Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/119,592

BIFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS AND PHARMACEUTICAL USES THEREOF

Non-Final OA §103§112§DP
Filed
Mar 09, 2023
Examiner
LEE, CHIHYI NMN
Art Unit
1628
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Risen (Suzhou) Pharma Tech Co. Ltd.
OA Round
4 (Non-Final)
34%
Grant Probability
At Risk
4-5
OA Rounds
3y 2m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants only 34% of cases
34%
Career Allow Rate
26 granted / 77 resolved
-26.2% vs TC avg
Strong +65% interview lift
Without
With
+65.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 2m
Avg Prosecution
57 currently pending
Career history
134
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.7%
-37.3% vs TC avg
§103
35.3%
-4.7% vs TC avg
§102
14.2%
-25.8% vs TC avg
§112
28.5%
-11.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 77 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112 §DP
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on September 17, 2025 has been entered. Election/Restrictions Applicant’s election without traverse of Group I, drawn to a compound of formula (I) (W-L-T), and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of formula (I); and a compound species having the structure of: PNG media_image1.png 353 666 media_image1.png Greyscale (see e.g., Compound 112 of Example 85 of the specification) as the compound species of formula (I) are maintained. Please note the elected compound species is a compound of Formula (I) PNG media_image2.png 20 57 media_image2.png Greyscale , wherein W has the structure of Formula (Ia) PNG media_image3.png 198 200 media_image3.png Greyscale ; X is N; PNG media_image4.png 154 137 media_image4.png Greyscale is PNG media_image5.png 198 248 media_image5.png Greyscale (i.e., R1 is -OH; R2 and R3 together with the phenyl-ring structure to which they are attached, form an substituted benzo-fused ring); L is PNG media_image6.png 119 223 media_image6.png Greyscale (i.e., L is PNG media_image7.png 32 88 media_image7.png Greyscale , wherein L1 is PNG media_image8.png 47 90 media_image8.png Greyscale [oxyalkyl group], L2 is PNG media_image9.png 65 102 media_image9.png Greyscale [heterocycloalkyl], and L3 is PNG media_image10.png 49 112 media_image10.png Greyscale [heterocycloalkyl], wherein p is 0. Claims 45-46, 48 and 66 remain withdrawn from further consideration pursuant to 37 CFR 1.142(b) as being drawn to a nonelected invention and species, there being no allowable generic or linking claim. Expansion of Election of Species Requirement A reasonable and comprehensive search of the elected species conducted by the Examiner determined that the prior art at the time of the present invention was such that it did not anticipate the elected compound species: PNG media_image1.png 353 666 media_image1.png Greyscale . In light of this discovery, a new search is conducted as necessitated by the amendments, and said search is expanded to the subject matter of the full scope of compound of formula (I) in addition to the compound species recites in claim 32. Status of Claims Acknowledgement is made of the receipt and entry of the amendment to the claims filed on September 17, 2025, wherein claims 1, 3, 8 and 32 are amended; claims 2, 4-7, 9, 11-31, 34-35, 37-44, 47, 49-65 and 67-91 are cancelled; claims 10, 33, 36, 45-46, 48 and 66 are unchanged. Applicant amends the recitation of L in the independent claim 1 shown as follow (see page 6-7 of the claims): PNG media_image11.png 331 650 media_image11.png Greyscale that looks like an underline; However, in view of applicant’s response filed on September 17, 2025, the Examiner has interpreted said underline to be a strikethrough, such that these L3 groups are deleted from the claim language. The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 32-33, 36, 45-46, 48 and 66 are pending. Claims 45-46, 48 and 66 remain withdrawn. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 32-33 and 36 are under examination in accordance with the elected invention and species along with the expanded compound set forth in the Expansion of Election of Species Requirement section above. Priority The instant application 18/119,592 filed on March 9, 2023 claims priority to, and the benefits of Foreign Application No. CN202210359996.X filed on April 6, 2022, and Foreign Application No. CN202211110187.1 filed on September 13, 2022. Receipt is acknowledged of a certified copy of foreign application No. CN202210359996.X filed on April 6, 2022 and CN202211110187.1 filed on September 13, 2022, which are both written in foreign language; however, based on the structure of compound species drawn therein, the Examiner noted the present application does not properly claim priority to the submitted foreign applications. Specifically, the foreign application No. CN202210359996. X only describes compound 1-58; and the foreign application No. CN202211110187.1 describes compound 1-160. Therefore, to the extent that the claims are drawn to the compound species of Formula (I) that is not a compound 1-160, the claims are not entitled to the benefit of both foreign applications, and will receive an effective filing date of March 9, 2023, which is the filing date of instant application; and to the extent that the claims are drawn to compound 59-160, the claims are not entitled to the benefit of foreign application No. CN202210359996.X, and will receive an effective filing date of September 13, 2022, which is the filing date of CN202211110187.1. If this copy is being filed to obtain priority to the foreign filing date under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) or (f), 365(a) or (b), or 386(a), applicant must also file a claim for such priority as required by 35 U.S.C. 119(b) or 365(b), and 37 CFR 1.55. If the application was filed before September 16, 2012, the priority claim must be made in either the oath or declaration or in an application data sheet; if the application was filed on or after September 16, 2012, the claim for foreign priority must be presented in an application data sheet. If the application being examined is an original application filed under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) (other than a design application), the claim for priority must be presented during the pendency of the application, and within the later of four months from the actual filing date of the application or sixteen months from the filing date of the prior foreign application. See 37 CFR 1.55(d)(1). If the application being examined is a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. 