Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/264,701

RENAL NEUROMODULATION

Final Rejection §103§Other
Filed
Aug 08, 2023
Examiner
TEJANI, ANKIT D
Art Unit
3796
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
The Regents of the University of California
OA Round
2 (Final)
81%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 81% — above average
81%
Career Allow Rate
513 granted / 630 resolved
+11.4% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+16.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
51 currently pending
Career history
681
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.6%
-38.4% vs TC avg
§103
53.9%
+13.9% vs TC avg
§102
16.7%
-23.3% vs TC avg
§112
8.9%
-31.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 630 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §Other
DETAILED ACTION This Office Action is in response to the communication dated 21 January 2026 concerning Application No. 18/264,701 filed on 08 August 2023. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Status of Claims Claims 1-20 are pending and currently under consideration for patentability; claim 1 has been amended; claims 18-20 have been added as new claims. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claims 1-17 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Applicant has amended independent claim 1 to recite providing an anesthetic regimen that does not influence hemodynamic response and has directed Examiner to those sections of the Specification which describe the use of the anesthetic isoflurane for achieving the recited purpose. Applicant argues that the Harrington reference does not disclose or suggest the amended limitations. The Examiner has addressed the amended limitations in the updated text of the rejection below. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claims 1-16 and 18-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Harrington et al. (US 2018/0177549 A1) in view of Lefer et al. (US 2019/0160106 A1). Regarding claim 1, Harrington describes a method of renal denervation, comprising the step of administering ablation therapy to an aorticorenal ganglion ([0022]). Harrington does not explicitly disclose providing an anesthetic regimen that does not influence hemodynamic response. However, Lefer also describes a method of renal denervation ([0008] - [0009], [0013]), including providing an anesthetic regimen that does not influence hemodynamic response ([0276] - [0277], use of the anesthetic isoflurane, which is described by Applicant as not influencing hemodynamic response). As Lefer is also directed towards renal denervation and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to provide an anesthetic regimen similar to that described by Lefer when using the method described by Harrington, as doing so advantageously allows the resulting method to provide the ablation therapy and monitor the subsequent response free of any response that could be attributed to the anesthesia. Regarding claim 2, Harrington describes wherein the ablation therapy is performed endovascularly through the inferior vena cava and renal vein ([0022]). Regarding claim 3, Harrington describes wherein the ARG is selected from a left ARG, a right ARG, or both ([0093], [0104]). Regarding claim 4, Harrington describes wherein ablation therapy is applied to the left ARG at a location positioned adjacent to a superior mesenteric ganglion and on a posterior side of a left renal vein ([0092], [0104], position of aorticorenal ganglion as described, [0202]). Regarding claim 5, Harrington describes wherein ablation therapy is applied to the right ARG at a location positioned between an inferior vena cava and descending aorta, superior to a right renal artery, on a posterior side of a right renal vein ([0092], [0104], position of aorticorenal ganglion as described, [0202]). Regarding claim 6, Harrington describes wherein the ablation therapy is radiofrequency ablation ([0022]). Regarding claim 7, Harrington describes wherein the ablation therapy is radiofrequency ablation at 20 W ([0097], 0.1 W - 100 W) using an irrigated catheter ([0024], use of through holes manufactured into the electrode element) for at least 30 seconds ([0097]: 5 seconds to 5 minutes). Although neither Harrington nor Lefer explicitly disclose using a flow rate of 8 mL/second, Harrington does describe that the number, design, and power of the cooling electrodes may be varied as necessary based on a desired tissue temperature ([0024], 0097], [0115]). Therefore, the Examiner respectfully submits that it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to configure Harrington’s ablation therapy such that it had a flow rate of 8 mL/sec, as doing so advantageously ensures that the nerves and tissues are cooled as necessary for a desired therapy. Specifically regarding the power and duration of the ablation therapy, the Examiner respectfully submits that, as the claimed values lie inside the ranges disclosed by the prior art (20 W as claimed lies inside the disclosed range 0.1 W - 100 W, at least 30 seconds as claimed lies within the disclosed range of 5 seconds to 5 minutes), a prima facie case of obviousness exists (please see MPEP 2155.05). Regarding claim 8, Harrington describes recording a baseline hemodynamic response before the step of administering ablation therapy ([0042]). Regarding claim 9, Harrington describes wherein the step of administering ablation therapy generates an increase in the hemodynamic response ([0019]). Regarding claim 10, Harrington describes wherein the method further comprises a step of ceasing ablation therapy once the hemodynamic response returns to baseline ([0042], [0184], therapy continues until