Prosecution Insights
Last updated: July 17, 2026
Application No. 18/251,524

SHORT FEEDBACK PROCEDURE FOR SIGNALLING MULTIPLE TECHNOLOGIES IN WIRELESS NETWORKS

Final Rejection §103
Filed
May 02, 2023
Priority
Nov 06, 2020 — GB 2017596.4 +1 more
Examiner
PASIA, REDENTOR M
Art Unit
2413
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Canon Inc.
OA Round
2 (Final)
80%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
1m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 80% — above average
80%
Career Allowance Rate
538 granted / 677 resolved
+21.5% vs TC avg
Strong +23% interview lift
Without
With
+22.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 3m
Avg Prosecution
27 currently pending
Career history
719
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.0%
-39.0% vs TC avg
§103
85.4%
+45.4% vs TC avg
§102
5.4%
-34.6% vs TC avg
§112
4.0%
-36.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 677 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
CTFR 18/251,524 CTFR 82841 DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status 07-03-aia AIA 15-10-aia The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA. Response to Amendment Applicant's amendment filed on 01/22/2026 has been entered. Claims 1, 4, 20-22 and 24 have been amended. No claims have been added. Claims 9, 19, 25 and 27 have been cancelled. Claims 1-6, 8, 10, 13-18, 20-22, 24 and 27 are still pending in this application, with claims 1, 4, 22 and 24, being independent. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1-6, 8, 10, 13-18, 20-22, 24 and 27 have been considered but are moot based on new grounds of rejections. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 07-06 AIA 15-10-15 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. 07-20-aia AIA The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. 07-20-02-aia AIA This application currently names joint inventors. In considering patentability of the claims the examiner presumes that the subject matter of the various claims was commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the claimed invention(s) absent any evidence to the contrary. Applicant is advised of the obligation under 37 CFR 1.56 to point out the inventor and effective filing dates of each claim that was not commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the later invention in order for the examiner to consider the applicability of 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) for any potential 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) prior art against the later invention. 07-21-aia AIA Claim (s) 1-2, 4-5, 10, 13, 15-17, 22, 24 and 26 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Shellhammer et al. (US 2022/0030572; hereinafter Shellhammer) in view of Cariou et al. (US 2021/0045095; hereinafter Cariou) . Regarding claim 1, Shellhammer shows a communication method in a wireless network (Figure 15 shows a method performed in part by an STA.), comprising the following steps at a polled station: receiving, from a polling station (Figure 1 shows an AP.), a trigger frame reserving a plurality of resource unit, RU, tone sets for responses by polled stations (Figure 15; Par. 0082, 0104, 0124; receiving, from an AP, a trigger frame used to solicit responses from legacy and non-legacy STAs. Trigger frame includes at least configuration information which may be used by a receiving device to configure an uplink (UL) PPDU to be transmitted responsive to the trigger frame 900. Such configuration information may include UL bandwidth, RU allocation, number of spatial streams, number of LTF symbols, and spatial reuse thresholds.), the trigger frame signaling one or more 802.11 standard versions defining compliant technologies being available at the polling station (Figure 15; Par. 0043, 0083-0084, 0127; a format of the PPDU to be transmitted may be indicated by the one or more bits in the common information field and the one or more bits in each of the one or more user information fields of the trigger frame, where the format of the PPDU is one of a legacy PPDU format (802.11ax) or a non-legacy PPDU format (802.11be).), determining at least one 802.11 standard version the polled station is compatible with from amongst the one or more signaled 802.11 standard versions (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; based on configuration information included in the trigger frame, an STA determines the format of the PPDU, i.e. legacy or non-legacy format, to be transmitted.), and sending a response in relation to the compatible 802.11 standard version or versions on a selected responding RU tone set (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; responsive to the configuration information, which includes the resource information. included in the trigger frame, an STA transmits the PPDU with an appropriate format.). Shellhammer shows all of the elements including the trigger frame and the response, as discussed above. Shellhammer does not specifically show a Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions . However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Cariou. Specifically, Cariou shows Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions (Figure 9; Par. 0102-0107; At block 910, the device may identify energy on the allocated tone-sets for each link that the STA MLD has a presence on. The presence on the set of communication links is announced in a link bitmap included in a user information field associated with the trigger frame. A bit in the link bitmap is set to 1 to indicate that information on a first link is being solicited. The trigger frame is a multiple link (ML) NDP feedback report poll (NFRP) trigger frame.