371, the claim for priority must be made within the time limit set forth in the PCT and Regulations under the PCT. See 37 CFR 1.55(d)(2). Any claim for priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) or (f), 365(a) or (b), or 386(a) not presented within the time period set forth in 37 CFR 1.55 is considered to have been waived. If a claim for foreign priority is presented after the time period set forth in 37 CFR 1.55, the claim may be accepted if the claim properly identifies the prior foreign application and is accompanied by a grantable petition under 37 CFR 1.55(e) to accept an unintentionally delayed claim for priority and the petition fee. Action Summary Applicant’s amendment to the claims and the specification overcome each and every objection previously sets forth in the Final Office Action mailed on June 17, 2025. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 32-33, 36, and 90 rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention are withdrawn in view of the claim amendments. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 32, and 90 rejected on the judicially-created basis that it contains an improper Markush grouping of alternatives are maintained, but revisited and modified in view of the claim amendments. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 33, 36, and 90 rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Ying et al. (WO 2023/081476 A1) are withdrawn in view of the claim amendments. Claim 32 rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Ying et al. (WO 2023/081476 A1), in view of Patani et al. (Chem. Rev., 1996. Vol. 96, 8: 3147-3176) are withdrawn in view of the claim amendments. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 32-33, 36, and 90 provisionally rejected on the ground of non-statutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1, 47-48, and 56 of copending Application No. 18/466,473 are maintained, but revisit and modified in view of the claim amendments. Claim Objections Claim 1 is objected to because of the following informalities: With regard to claim 1, the structure of “ PNG media_image12.png 91 224 media_image12.png Greyscale ” is recited twice in the E3 ligase binding group T shown below (see shaded): PNG media_image13.png 390 644 media_image13.png Greyscale , and that appear to be a typographical error. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION. —The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 3 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claim 3, the recitation of “X is a substituted carbon selected from the group consisting of CH, C-F…” renders the claim indefinite, because the term “unsubstituted” construed in view of paragraph [00132] of the specification refers to a compound or part thereof has no substituent except the undetermined chemical saturation of hydrogen atom; whereas the term “substituted” construed in view of paragraph [00130] refers to a parent compound or part thereof has at least one substituent group. In other words, the chemical saturation of a carbon atom with hydrogen is considered as part of the parent structure rather than a substituent according to the definition sets forth in the specification; and therefore, the claim recites the term “substituted carbon” include “CH” is not consistent with the definition sets forth in the specification, and the “CH” recites therein is considered to be broader than the limitation of “substituted carbon”. In addition, it is also not clear if applicant is intending to claim that the unsubstituted carbon is substituted a hydrogen atom, thus, said carbon atom has a total of two hydrogen atoms. To that extent, said substituted carbon violates the octet rule. In view of foregoing, the lack of clarity renders the claim indefinite, because one of ordinary skill in the art would not be reasonably apprised of the scope of the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(d): (d) REFERENCE IN DEPENDENT FORMS.—Subject to subsection (e), a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, fourth paragraph: Subject to the following paragraph [i.e., the fifth paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112], a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. Claim 8 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th paragraph, as being of improper dependent form for failing to further limit the subject matter of the claim upon which it depends, or for failing to include all the limitations of the claim upon which it depends. Regarding claim 8, the recitation of “ PNG media_image14.png 112 266 media_image14.png Greyscale ” in the claim fails to further limit the target group W of claim 1, because the independent claim clearly sets forth “ PNG media_image15.png 133 172 media_image15.png Greyscale PNG media_image16.png 125 390 media_image16.png Greyscale ” and cannot be one of these two structure recites in claim 8. Applicant may cancel the claim(s), amend the claim(s) to place the claim(s) in proper dependent form, rewrite the claim(s) in independent form, or present a sufficient showing that the dependent claim(s) complies with the statutory requirements. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 32-33 and 36 are rejected on the judicially-created basis that it contains an improper Markush grouping of alternatives. See In re Harnisch, 631 F.2d 716, 721-22 (CCPA 1980) and Ex parte Hozumi, 3 USPQ2d 1059, 1060 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1984). The improper Markush grouping includes species of the claimed invention that do not share both a substantial structural feature and a common use that flows from the substantial structural feature. A Markush claim contains an “improper Markush grouping” if: (1) The species of the Markush group do not share a single structural similarity,” or (2) the species do not share a common use. Members of a Markush group share a "single structural similarity” when they belong to the same recognized physical or chemical class or to the same recognized physical or chemical class or to the same art-recognized class. Members of a Markush group share a common use when they are disclosed in the specification or known in the art to be functionally equivalent (see Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 27, Wednesday, February 9, 2011, p. 7166, left and middle columns, bridging paragraph). The members of the improper Markush grouping do not share a substantial feature and/or a common use that flows from the substantial structural feature for the following reasons: Instant claim 1 recites “[a] compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, hydrate, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof: PNG media_image17.png 33 92 media_image17.png Greyscale … wherein: (i) W has a structure of Formula (Ia): PNG media_image18.png 233 249 media_image18.png Greyscale … ii) L is absent, or L has the structure of L1-L2-L3, which is: PNG media_image19.png 96 220 media_image19.png Greyscale ….; and iii) wherein the E3-ligase binding group T is: PNG media_image20.png 205 218 media_image20.png Greyscale …”. The Markush grouping of the compounds of Formula (I) with the combination of these different W, L and T moieties are improper, because the alternatives embraced by the Markush grouping do not share a substantial structure feature, and the alternated compound species do not a common use that flows from the substantial structure feature. Instant claim 32 recites “[a] compound which is: PNG media_image21.png 212 682 media_image21.png Greyscale … PNG media_image22.png 244 494 media_image22.png Greyscale ” that include a wide variety of alternated compound species that do not fall within the scope of instant Formula (I). The Markush grouping of these alternated compound species are so varied that they do not share a substantial structure feature, and a common use that flows from the substantial structure feature. For instance, the Markush grouping of compounds of Formula (I) includes a variety of compound species that do not share a substantial structure feature. The Markush grouping of compounds of Formula (I) includes a variety of E3 ligase binding group T, such as PNG media_image23.png 119 157 media_image23.png Greyscale , PNG media_image24.png 108 168 media_image24.png Greyscale and PNG media_image25.png 155 138 media_image25.png Greyscale that do not share a common structure feature. These E3 ligase binding groups only share the diformamide moiety (see the circled portion: PNG media_image26.png 105 78 media_image26.png Greyscale ) in common. According to Zhao et al. (J Antibiot (Tokyo), 2019. Vol. 72(4):241-245), compound 2, hydroxyiso-9-methylstreptimidone, having the structure of: PNG media_image27.png 302 702 media_image27.png Greyscale is a glutarimide antibiotics (see e.g., Figure 1; abstract). It is noted that the compound 2 of Zhao et al. shares the same common structure feature (diformamide moiety), but said compound exhibits different pharmacological properties (antibiotic activity) and that is not recognized to have E3-ligase binding activity. Therefore, it is not apparent that this common structure alone (diformamide moiety) contributes to the substantial structure feature essential for binding and recruiting of an E3 ligase. In addition, the Markush grouping of compounds of Formula (I) includes a variety of linker moiety L, such that L is absent or has the structure of L1-L2-L3, such as PNG media_image28.png 76 322 media_image28.png Greyscale and PNG media_image29.png 106 290 media_image29.png Greyscale that do not belong to the same recognized chemical class and do not share any single structural similarities. Furthermore, instant claim 32 recites vast variety of compound species, including compounds having the structure of: PNG media_image30.png 214 670 media_image30.png Greyscale (see page 17, the very first compound), PNG media_image31.png 213 504 media_image31.png Greyscale (see page 36, the 2nd compound), and PNG media_image32.png 175 499 media_image32.png Greyscale (see page 35, the very first compound). It is noted that these compound species alternatives do not share a substantial structure feature and a common use that flows from the substantial structural feature. In the present case, these compound species only share the structure of: PNG media_image33.png 187 179 media_image33.png Greyscale in common, and that does not constitute a significant portion of the compound as a whole. According to Wang et al. (WO 2021/041671 A1; cited in the previous Office Action), the compounds of Formula (I) PNG media_image34.png 149 140 media_image34.png Greyscale , including PNG media_image35.png 202 262 media_image35.png Greyscale (see