the response meets a predetermined criteria compared to the baseline response). Regarding claim 11, Harrington describes wherein the hemodynamic response is blood pressure ([0091], [0116]). Regarding claim 12, Harrington describes wherein the method is effective in treating systemic adrenergic activation ([0022], [0134], determining success of procedure; Applicant’s Specification describes that administering ablation therapy to the aorticorenal ganglion is a method of reducing systemic adrenergic activation). Regarding claim 13, Harrington describes wherein the method is effective in treating a cardiovascular disease or disorder ([0021]). Regarding claim 14, Harrington describes wherein the cardiovascular disease or disorder is hypertension ([0021]). Regarding claim 15, Harrington describes wherein the ablation therapy suppresses sympathetic nerve activation ([0006], [0009]). Regarding claim 16, Harrington describes wherein the ablation therapy suppresses effect of renal artery stimulation ([0022], [0035] - [0036]). Regarding claim 18, Lefer describes wherein the anesthetic regimen does not influence hemodynamic response to ARG stimulation ([0276] - [0277], Applicant attributes this property to isoflurane, as used by Lefer). Regarding claim 19, Lefer describes wherein the anesthetic regimen does not suppress hemodynamic response ([0276] - [0277], Applicant attributes this property to isoflurane, as used by Lefer). Regarding claim 20, Harrington describes wherein the hemodynamic response comprises blood pressure ([0091], [0116]). Claim 17 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Harrington in view of Lefer, further in view of Neidert et al. (US 2019/0223785 A1). Regarding claim 17, Harrington in view of Lefer suggests the method of claim 1, but neither Harrington nor Lefer explicitly disclose wherein the method is configured to modulate ventricular arrhythmia. However, Neidert also describes a method of renal denervation ([0014], [0081]), including by administering therapy to the aorticorenal ganglion ([0067] - [0068]), wherein the method is configured to modulate ventricular arrhythmia ([0074]). As Neidert is also directed towards renal denervation and is in a similar field of endeavor, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed to use the method described by Harrington and Lefer in order to modulate ventricular arrhythmia, as described by Neidert, as doing to advantageously allows the resulting method to treat a larger number of cardiovascular conditions. Statement on Communication via Internet Communications via Internet e-mail are at the discretion of the applicant. Without a written authorization by applicant in place, the USPTO will not respond via Internet e-mail to any Internet correspondence which contains information subject to the confidentiality requirement as set forth in 35 U.S.C. 122. Where a written authorization is given by the applicant, communications via Internet e-mail, other than those under 35 U.S.C. 132 or which otherwise require a signature, may be used. USPTO employees are NOT permitted to initiate communications with applicants via Internet e-mail unless there is a written authorization of record in the patent application by the applicant. The following is a sample authorization form which may be used by applicant: “Recognizing that Internet communications are not secure, I hereby authorize the USPTO to communicate with the undersigned and practitioners in accordance with 37 CFR 1.33 and 37 CFR 1.34 concerning any subject matter of this application by video conferencing, instant messaging, or electronic mail. I understand that a copy of these communications will be made of record in the application file.” Please refer to MPEP 502.03 for guidance on Communications via Internet. Conclusion Applicant’s amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the Examiner should be directed to Ankit D. Tejani, whose telephone number is 571-272-5140. The Examiner may normally be reached on Monday through Friday, 8:30AM through 5:00PM EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, Applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the Examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the Examiner’s supervisor, Carl Layno, can be reached by telephone at 571-272-4949. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (in USA or Canada) or 571-272-1000. /Ankit D Tejani/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3792
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Aug 08, 2023
Application Filed
Jul 21, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §Other
Jan 21, 2026
Response Filed
Feb 05, 2026
Final Rejection — §103, §Other (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12599315
WEARABLE AND PORTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING CARDIAC PARAMETERS FOR DETECTING CARDIOPATHIES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12594017
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT SYSTEM, AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MEASUREMENT RECORDING MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12551698
ELECTRICAL STIMULATION WITH THERMAL TREATMENT OR THERMAL MONITORING
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12543995
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SHAVING AN ANATOMICAL MAP
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Patent 12539081
DRINKING BEHAVIOR MONITORING DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 03, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
81%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+16.9%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 630 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month