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Cariou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Cariou, in order to provide motivation to solve the problem of low overhead acknowledgment (Par. 0025 of Cariou). Regarding claim 2, modified Shellhammer shows at the polled station, receiving, using one compatible 802.11 standard version, a subsequent transmission resource from the polling station (Shellhammer: Par. 0109, 0112-0113, 0118; The RU allocation subfield 1404 may carry 8 bits of information indicating one or more RUs to be allocated for the transmission of the solicited PPDU.). Regarding claim 4, Shellhammer shows a communication method (Figure 16 shows a method performed in part by an AP.) in a wireless network, comprising the following steps at a polling station: sending, to polled stations (Figure 1; STAs), a trigger frame reserving a plurality of resource unit, RU, tone sets for responses by polled stations (Figure 15; Par. 0082, 0104, 0124; receiving, from an AP, a trigger frame used to solicit responses from legacy and non-legacy STAs. Trigger frame includes at least configuration information which may be used by a receiving device to configure an uplink (UL) PPDU to be transmitted responsive to the trigger frame 900. Such configuration information may include UL bandwidth, RU allocation, number of spatial streams, number of LTF symbols, and spatial reuse thresholds.), the trigger frame signaling one or more 802.11 standard versions defining compliant technologies being available at the polling station (Figure 15; Par. 0043, 0083-0084, 0127; a format of the PPDU to be transmitted may be indicated by the one or more bits in the common information field and the one or more bits in each of the one or more user information fields of the trigger frame, where the format of the PPDU is one of a legacy PPDU format (802.11ax) or a non-legacy PPDU format (802.11be).), and receiving, from at least one responding station on a responding RU tone set, a response in relation to at least one signaled 802.11 standard version (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; responsive to the configuration information, which includes the resource information. included in the trigger frame, an STA transmits, to the AP, the PPDU with an appropriate format.). Shellhammer shows all of the elements including the trigger frame and the response, as discussed above. Shellhammer does not specifically show a Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions . However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Cariou. Specifically, Cariou shows Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions (Figure 9; Par. 0102-0107; At block 910, the device may identify energy on the allocated tone-sets for each link that the STA MLD has a presence on. The presence on the set of communication links is announced in a link bitmap included in a user information field associated with the trigger frame. A bit in the link bitmap is set to 1 to indicate that information on a first link is being solicited. The trigger frame is a multiple link (ML) NDP feedback report poll (NFRP) trigger frame.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Cariou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Cariou, in order to provide motivation to solve the problem of low overhead acknowledgment (Par. 0025 of Cariou). Regarding claim 5, modified Shellhammer shows at the polling station, providing, using one of the signaled 802.11 standard versions, subsequent transmission resources to responding stations related to the same signaled 802.11 standard version (Shellhammer: Par. 0109, 0112-0113, 0118; The RU allocation subfield 1404 may carry 8 bits of information indicating one or more RUs to be allocated for the transmission of the solicited PPDU.). Regarding claim 10, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the one or more 802.11 standard versions are signaled in a User Info field of the trigger frame (Shellhammer: Figure 10B; Par. 0089-0090; every trigger frame 900 configured in accordance with the non-legacy format may include at least one special user information field 932.). Regarding claim 13, Shellhammer shows wherein the signaling of the one or more 802.11 standard versions includes setting a respective bit of a bitmap to an enabled value for each of the signaled 802.11 standard versions, where the bitmap has a plurality of bits corresponding to the plurality of 802.11 standard versions respectively (Shellhammer: Figure 9; Par. 0083; the PHY version subfield 922 may include one or more bits indicating whether the trigger frame 900 is configured in accordance with the legacy trigger frame format or a non-legacy trigger frame format.). Regarding claim 15, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the trigger frame further signals a type of traffic data in relation to at least one signaled 802.11 standard version (Shellhammer: Figure 