e.g., p. 863, right column, 2nd row), bind to KRAS G12D and that inhibits the activity of KRAS G12D (see e.g., [0007];[0180]; Table 2); However, even though the compounds of Wang et al. share the same structure feature of: PNG media_image33.png 187 179 media_image33.png Greyscale , the compounds of Wang et al. only bind to KRAS G12D and does not recruit E3 ligase, promoting ubiquitination and degradation. Therefore, it is not apparent that this common structure alone (“ PNG media_image33.png 187 179 media_image33.png Greyscale ”) contributes to the substantial structure feature essential for the compound to give the claimed desired properties of recruiting an E3 ligase, promoting ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of KRAS-G12D. Same concept applies to the compound species of compound of Formula (I) noted above. Each of these findings demonstrates that not all members recited in the Markush grouping belong to the same recognized chemical class and these members do not share a common use. In addition, the alternated compound species fail to share a substantial structural feature that is essential for recruiting an E3 ligase to the KRAS-G12D protein, promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. In response to this rejection, Applicant should either amend the claim(s) to recite only individual species or grouping of species that share a substantial structural feature as well as a common use that flows from the substantial structural feature, or present a sufficient showing that the species recited in the alternative of the claims(s) in fact share a substantial structural feature as well as a common use that flows from the substantial structural feature. This is a rejection on the merits and may be appealed to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences in accordance with 35 U.S.C. §134 and 37 CFR 41.31(a)(1) (emphasis provided). Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed on September 17, 2025 with respect to the rejection of claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 32, and 90 on the judicially-created basis that it contains an improper Markush grouping of alternatives have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. In the present case, applicant amends independent claim 1 that changes the scope of Formula (I). Specifically, applicant deletes the previous recitation of R1, R2 and R3 from the targeting group W and added the new recitation of “ PNG media_image36.png 134 154 media_image36.png Greyscale is PNG media_image37.png 129 388 media_image37.png Greyscale ”; deletes the previous recitation of L1-L2-L3, and then specifically recites said structure is “ PNG media_image38.png 93 216 media_image38.png Greyscale … or PNG media_image39.png 104 235 media_image39.png Greyscale ”; and deletes the previous recitation of the E3 ligase binding group T, and then specifically recites said group is “ PNG media_image40.png 207 221 media_image40.png Greyscale … or PNG media_image41.png 142 138 media_image41.png Greyscale ”. Applicant further amends claim 32 to recite a list of compound species. Each of these findings demonstrate the amendments changes the scope of the claims, and that necessitates a modification of the rejection on the record. In Summary, applicant argues the claim amendments now limits the grouping of species to share substantial structure features as well as a common use that flows from the substantial structure feature; and therefore, applicant request withdrawal of said rejection. In response, applicant’s argument is not found persuasive. Even though the claim amendments narrow the scope of Formula (I) PNG media_image42.png 23 66 media_image42.png Greyscale recites in claim 1, the Markush grouping of these compound species of Formula (I) only share the Formula (Ia) PNG media_image43.png 174 179 media_image43.png Greyscale at the targeting group W in common, and that does not constitute a significant portion of the compound as a whole. The Markush grouping of compound species in amended claim 32 also includes a wide variety of compound alternatives that do not share a common structure feature that constitute a significant portion of the compound as a whole. For instance, said claim recites compounds having the structure of: PNG media_image30.png 214 670 media_image30.png Greyscale (see page 17, the very first compound), PNG media_image31.png 213 504 media_image31.png Greyscale (see page 36, the 2nd compound), and PNG media_image32.png 175 499 media_image32.png Greyscale (see page 35, the very first compound). It is noted that these compound species only shares the structure feature of: PNG media_image33.png 187 179 media_image33.png Greyscale in common. According to Wang et al. (WO 2021/041671 A1) recites in the rejection above, the compounds of Formula (I) PNG media_image34.png 149 140 media_image34.png Greyscale , including PNG media_image35.png 202 262 media_image35.png Greyscale (see e.g., p. 863, right column, 2nd row), bind to KRAS G12D and that inhibits the activity of KRAS G12D (see e.g., [0007];[0180]; Table 2). Even though the compounds of Wang et al. also share the structure feature of PNG media_image33.png 187 179 media_image33.png Greyscale in common, the compounds of Wang et al. only bind to KRAS G12D and does not recruit E3 ligase, promoting ubiquitination and degradation. Therefore, it is not apparent that said structure feature alone contributes to the substantial structure feature essential for the compound to give the claimed desired properties of recruiting an E3 ligase, promoting ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of KRAS-G12D. In addition, the Formula (Ia) at the targeting group W does not represent significant structural element shared by all the