Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/207,536

ELECTRODE CATALYST LAYER, MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, AND POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Jun 08, 2023
Examiner
RHEE, JANE J
Art Unit
1724
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
Toppan Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
86%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 10m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 86% — above average
86%
Career Allow Rate
954 granted / 1110 resolved
+20.9% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+12.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 10m
Avg Prosecution
32 currently pending
Career history
1142
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
43.0%
+3.0% vs TC avg
§102
41.5%
+1.5% vs TC avg
§112
3.7%
-36.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1110 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. 1. Claim(s) 1-8,10-12 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a) as being anticipated by Matsubara et al. (JP2003123769 translation). As to claim 1, Matsubara et al. discloses an electrode catalyst layer for use in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (paragraph 0007), comprising: a catalyst material; a conductive carrier (paragraph 0010) that supports the catalyst material; a polymer electrolyte; and a fibrous material (paragraph 0007,0010,0014), wherein the fibrous material contains a material having a nitrogen atom (paragraph 0014), and, a content of the fibrous material (cellulose) in the electrode catalyst layer is 10 wt% which falls within the claimed range and therefore anticipates the range (paragraph 0026). As to claim 2, Matsubara et al. discloses, wherein an average fiber diameter of the fibrous material is 50 nm or more and 400 nm or less (paragraph 0014). As to claim 3, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein an average fiber length of the fibrous material is 1 pm or more and 100 pm or less (paragraph 0015). As to claim 4, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein the fibrous material contains a Lewis base having an unshared electron pair (paragraph 0014). As to claim 5, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein the fibrous material contains at least one of an electron-conductive fiber and a proton-conductive fiber (paragraph 0015). As to claim 6, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein the fibrous material contains the proton-conductive fiber (paragraph 0015). As to claim 7, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein a content of the proton-conductive fiber in the electrode catalyst layer is 1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less (paragraph 0026). As to claim 8, Matsubara et al. discloses wherein the electron-conductive fiber is a carbon nanofiber (paragraph 0011). As to claim 10, Matsubara et al. discloses an electrode catalyst layer for use in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (paragraph 0007), comprising: a catalyst material; a conductive carrier that supports the catalyst material (paragraph 0010);a polymer electrolyte; and a fibrous material, wherein the fibrous material contains a Lewis base having an unshared electron pair (paragraph 0014: wherein Silica/Alumina oxygens have nonbonded electron pairs to donate), and, a content of the fibrous material (cellulose) in the electrode catalyst layer is 10 wt% which falls within the claimed range and therefore anticipates the range (paragraph 0026). As to claim 11, Matsubara et al. discloses the electrode catalyst layer provided on at least one surface of a polymer electrolyte membrane (paragraph 0002). As to claim 12, Matsubara et al. discloses a polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising the membrane electrode assembly of claim 11 (paragraph 0001). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. 2. Claim(s) 9, is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Matsubara et al. in view of Hamada (WO2019151310). Matsubara et al. discloses the electrode catalyst described above. Matsubara et al. fail to disclose wherein the electron-conductive fiber contains at least one of a partial oxide of a carbonitride of a transition metal element, a conductive oxide of a transition metal element, and a conductive oxynitride of a transition metal element. Hamada teaches wherein the electron-conductive fiber contains at least one of a partial oxide of a carbonitride of a transition metal element, a conductive oxide of a transition metal element, and a conductive oxynitride of a transition metal element (paragraph 0030) for the purpose of providing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which have good adhesion at the interface between an electrode catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane (paragraph 0005). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time applicant's invention was made to Matsubara et al. with wherein the electron-conductive fiber contains at least one of a partial oxide of a carbonitride of a transition metal element, a conductive oxide of a transition metal element, and a conductive oxynitride of a transition metal element for the purpose of providing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which have good adhesion at the interface between an electrode catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane (paragraph 0005). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JANE J RHEE whose telephone number is (571)272-1499. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday (10-6:30). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Miriam Stagg can be reached at 571-270-5256. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JANE J RHEE/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1724
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 08, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 23, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
86%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+12.4%)
2y 10m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1110 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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