9; Par. 0085; the PPDU type subfield 926 may carry information indicating a type of PPDU to be transmitted by a non-legacy STA responsive to the trigger frame 900.). Regarding claim 16, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the plurality of 802.11 standard versions available at the polling station includes one or more of : High Efficiency, HE, technology compliant with 802.11ax standard version (Shellhammer: Par. 0043; legacy protocol pertaining to IEEE 802.11ax.), Extremely High Throughput, EHT, technology compliant with 802.11be standard version (Shellhammer: Par. 0043; non-legacy protocol pertaining to IEEE 802.11be.). Regarding claim 17, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the number of tones forming each RU tone set depends on the number of signaled 802.11 standard versions (Shellhammer: Par. 0109, 0112-0113, 0118; The RU allocation subfield 1404 may carry 8 bits of information indicating one or more RUs to be allocated for the transmission of the solicited PPDU. Accordingly, the 8 bits of information in the RU allocation subfield 1404 may be sufficient to support RU allocations for a full 320 MHz channel. In some implementations, the number of spatial streams subfield 1312 may carry 4 bits of information indicating a number of spatial streams on which the solicited PPDU is to be transmitted. In some implementations, the lower/upper 160 subfield 1314 may carry a single bit of information indicating whether the RU allocation indicated by the RU allocation subfield 1304 is associated with a lower 160 MHz segment or an upper 160 MHz segment of a 320 MHz channel.). Regarding claim 22, Shellhammer show a communication device (Figure 5B shows an STA performing in part the method of Figure 15.) comprising a processor (Figure 5B shows a processor.) configured for: receiving, from a polling station (Figure 1 shows an AP.), a trigger frame reserving a plurality of resource unit, RU, tone sets for responses by polled stations (Figure 15; Par. 0082, 0104, 0124; receiving, from an AP, a trigger frame used to solicit responses from legacy and non-legacy STAs. Trigger frame includes at least configuration information which may be used by a receiving device to configure an uplink (UL) PPDU to be transmitted responsive to the trigger frame 900. Such configuration information may include UL bandwidth, RU allocation, number of spatial streams, number of LTF symbols, and spatial reuse thresholds.), the trigger frame signaling one or more 802.11 standard versions defining compliant technologies being available at the polling station (Figure 15; Par. 0043, 0083-0084, 0127; a format of the PPDU to be transmitted may be indicated by the one or more bits in the common information field and the one or more bits in each of the one or more user information fields of the trigger frame, where the format of the PPDU is one of a legacy PPDU format (802.11ax) or a non-legacy PPDU format (802.11be).), determining at least one 802.11 standard version the polled station is compatible with from amongst the one or more signaled 802.11 standard versions (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; based on configuration information included in the trigger frame, an STA determines the format of the PPDU, i.e. legacy or non-legacy format, to be transmitted.), and sending a response in relation to the compatible 802.11 standard version or versions on a selected responding RU tone set (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; responsive to the configuration information, which includes the resource information. included in the trigger frame, an STA transmits the PPDU with an appropriate format.). Shellhammer shows all of the elements including the trigger frame and the response, as discussed above. Shellhammer does not specifically show a Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions . However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Cariou. Specifically, Cariou shows Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions (Figure 9; Par. 0102-0107; At block 910, the device may identify energy on the allocated tone-sets for each link that the STA MLD has a presence on. The presence on the set of communication links is announced in a link bitmap included in a user information field associated with the trigger frame. A bit in the link bitmap is set to 1 to indicate that information on a first link is being solicited. The trigger frame is a multiple link (ML) NDP feedback report poll (NFRP) trigger frame.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Cariou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Cariou, in order to provide motivation to solve the problem of low overhead acknowledgment (Par. 0025 of Cariou). Regarding claim 24, Shellhammer shows a communication device (Figure 5A shows an AP performing in part the method of Figure 16.) comprising a processor (Figure 5A shows a processor.) configured for: sending, to polled stations (Figure 1; STAs), a trigger frame reserving a plurality of resource unit, RU, tone sets for responses by polled stations (Figure 15; Par. 0082, 0104, 0124; receiving, from an AP, a trigger frame used to solicit responses from legacy and non-legacy STAs. Trigger frame includes at least configuration information which may be used by a receiving device to configure