Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/266,688

INHIBITORS OF NEF DOWNMODULATION

Non-Final OA §102§112
Filed
Jun 12, 2023
Examiner
CHENG, KAREN
Art Unit
1623
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
The Regents of the University of Michigan
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
517 granted / 677 resolved
+16.4% vs TC avg
Strong +28% interview lift
Without
With
+27.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
34 currently pending
Career history
711
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.0%
-39.0% vs TC avg
§103
27.4%
-12.6% vs TC avg
§102
21.5%
-18.5% vs TC avg
§112
30.7%
-9.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 677 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §112
DETAILED ACTION Claims 1-2, 5-7, 9-10, 16-21, 23, 25, 30, 33, 35-36 and 38 are currently pending in the instant application. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Election/Restrictions Applicant’s election without traverse of Group I, drawn to claims 1-2, 5-7, 9-10, 16-21, 23, 25, 30, 33 and 35 with election of species PNG media_image1.png 296 565 media_image1.png Greyscale in the reply filed on 12/16/2025 is acknowledged. Claims 36 and 38 are withdrawn from further consideration pursuant to 37 CFR 1.142(b) as being drawn to a nonelected invention, there being no allowable generic or linking claim. Election was made without traverse in the reply filed on 12/16/2025. In accordance with the MPEP, if upon examination of the elected species, no prior art is found that would anticipate or render obvious the instant invention based on the elected species and the claims drawn to the elected species are allowable, the search of the Markush-type claim will be extended (see MPEP 803.02). If prior art is then found that anticipates or renders obvious the non-elected species, the Markush-type claim will be rejected. It should be noted that the prior art search will not be extended unnecessarily to cover all non-elected species. Should Applicant overcome the rejection by amending the claim, the amended claim will be reexamined. Id. The prior art search will be extended to the extent necessary to determine patentability of the Markush-type claim. Id. In the event prior art is found during reexamination that renders obvious or anticipates the amended Markush-type claim, the claim will be rejected and the action made final. Id. Applicant's elected species appears allowable over the prior art of record. Therefore, the search of the Markush-type claim has been extended to the non-elected species of PNG media_image2.png 254 678 media_image2.png Greyscale and PNG media_image3.png 390 638 media_image3.png Greyscale . As prior art has been found which anticipates the above identified nonelected species, the Markush-type claims are rejected as follows and the subject matter of the claims drawn to nonelected species held withdrawn from consideration. Claims 1-2, 7, 16-19, 21, 23, 25, 30, 33 and 35 have been examined to the extent that they are readable on the elected embodiment and the above identified nonelected species. Since art was found on the nonelected species, subject matter not embraced by the elected embodiment or the above identified nonelected species is therefore withdrawn from further consideration. The remaining subject matter of claims 5-6, 9-10 and 20 that are not drawn to the above elected invention stand withdrawn under 37 CFR 1.142(b) as being non-elected subject matter. The remaining compounds which are not within the elected invention are independent and distinct from the elected invention as they differ in structure and composition. Therefore the compounds, which are withdrawn, have been restricted as the withdrawn subject matter is patentably distinct from the elected subject matter as it differs in structure and element and would require separate search considerations. In addition, a reference, which anticipates one group, would not render obvious the other. Thus all claims containing compounds falling outside the search strategy of the elected compound and structure shown above are heretofore directed to non-elected subject matter and are withdrawn from consideration under 35 U.S.C. § 121 and 37 C.FR. § 1.142(b). A complete reply to the non-final rejection must include cancellation of non-elected claims include cancellation of non-elected claims or other appropriate action (37 CFR 1.144). See MPEP § 821.01. Applicant is reminded that upon the cancellation of claims to a non-elected invention, the inventorship must be amended in compliance with 37 CFR 1.48(b). If one or more of the currently named inventors is no longer an inventor of at least one claim remaining in the application. Any amendment of inventorship must be accompanied by a request under 37 CFR 1.48(b) and by the fee required under 37 CFR 1.17(i). Priority PNG media_image4.png 66 526 media_image4.png Greyscale Information Disclosure Statement Applicant's Information Disclosure Statements filed on 11/09/2023 and 08/07/2025 have been considered. Please refer to Applicant's copies of the 1449 submitted herewith. