Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/153,067

DYNAMIC HUMAN ANTIBODY LIGHT CHAIN LIBRARIES

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Jan 11, 2023
Examiner
BOESEN, CHRISTIAN C
Art Unit
1684
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Adagene Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
75%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 8m
To Grant
97%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 75% — above average
75%
Career Allow Rate
463 granted / 616 resolved
+15.2% vs TC avg
Strong +22% interview lift
Without
With
+21.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 8m
Avg Prosecution
22 currently pending
Career history
638
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
8.5%
-31.5% vs TC avg
§103
28.8%
-11.2% vs TC avg
§102
18.1%
-21.9% vs TC avg
§112
25.4%
-14.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 616 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION This Non-Final Office Action is responsive to the communication received 10/24/2025. Election/Restrictions Applicant has elected without traverse in the Reply filed on 10/24/2025 the following species: A. the VL amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO 28 (claim 69) B. an HVR-L1 that comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, an HVR-L2 that comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:9, and an HVR-L3 that comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:18 (claim 63) The Election Requirements are deemed proper and are made FINAL. Claims 63-83 are pending. Claims 63-83 are under examination in this Office Action. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 - (b) The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of the second paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ): The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 63-83 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which applicant regards as the invention. Claims 64-83 depend directly or indirectly from claim 63. Claim 63 is indefinite and vague in the recitation of Tables. See Ex parte Fressola, 27 USPQ2d 1608 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1993). MPEP § 2173.05(s) states the following: Where possible, claims are to be complete in themselves. Incorporation by reference to a specific figure or table "is permitted only in exceptional circumstances where there is no practical way to define the invention in words and where it is more concise to incorporate by reference than duplicating a drawing or table into the claim. Incorporation by reference is a necessity doctrine, not for applicant’s convenience." Ex parte Fressola, 27 USPQ2d 1608, 1609 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) (citations omitted). Correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112-1st paragraph (Written Description) The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(a): (a) IN GENERAL.—The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor or joint inventor of carrying out the invention. The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ): The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention. Claims 63-68 and 70-83 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), first paragraph, as containing subject matter which was not described in the specification in such a way as to reasonably convey to one skilled in the relevant art that the inventor(s), at the time the application was filed, had possession of the claimed invention. Claims 63-68 and 70-83 depend directly or indirectly from claim 63. The specification discloses chemicals, such as light chain variable region sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 28-50 which meet the written description and enablement provisions of 35 USC 112, first paragraph. However, claim(s) 63 is(are) directed to encompass derivatives, which only correspond in some undefined way to specifically instantly disclosed light chain variable region sequences. None of these derivatives, meet the written description provision of 35 USC § 112, first paragraph, due to lacking chemical structural information for what they are and chemical structures are highly variant and encompass a myriad of possibilities. The specification provides insufficient written description to support the genus encompassed by the claim. Vas-Cath Inc. v. Mahurkar, 19 USPQ2d 1111, makes clear that "applicant must convey with reasonable clarity to those skilled in the art that, as of the filing date sought, he or she was in possession of the invention. The invention is, for purposes of the 'written description' inquiry, whatever is now claimed." (See page 1117.) The specification does not "clearly allow persons of ordinary skill in the art to recognize that [he or she] invented what is claimed." (See Vas-Cath at page 1116.) With the exception of the above specifically disclosed chemical structures, the skilled artisan cannot envision the detailed chemical structure of the encompassed derivatives, analogs, etc., regardless of the complexity or simplicity of the method of isolation. Adequate written description requires more than a mere statement that it is part of the invention and reference to a potential method for isolating it. The chemical structure itself is required. See Fiers v. Revel, 25 USPQ2d 1601, 1606 (CAFC 1993) and Amgen Inc. V. Chugai Pharmacentical Co. Ltd., 18 USPQ2d 1016. In Fiddes v. Baird, 30 USPQ2d 1481, 1483, claims directed to mammalian FGF's were found unpatentable due to lack of written description for the broad class. The specification provided only the bovine sequence. Finally, University of California v. Eli Lilly and Co., 43 USPQ2d 1398, 1404, 1405 held that: ...To fulfill the written description requirement, a patent specification must describe an invention and do so in sufficient detail that one skilled in the art can clearly conclude that "the inventor invented the claimed invention." Lockwood v. American Airlines, Inc., 107 F.3d 1565, 1572, 41 USPQ2d 1961, 1966 (1997); In re Gosteli, 872 F.2d 1008, 1012, 10 USPQ2d 1614, 1618 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ("[T]he description must clearly allow persons of ordinary skill in the art to recognize that [the inventor] invented what is claimed."). Thus, an applicant complies with the written description requirement "by describing the invention, with all its claimed limitations, not that which makes it obvious," and by using "such descriptive means as words, structures, figures, diagrams, formulas, etc., that set forth the claimed invention." Lockwood , 107 F.3d at 1572, 41 USPQ2d at 1966. Therefore, only the above chemically structurally defined chemicals, but not the full breadth of the claim(s) meet the written description provision of 35 USC § 112, first paragraph. A search of the prior art fails to identify any examples of the light chain variable region sequences. The species specifically disclosed are not representative of the genus because the genus is highly variant. Applicant is reminded that Vas-Cath makes clear that the written description provision of 35 USC § 112 is severable from its enablement provision. (See page 1115.) Closest Prior Art The following is the closest prior art: Dennis et al. (05/18/2007) PCT International Patent Application Publication WO 2007/056441 A2 cited in the 3/7/2023 IDS (hereinafter known as "Dennis") represents the closest prior art. Dennis teaches a library of polynucleotides encoding a plurality of unique antibody light chains directed against a desired protein (see page 19 and the claims). Dennis does not explicitly teach an antibody heavy chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO 28. Conclusion No claim is allowed. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the Examiner should be directed to Christian Boesen whose telephone number is 571-270-1321. The Examiner can normally be reached on Monday-Friday 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM. If attempts to reach the Examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the Examiner’s supervisor, Heather Calamita can be reached at 571-272-2876. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice . /CHRISTIAN C BOESEN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1684
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 11, 2023
Application Filed
Dec 20, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §112
Feb 20, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Feb 20, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
75%
Grant Probability
97%
With Interview (+21.9%)
3y 8m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 616 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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