Prosecution Insights
Last updated: August 17, 2026
Application No. 18/207,031

ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTE ENCODING FOR AUTHORIZATION PROTOCOLS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Jun 07, 2023
Examiner
DADA, BEEMNET W
Art Unit
Tech Center
Assignee
International Business Machines Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
85%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
0m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 85% — above average
85%
Career Allowance Rate
789 granted / 933 resolved
+24.6% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+18.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 12m
Avg Prosecution
15 currently pending
Career history
944
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
15.5%
-24.5% vs TC avg
§103
29.9%
-10.1% vs TC avg
§102
31.8%
-8.2% vs TC avg
§112
5.2%
-34.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 933 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on June 07, 2023 has been considered. The submission is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Form PTO-1449 is signed and attached hereto. Drawings The drawings filed on June 07, 2023 are accepted. Specification The specification filed June 07, 2023 is accepted. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by Venkatesan et al. US 12,395,331 b2 [hereinafter Venkatesan]. As pe claims 1, 10 and 11, Venkatesan teaches a computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving, by a token service, an Attribute Based Encryption (ABE) authorization code having environmental attributes encoded therein [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; performing, by the token service, at least one test on the ABE authorization code using ABE decryption for determining whether the ABE authorization code satisfies a predefined policy that is based on the environmental attributes [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; and in response to determining that the ABE authorization code satisfies the predefined policy, issuing, by the token service, a token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claims 12, 19 and 20, Venkatesan teaches a computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving, by a computer, an Attribute Based Encryption (ABE) token having environmental attributes encoded therein [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; performing, by the computer, at least one test on the ABE token using ABE decryption for determining whether the ABE token satisfies a predefined policy that is based on the environmental attributes [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; in response to determining that the ABE token satisfies the predefined policy, authenticating the ABE token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; and in response to authenticating the ABE token, performing an action using the token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 2, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein at least one of the environmental attributes is selected from a group consisting of: Operating System (OS), user agent, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, time and/or date, encryption algorithm availability, browser information, subnet information, and Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) compliance information [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 3, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the ABE authorization code is in the form of an ABE key, wherein performing the at least one test includes attempting to decrypt an encrypted blob corresponding to the policy using the ABE key [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 4, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the ABE authorization code is in the form of ciphertext, wherein performing the at least one test includes attempting to decrypt the ciphertext using an ABE key corresponding to the policy [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 5, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the environmental attributes identify where and/or how the ABE authorization code was generated [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 6, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the environmental attributes identify where the ABE authorization code was issued to [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 7, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the token is an ABE token having second environmental attributes encoded therein, the second environmental attributes corresponding to the token service [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 8, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the token is an ABE token having second environmental attributes encoded therein, the second environmental attributes corresponding to a destination of the ABE token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 9, Venkatesan further teaches the method comprising: receiving, by a second computer, the token, wherein the token is an ABE token having second environmental attributes encoded therein; performing, by the second computer, at least one test on the ABE token using ABE decryption for determining whether the ABE token satisfies a second predefined policy that is based on the second environmental attributes [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]; in response to determining that the ABE token satisfies the second predefined policy, authenticating the ABE token; and in response to authenticating the ABE token, performing an action using the token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 13, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein at least one of the environmental attributes is selected from a group consisting of: Operating System (OS), user agent, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, time and/or date, encryption algorithm availability, browser information, subnet information, and Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) compliance information. As per claim 14, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the action includes forwarding the ABE token to a resource server with a request to access desired data from the resource server [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 15, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the action includes providing, by a resource server, access to desired data [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 16, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the environmental attributes identify where and/or how the ABE token was generated [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 17, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the environmental attributes encoded in the ABE token correspond to environmental attributes of a token service that issued the ABE token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. As per claim 18, Venkatesan further teaches the method wherein the environmental attributes encoded in the ABE token correspond to a destination of the ABE token [column 7, lines 5-65 and column 9, line 30-column 10, line 16]. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to BEEMNET W DADA whose telephone number is (571)272-3847. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 9am-5pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Amir Mehrmanesh can be reached at 571-270-3351. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. BEEMNET W. DADA Primary Examiner Art Unit 2435 /BEEMNET W DADA/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2435
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 07, 2023
Application Filed
Nov 21, 2023
Response after Non-Final Action
Jul 28, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §102 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
85%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+18.4%)
2y 12m (~0m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 933 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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