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 25 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 25 recites “for use of claim 23 or 24”. However claim 24 has been canceled. Further there is no use recited in claim 23. Thus, it is unclear what Applicant intends to claim. For sake of compact prosecution, Examiner has interpreted claim 25 as being a compound of claim 23, wherein at least one R4 is methyl. Claims 1-2, 7, 16-19, 21, 23, 25, 30, and 35 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 1 recites the proviso “when R1 is OH, then R6 is not C6-10 aryl”. However, R1 is defined as OH or OC(O)R6. Thus, if R1 is OH, it cannot be OC(O)R6 which makes the proviso appear confusing and unnecessary. If Applicant intends to the proviso to mean that when R1 is OH and R8 is C(O)R6 then R6 is not C6-10 aryl, it is requested the proviso be amended to reflect this condition. As claims 2, 7, 16, 18-19, 21, 23, 25, 30, and 35 do not fix the issue, they have also been rejected. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(d): (d) REFERENCE IN DEPENDENT FORMS.—Subject to subsection (e), a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, fourth paragraph: Subject to the following paragraph [i.e., the fifth paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112], a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. Claim 19 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th paragraph, as being of improper dependent form for failing to further limit the subject matter of the claim upon which it depends, or for failing to include all the limitations of the claim upon which it depends. Claim 19 depends on claim 18 and recites that R8 is PNG media_image5.png 78 176 media_image5.png Greyscale . However, claim 18 recites that R8 is C(O)R6 and depends on claim 16 which depends on claim 1. Claim 1 recites that PNG media_image6.png 56 842 media_image6.png Greyscale and does not encompass R6 as a C4 alkyl. Thus claim 19 is broader in scope than the claim upon which is depends. Applicant may cancel claim 19, amend the claim to place it in proper dependent form, rewrite claim 19 in independent form, or present a sufficient showing that the dependent claim complies with the statutory requirements. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-2, 7, 16-17, 21, 23, 25, 30 and 35 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by ZEECK (see US Pat. No. 5,610,178, issued 03/11/1997, cited in IDS filed 11/09/2023). ZEECK teaches compounds PNG media_image7.png 214 402 media_image7.png Greyscale (see col. 1-2) and compound 21-deoxyconcanamycin A (see Example 12, col. 15) which corresponds to PNG media_image2.png 254 678 media_image2.png Greyscale which is a compound of Formula (I) wherein PNG media_image8.png 90 70 media_image8.png Greyscale PNG media_image9.png 78 72 media_image9.png Greyscale , R1 is OH, R4 is CH3, R2 is H, R5 is C2-6 alkenyl, R3 is PNG media_image10.png 112 134 media_image10.png Greyscale , R8 is H, R9 is C(O)NH2. The compounds are taught in pharmaceutical compositions – see Example 17, col. 18. Claim 33 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by CA Reg No. 84777-85-5, entered into STN on 11/16/1984. CA Reg No. 84777-85-5 is PNG media_image3.png 390 638 media_image3.png Greyscale which corresponds to compound 43 of claim 33. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 18-19 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable over the prior art of record once the 112 issues are overcome. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to KAREN CHENG whose telephone number is (703)756-4699. The examiner can normally be reached M-F, 9AM-6PM PST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Adam Milligan can be reached at 571-270-7674. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /KAREN CHENG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1623 /ADAM C MILLIGAN/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 1623
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 12, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 13, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12595226
CARBONATE CONTAINING LIPID COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY OF THERAPEUTIC AGENTS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12595266
PESTICIDALLY ACTIVE HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES WITH SULFUR CONTAINING SUBSTITUENTS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12583844
MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE (MMP) INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12553889
SMALL MOLECULES TARGETING THE INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED STRUCTURAL ENSEMBLE OF ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN PROTECT AGAINST DIVERSE ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN MEDIATED DYSFUNCTIONS
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12552755
CINNAMIC AMIDE DERIVATIVE HAVING FXR ACTIVATING EFFECT, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT, AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+27.9%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 677 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month