Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/257,676

METHODS OF BONDING COPPER AND ARTICLES FORMED THEREBY

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Jun 15, 2023
Examiner
GULAKOWSKI, RANDY P
Art Unit
1766
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
3M Company
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
17%
Grant Probability
At Risk
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
35%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants only 17% of cases
17%
Career Allow Rate
9 granted / 53 resolved
-48.0% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+17.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
10 currently pending
Career history
63
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.4%
-39.6% vs TC avg
§103
48.3%
+8.3% vs TC avg
§102
18.4%
-21.6% vs TC avg
§112
22.2%
-17.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 53 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 15 and 16 are rejected under 112(b), indefiniteness, since claim 11 (from which they depend) does not recited a copper substrate, and claims 15 and 16 recite the limitation "the copper substrate". There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim. In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-4,6,7,9,11-14,18 and 20-23 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by JP-2009-221363. JP discloses a semiconductor device that uses copper bumps/pillars in manufacture of its flip chip device. The adhesive composition, which bonds the copper bumps and the substrate and/or the underfill, comprises an epoxy resin, an amine curing agent, an inorganic filler, and 0.1-5 parts by weight of a sulfide silane compound. The preferred compounds [0027] are seen below: PNG media_image1.png 46 244 media_image1.png Greyscale which is Bis(3-triethoxysilyl-propyl) disulfide PNG media_image2.png 38 256 media_image2.png Greyscale which is Bis(3-triethoxysilyl-propyl) tetrasulfide Note that when examining the examples, specifically comparative examples 1 and 2 which do not contain any amount of silane compound, the adhesive test contain peeling indicated by the “0” in the test results. Hence, one would naturally conclude that the silane is responsible for the improvement in adhesion with the copper. In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-4, 6-14, 17-23 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Ferrari et al-US 2011/0094656 in view of Hempel et al-WO 2011/092278. Ferrari discloses connecting of metal tubes via an adhesive composition. The tubes can be copper and copper, copper and aluminum or aluminum and aluminum, see 0022-0024. The adhesive composition can consist of an epoxy resin, a polyurethane or an acrylate resin adhesive. Ferrari fails to teach the use of the claimed adhesion promoter. Hempel discloses a primer composition which consists mainly of epoxy resin, which is applied to metal substrates, which also contains adhesion promoters. See page 11 which discloses: PNG media_image3.png 232 630 media_image3.png Greyscale Obviously, adhesion promoters are used to improve the adhesion of the resin material to the coated surface. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one skilled in the art to use/make the adhered copper substrate as disclosed in Ferrari and to have added the sulfur silanes of Hempel, to improve the adhesion of the resins in the Ferrari, as taught by Hempel. Claim(s) 5,15 and 16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Ferrari et al-US 2011/0094656 in view of Van Ooij et al-WO 99/67444. The disclosure of Ferrari above is applied here as such. The Ferrari reference fails to disclose the use of the claimed adhesion promoter on the substrate before application of the adhesive. Van Ooij discloses the prevention of corrosion of metals by the solvent application of bis-functional polysulfur silanes. Seen below: PNG media_image4.png 136 240 media_image4.png Greyscale PNG media_image5.png 126 798 media_image5.png Greyscale PNG media_image6.png 496 834 media_image6.png Greyscale Therefore, it would have been obvious to one skilled in the art to use/make the article of Ferrari and to pretreat the metal surfaces with the solution of Van Ooij to improve the corrosion resistance of those metal surfaces as taught by Van Ooij. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RANDY P GULAKOWSKI whose telephone number is (571)272-1302. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 7:30-4pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Randy P Gulakowski can be reached at 571-272-1302. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /RANDY P GULAKOWSKI/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 1766
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 15, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 12, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
17%
Grant Probability
35%
With Interview (+17.6%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 53 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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