an uplink (UL) PPDU to be transmitted responsive to the trigger frame 900. Such configuration information may include UL bandwidth, RU allocation, number of spatial streams, number of LTF symbols, and spatial reuse thresholds.), the trigger frame signaling one or more 802.11 standard versions defining compliant technologies being available at the polling station (Figure 15; Par. 0043, 0083-0084, 0127; a format of the PPDU to be transmitted may be indicated by the one or more bits in the common information field and the one or more bits in each of the one or more user information fields of the trigger frame, where the format of the PPDU is one of a legacy PPDU format (802.11ax) or a non-legacy PPDU format (802.11be).), and receiving, from at least one responding station on a responding RU tone set, a response in relation to at least one signaled 802.11 standard version (Figure 15; Par. 0082-0084, 0124, 0127; responsive to the configuration information, which includes the resource information. included in the trigger frame, an STA transmits, to the AP, the PPDU with an appropriate format.). Shellhammer shows all of the elements including the trigger frame and the response, as discussed above. Shellhammer does not specifically show a Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions . However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Cariou. Specifically, Cariou shows Null Data Packet (NDP) Feedback Report Poll (NFRP) trigger frame, a NDP feedback response, and wherein the NDP feedback report response indicates the 802.11 standard version or versions the polled station is compatible with by conveying energy on one or more RU tone sets corresponding to the indicated 802.11 standard version or versions (Figure 9; Par. 0102-0107; At block 910, the device may identify energy on the allocated tone-sets for each link that the STA MLD has a presence on. The presence on the set of communication links is announced in a link bitmap included in a user information field associated with the trigger frame. A bit in the link bitmap is set to 1 to indicate that information on a first link is being solicited. The trigger frame is a multiple link (ML) NDP feedback report poll (NFRP) trigger frame.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Cariou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Cariou, in order to provide motivation to solve the problem of low overhead acknowledgment (Par. 0025 of Cariou). Regarding claim 26, this claim is rejected based on the same reasoning as presented in the rejection of claim 10 . 07-21-aia AIA Claim (s) 3, 6, 8, 14, 18 and 20-21 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Shellhammer in view of Cariou and Lou et al. (US 2022/0330344; hereinafter Lou) Regarding claim 3, modified Shellhammer shows all of the elements except for subsequent communications after performing the disclosed method. Modified Shellhammer does not specifically show at the polled station, consecutively to the subsequent transmission resource, receiving, using another compatible 802.11 standard version, another subsequent transmission resource from the polling station. However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Lou. Specifically, Lou shows at the polled station, consecutively to the subsequent transmission resource, receiving, using another compatible 802.11 standard version, another subsequent transmission resource from the polling station (Figure 5; Par. 0124-0125; noted repeated transmission of the trigger frame/scheduling retransmission frame including rescheduling information for STAs.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Lou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Lou, in order to provide motivation to improve performance of low latency traffic (Par. 0084 of Lou). Regarding claim 6, modified Shellhammer shows all of the elements except for subsequent communications after performing the disclosed method. Modified Shellhammer does not specifically show at the polling station, simultaneously or consecutively to the subsequent transmission resources, providing, using another signaled 802.11 standard version, other subsequent transmission resources over a distinct channel to responding stations related to the same other signaled 802.11 standard version. However, the above-mentioned claim limitations are well-established in the art as evidenced by Lou. Specifically, Lou shows at the polling station, simultaneously or consecutively to the subsequent transmission resources, providing, using another signaled 802.11 standard version, other subsequent transmission resources over a distinct channel to responding stations related to the same other signaled 802.11 standard version (Figure 5; Par. 0124-0125; noted repeated transmission of the trigger frame/scheduling retransmission frame including rescheduling information for STAs.). In view of the above, having the system of Shellhammer, then given the well-established teaching of Lou, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the system of Shellhammer as taught by Lou, in order to provide motivation to improve performance of low latency traffic (Par. 0084 of Lou). Regarding claim 8, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the NDP feedback report response is provided in relation to two or more signaled 