alternatives. Therefore, the rejection has been maintained, but revisit and modified in view of the claim amendments. Double Patenting The non-statutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A non-statutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on non-statutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a non-statutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13. The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer. Claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 32-33 and 36 are provisionally rejected on the ground of non-statutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1-3, 8, 16, 26, 28, 36, 38, 42, 47-48, and 56 of copending Application No. 18/466,473 (reference application). Although the claims at issue are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because the claims of reference application are drawn to a compound of formula (I) that overlaps in scope with the instant application. For instance, the claims of the reference application is drawn to a compound of formula (I) having the structure of: PNG media_image44.png 226 623 media_image44.png Greyscale (referred to herein as Compound 1)(see e.g., claim 47). The claims of reference application further teaches the compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, hydrate, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof: PNG media_image45.png 63 83 media_image45.png Greyscale where: T is an E3-ligase binding group; wherein the E3-ligase binding group T has the structure of: PNG media_image46.png 86 305 media_image46.png Greyscale , wherein Y3 is carbon or nitrogen (see e.g., claim 1). The claims of reference application are also drawn to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, hydrate, solvate, or stereoisomers thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent (see e.g., claim 48); wherein the composition is suitable for injection (see e.g., claim 56). In the present case, the difference between the compound 1 of reference application recited above and the claimed compound of Formula (I), specifically, the elected compound species of Formula (I) is that the compound of the reference application has a nitrogen atom rather than a carbon atom at the Y3 position of Formula IIIa shown below (see shaded): PNG media_image47.png 547 623 media_image47.png Greyscale . It would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the application was filed to modify the compound 1 of the reference application by substituting the nitrogen atom at the Y3 position with a carbon atom to arrive at the claimed invention. One would have been motivated to do so, because the claims of the reference application clearly teach the E3-ligase binding group T in Formula (I) with the structure of: PNG media_image46.png 86 305 media_image46.png Greyscale can have carbon or nitrogen at Y3. One would have a reasonable expectation of success to arrive at the claimed invention, because one would have reasonably expected that by the modified compound 1 of the reference application that substituted the nitrogen with a carbon at Y3 would have successfully arrive at a compound of Formula (I) useful for the same purpose; and therefore, by incorporating said modified compound 1 with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent would have successfully arrive at a pharmaceutical composition suitable for injection. Therefore, the claimed invention is prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the application was filed, absent factual evidence to the contrary. This is a provisional non-statutory double patenting rejection because the patentably indistinct claims have not in fact been patented. Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed on September 17, 2025 with respect to the provisional rejection of claims 1, 3, 8, 10, 14-15, 32-33, 36, and 90 on the ground of non-statutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1, 47-48, and 56 of copending Application No. 18/466,473 have been fully considered. In Summary, Applicant requests the double patenting rejections be held in abeyance until the identification of allowable subject matter. In response, since Applicant did not put forth any arguments specifically against this obviousness-type double patenting rejection, the rejection on the record has been revisited, reapplied and modified in view of the claim amendments of instant case and the reference application. Conclusion No claims are allowed. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Chihyi Lee whose telephone number is (571)270-0663. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday 8:30 am - 5:00 pm EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Amy L. Clark can be reached at (571) 272-1310. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /CHIHYI LEE/Examiner, Art Unit 1628 /JEAN P CORNET/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1628
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Prosecution Timeline

Mar 09, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 06, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112, §DP
Jun 14, 2024
Response Filed
Oct 07, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112, §DP
Mar 12, 2025
Response Filed
Jun 06, 2025
Final Rejection — §103, §112, §DP
Sep 17, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Oct 02, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 05, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112, §DP (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

4-5
Expected OA Rounds
34%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+65.2%)
3y 2m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 77 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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