Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/261,860

MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL PROTOCOL DATA UNIT FORWARDING

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Jul 18, 2023
Examiner
LO, DIANE LEE
Art Unit
2466
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
90%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 90% — above average
90%
Career Allow Rate
842 granted / 941 resolved
+31.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +8% lift
Without
With
+8.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
25 currently pending
Career history
966
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.7%
-36.3% vs TC avg
§103
50.4%
+10.4% vs TC avg
§102
32.8%
-7.2% vs TC avg
§112
3.0%
-37.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 941 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION This is response to Application 18/261,860 filed on 07/18/2023 in which claims 1-16 are presented for examination. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 5, 7, 12 and 13 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1, 2, 8, 9, and 14-16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by Lee et al. (US 2020/0068578 A1). 1. Regarding claim 1, Lee teaches a first device (Fig. 1 and 2) comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program codes; the at least one memory and the computer program codes are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device at least to: receive a first data unit from a second device in a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, allocated by the second device for data transmission between the first device and the second device (Paragraph [0435] - [0439] TXOP; transmit frame using allocated; STA-Relay-Root AP), the first data unit having a header comprising an identifier of the first device; de-aggregate the first data unit into a plurality of sub-data units; and process the plurality of sub-data units based on respective address information associated with the plurality of sub-data units (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; divide data received and transmit to corresponding station). 2. Regarding claim 2, Lee teaches wherein the first device is caused to process the plurality of sub-data units by: in accordance with a determination, based on the respective address information, that a set of sub-data units in the plurality of sub-data units are to be transmitted to a third device, re- aggregating the set of sub-data units into a second data unit; and forwarding the second data unit to the third device in a second TXOP allocated by the second device for a data transmission between the first device and the third device (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; divide data received and transmit to corresponding station). 3. Regarding claims 8 and 14, Lee teaches wherein the first device comprises an extender access point or an agent access point and the second device comprises a root access point or a gateway (Paragraph [0435] - [0439] TXOP; transmit frame using allocated; STA-Relay-Root AP). 4. Regarding claim 9, Lee teaches a second device comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program codes; the at least one memory and the computer program codes are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the second device at least to: aggregate a plurality of sub-data units into a first data unit, the first data unit having a header comprising an identifier of a first device (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; aggregate data from each STA); obtain a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, allocated by the second device for data transmission between the first device and the second device (Paragraph [0435] - [0439] TXOP; transmit frame using allocated; STA-Relay-Root AP); and transmit the first data unit to the first device in the first TXOP (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; divide data received and transmit to corresponding station). 5. Regarding claim 15, Lee teaches A method comprising: receiving, at a first device, a first data unit from a second device in a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, allocated by the second device for data transmission between the first device and the second device (Paragraph [0435] - [0439] TXOP; transmit frame using allocated; STA-Relay-Root AP), the first data unit having a header comprising an identifier of the first device; de-aggregating the first data unit into a plurality of sub-data units; and processing the plurality of sub-data units based on respective address information associated with the plurality of sub-data units (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; divide data received and transmit to corresponding station). 6. Regarding claim 16, Lee teaches a method comprising: aggregating, at a second device, a plurality of sub-data units into a first data unit, the first data unit having a header comprising an identifier of a first device (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; aggregate data from each STA); obtaining a first transmission opportunity, TXOP, allocated by the second device for data transmission between a first device and the second device (Paragraph [0435] - [0439] TXOP; transmit frame using allocated; STA-Relay-Root AP); and transmitting the first data unit to the first device in the first TXOP (Paragraph [0110] data aggregation technologies; divide data received and transmit to corresponding station). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 3, and 4 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lee et al. (US 2020/0068578 A1) in view of Asterjadhi et al. (US 2015/0036673 A1) in further view of Zhang et al. (US 2015/0358067 A1). 7. Regarding claim 3, Lee does not explicitly disclose wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination that an acknowledgement is received, the acknowledgement indicating the second data unit has been received by the third device. Asterjadhi teaches wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination that an acknowledgement is received, the acknowledgement indicating the second data unit has been received by the third device, (Figure 13A, Paragraph [0199] acknowledgement policy). It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination that an acknowledgement is received, the acknowledgement indicating the second data unit has been received by the third device as taught by Asterjadhi in the system of Lee for different acknowledgement policies associated with different receiver addresses see abstract of Asterjadhi. Lee in view of Asterjadhi does not explicitly disclose remove the set of sub-data units. Zhang teaches remove the set of sub-data units (Figure 2, Paragraph [0076] after ACK, removes the data frame). It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide remove the set of sub-data units as taught by Zhang in the system of Lee in view of Asterjadhi for relay functionality see Paragraph [0074] of Zhang. 8. Regarding claim 4, Lee in view of Asterjadhi in view of Zhang teaches wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination that the acknowledgement is required by the second device, forward the acknowledgement to the second device in the first TXOP (Zhang, Figure 22 ACK forwarding scheme). Claims 6, 10, and 11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lee et al. (US 2020/0068578 A1) in view of Asterjadhi et al. (US 2015/0036673 A1). 9. Regarding claim 6, Lee does not explicitly disclose wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination, based on the respective address information, that a further set of sub-data units in the plurality of sub-data units are to be transmitted to the first device, transmit, to the second device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device. Asterjadhi teaches wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination, based on the respective address information, that a further set of sub-data units in the plurality of sub-data units are to be transmitted to the first device, transmit, to the second device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device (Figure 13A, Paragraph [0199] acknowledgement policy). It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide wherein the first device is further caused to: in accordance with a determination, based on the respective address information, that a further set of sub-data units in the plurality of sub-data units are to be transmitted to the first device, transmit, to the second device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device as taught by Asterjadhi in the system of Lee for different acknowledgement policies associated with different receiver addresses see abstract of Asterjadhi. 10. Regarding claim 10, Lee does not explicitly disclose wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a third device, wherein the second device is further caused to: transmit, to the first device in the first TXOP, a request for an acknowledgement indicating that the set of sub-data units have been received by the third device. Asterjadhi teaches wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a third device, wherein the second device is further caused to: transmit, to the first device in the first TXOP, a request for an acknowledgement indicating that the set of sub-data units have been received by the third device (Figure 13A, Paragraph [0199] acknowledgement policy). It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a third device, wherein the second device is further caused to: transmit, to the first device in the first TXOP, a request for an acknowledgement indicating that the set of sub-data units have been received by the third device as taught by Asterjadhi in the system of Lee for different acknowledgement policies associated with different receiver addresses see abstract of Asterjadhi. 11. Regarding claim 11, Lee does not explicitly disclose wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a further set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a first device, wherein the second device is further caused to: receive, from the first device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device. Asterjadhi teaches wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a further set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a first device, wherein the second device is further caused to: receive, from the first device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device (Figure 13A, Paragraph [0199] acknowledgement policy). It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to provide wherein the plurality of sub-data units comprises a further set of sub-data units to be transmitted to a first device, wherein the second device is further caused to: receive, from the first device in the first TXOP, an acknowledgement indicating that the further set of sub-data units have been received by the first device as taught by Asterjadhi in the system of Lee for different acknowledgement policies associated with different receiver addresses see abstract of Asterjadhi. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant’s disclosure: Huang et al. (US 2020/0163118 A1) Figure 6 Seok (US 2017/0150493 A1) Figure 36 Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DIANE LEE LO whose telephone number is (571)270-1952. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday 8 am - 5 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Faruk Hamza can be reached at (571)272-7969. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DIANE L LO/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2466
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Prosecution Timeline

Jul 18, 2023
Application Filed
Nov 26, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
90%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+8.5%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 941 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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