802.11 standard versions (Shellhammer: Figure 15; Par. 0043, 0083-0084, 0127; a format of the PPDU to be transmitted may be indicated by the one or more bits in the common information field and the one or more bits in each of the one or more user information fields of the trigger frame, where the format of the PPDU is one of a legacy PPDU format (802.11ax) or a non-legacy PPDU format (802.11be).). Regarding claim 14, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the signaling of the one or more 802.11 standard versions is announced, in the NFRP trigger frame, through a Feedback Type subfield set to a value different from 0 in the NFRP trigger frame (Lou: Par. 0076-0077; he trigger frame for NFRP may have the same frame format as shown in Table 1. The common information (info) field may be the same as in Table 2. An example user information (info) field for an NFRP trigger frame is shown in Table 4. The user information field for the NFRP trigger may include, but is not limited to include, any of a NFRP user info field, a starting AID field, an reserved field, a feedback type field, another reserved field, an UL target RSSI field, and/or a multiplexing flag field.). Regarding claim 18, modified Shellhammer shows wherein each RU tone set is made of a plurality of groups of tones, each group being associated with a respective one of the signaled 802.11 standard versions (Shellhammer: Figure 9; Par. 0083; the PHY version subfield 922 may include one or more bits indicating whether the trigger frame 900 is configured in accordance with the legacy trigger frame format or a non-legacy trigger frame format.). Regarding claim 20, modified Shellhammer shows wherein the NFRP trigger frame specifies a range of association identifiers, AIDs, designating polled stations allowed to send NDP feedback report responses on the RU tone sets (Lou: Par. 0113; the user information (info) field may be the same as shown in Table 3, and the AID12 field may be used to carry STA PHY ID.). Regarding claim 21, modified Shellhammer shows wherein an association identifier, AID, field in the NFRP trigger frame includes a predefined AID value defining a random access for the polled stations to the plurality of RU tone sets (Lou: Par. 0113; the user information (info) field may be the same as shown in Table 3, and the AID12 field may be used to carry STA PHY ID. The Trigger Dependent user information subfield may carry STA PHY ID timing information. The STA PHY ID timing information may be used to indicate when the STA PHY ID was generated. For example, the STA PHY ID timing information may be used to identify a time the STA used to perform UL OFDMA based random access with the corresponding STA PHY ID, RU and pattern. In an example, the STA PHY ID timing information may be time stamp or compressed time stamp for the previous UL transmission or the DL transmission.) . Conclusion 07-96 AIA The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. US 20260032031 A1 - The present specification relates to a scheme of transmitting an extremely high throughput (EHT) physical protocol data unit (PPDU) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting the EHT PPDU by setting a short training field (STF) sequence having an optimal peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in a tone plan in which a tone plan for an 80 MHz band is repeated in the WLAN system. US 20210143955 A1 - This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for configuring tones for a distributed resource unit (RU) across a channel bandwidth to improve frequency diversity and available transmit power. Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL . See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to REDENTOR M PASIA whose telephone number is (571)272-9745. The examiner can normally be reached Mondays-Thursdays - 5am-245pm and Fridays 5am-330pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Un Cho can be reached at (571)272-7919. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /REDENTOR PASIA/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 2 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 4 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 5 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 6 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 7 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 8 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 9 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 10 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 11 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 12 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 13 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 14 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 15 Art Unit: 2413 Application/Control Number: 18/251,524 Page 16 Art Unit: 2413
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Prosecution Timeline

May 02, 2023
Application Filed
Sep 22, 2025
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §103
Jan 22, 2026
Response Filed
Jun 02, 2026
Final Rejection mailed — §103 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
80%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+22.6%)
3y 3m (~1m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
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