens (106) (Para [0044]). The surfaces of the lens configured to be incident to light to or from the PIC (116) (Para [0042]) are substantially planar. The fiber optic data communication systems of Fini is provided on a board (1016). The examiner takes OFFICIAL NOTICE that GRIN lens have a radially graded index of refraction. PNG media_image2.png 351 802 media_image2.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to recognize the configuration of Fini would be modifiable to the package substrate of Wang since both are from the same field of endeavor. One motivation would be to allow optical signals to be vertically coupled through the vertical integration architectures of high speed chip packages. Regarding claim 16, Wang discloses the optical fiber is embedded in a buildup layer of the package substrate. The substrate may comprise glass or silicon. The fiber may be in a V-groove formed in the silicon substrate (Para [0059]). Claims 12-14 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang in view of Fini (herein “Wang / Fini”) and in further view of Baer et al. (US 7,002,754 B2, herein “Baer”). Wang / Fini teach the invention of claim 11, but Wang / Fini is silent to the composition of the GRIN lens as recited in claims 12-14. Baer teaches multiplayer polymer GRIN lenses shown here in replicated Fig. 9 of Baer. The lens comprises a first polymer (PC/PMMA 95/5, 95% polycarbonate and 5% polymethyl methacrylate) with a first index of refraction (n19) at a radial center of the lens and a second polymer (PC/PMMA 5/95, 5% polycarbonate and 95% polymethyl methacrylate) with a second index of refraction at a radial edge of the lens (n2). A gradient mixture of the first polymer and the second polymer is provided between the outer surface of the first polymer and an inner surface of the second polymer (a blend of 5/95 ratio by weight is in the outer surface and a blend of 95/5 ratio by weight is in the inner surface). The gradient from the first index of refraction to the second index of refraction is provided by a plurality of discrete polymer layers with different material compositions by altering the relative thickness of the alternating layers (A) and (B) from that in the multilayered polymer composite film (Col. 5, lines 20-26). PNG media_image3.png 426 612 media_image3.png Greyscale It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to recognize the teaching of Baer would be modifiable to the invention of Wang / Fini. The GRIN lens as taught by Baer may be a discrete optical element that can be incorporated into the chip package of Wang / Fini. One motivation for integrating the multilayer polymer lens of Baer is the flexibility in the focal properties of the lens that was not previously possible in a single lens production technique (Col. 3, lines 48-55). Claim 17 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang / Fini in view of Bowen et al. (US 2017/0261703 A1, herein “Bowen”). Wang / Fini teach the invention of claim 17, but Wang / Fini do not teach the PIC is electrically coupled to a compute die through an embedded bridge. PNG media_image4.png 425 591 media_image4.png Greyscale Bowen teaches an interposer with separable interface for coupling an optical conduit to an optical component. The optical component comprises a plurality of lenses for expanding (210) and focusing (252) the optical beam to and from the optical fibers (285) integrated within the interposer integrated with the PIC therein (Para [0012]). The PIC is electrically coupled to a compute die (microcontroller 293) through an embedded bridge (265). The first side (265a) contains pads for facilitating electrical connections to the supporting electrical circuit (190) and microcontroller (293). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention the interposer with embedded bridge of Bowen would be modifiable to the optical system of Wang / Fini since Bowen teaches the interposer with embedded bridge of Bowen is a separable interface that is by easily modified predetermined optical components and designs. One motivation Bowen teaches for incorporating the interposer with embedded bridge of Bowen is the silicon material used for the interposer would not interfere with the optical functions of the PIC or the thermal expansion that would interfere with optical alignments.(Bowen: Para [0006]). Claims 18 and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Wang / Fini in view of Sochava et al. (US 7,257,142, herein “Sochava”). Wang / Fini teach the invention of claims 11 and 19, however, Wang / Fini do not teach the package substrate is part of a computer system for personal computer or a server. Sochava teaches the semi-integrated designs for external cavity tunable laser receives a computer-based input with a software program running on a host computer (Col. 16, lines 4-17). Fig. 9 shows a communication system (900) in which an optical network is coupled to a plurality of data and voice subscribers lines by an optical mux-demux utilizing tunable semi-integrated external cavity tunable laser that may be tuned to a center frequency of any of the WDM channels (Col. 17, lines 47-52), and the mux-demux (912) couples the output to a single optical fiber for transmission (Col. 18, lines 39-44). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to recognize the optical system of Wang / Fini is an opto-electronic integrated device that has numerous applications and one of the application is a mux-demux in a communications network as taught by Sochava. One would be motivated to integrated the package substrate device of Wang into a computer system to provide encoded and modulated communications signals. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Erin D Chiem whose telephone number is (571)272-3102. The examiner can normally be reached 10 am - 6 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Thomas A. Hollweg can be reached at (571) 270-1739. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ERIN D CHIEM/Examiner, Art Unit 2874 /THOMAS A HOLLWEG/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2874
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 27, 2022
Application Filed
Aug 02, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 11, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
72%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+17.5%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 535 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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