DETAILED ACTION Non-Patent Literature Cited: The Engineering ToolBox (2003). Linear Thermal Expansion Coefficients of Materials. [online] Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/linear-expansion-coefficients-d_95.html . Accessed March 16, 2026 Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale , or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1- 7 FILLIN "Insert the claim numbers which are under rejection." \d "[ 1 ]" is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 FILLIN "Insert either \“(a)(1)\” or \“(a)(2)\” or both. If paragraph (a)(2) of 35 U.S.C. 102 is applicable, use form paragraph 7.15.01.aia, 7.15.02.aia or 7.15.03.aia where applicable." \d "[ 2 ]" (a)(1) as being FILLIN "Insert either—clearly anticipated—or—anticipated—with an explanation at the end of the paragraph." \d "[ 3 ]" anticipated by FILLIN "Insert the prior art relied upon." \d "[ 4 ]" SU US-10395 876-B1 . Regarding claim 1 , SU discloses, according to all the features of claim 1, a protective element (FIG. 4 , 20 ) , comprising: a base substrate (36) having a first electrode (35) and a second electrode (45) formed thereon, the first electrode and the second electrode each being connected to an external circuit ( (7) FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection device in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; ) (The Examiner notes that it is inherent that the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to an external circuit in order for the battery to operate.) ; a fusible conductor ( column 5, line 57-58, “The fusible element 29 may comprise ….metal ) supported on a first surface thereof by the base substrate (36) and connected to the first electrode (35) and the second electrode (45); a heater (25) configured to fuse the fusible conductor (29) by generating heat; and a heater-attached substrate ( 23/ 26) having the heater (25) provided thereon (Fig. 4) wherein the fusible conductor (29) has one contact (48) ( see FIG.4 annotated , red line ) with the heater-attached substrate ( 23/ 26) the one contact (48) is positioned on a second surface of the fusible conductor (29), which is an opposite surface to the first surface (Fig. 4) . Regarding claim 2, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater (25) is formed on a surface of the heater-attached substrate (26 , Fig. 4 ), which is an opposite surface to a surface contacting the fusible conductor (29 , Fig. 4 ). Regarding claim 3, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater (25) is formed on a surface of the heater-attached substrate (23), which is the same surface as a surface contacting the fusible conductor ( 29 ). This O ffice notes that the surface of the heater-attached substrate 23 of Su has an insulating layer 26 disposed thereon and is connected to the fusible conductor 29 through a connection material 48 . Regarding claim 4, t he protective element according to claim 1, wherein the fusible conductor (29) comprises a plurality of the fusible conductors (See Column 6 , lines 21, “fusible element 29 comprises two fuses” ), and there is one contact between each fusible conductor and the heater-attached substrate (26 , The Examiner notes that is inherent ). Regarding claim 5, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater-attached substrate (23) is a ceramic substrate (see Column 5 , lines 47-50; “the second planar substrate 23 may…including aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and/or heat resistant glass ). Regarding claim 6, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the base substrate (36) has a smaller linear expansion coefficient difference relative to the fusible conductor than the heater-attached substrate (23/26). This Office notes that the base substrate 36 may consist of “ aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and/or heat resistant glass ” ( see Column 5 , lines 47-50) . Meanwhile, the heater attached substrate 26 may consist of “glass, epoxy, aluminum oxide, silicone or glaze” (see Column 6, lines 2-5 ). It is noted that the base substrate 36 may consist of aluminum nitride with a linear temperature expansion coefficient of 5.3 * 10^-6 m/(C degree). Meanwhile, epoxies can have linear thermal expansion coefficients from 36-65 * 10^-6 m/(C degree). See The Engineering ToolBox Regarding claim 7, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater-attached substrate ( 2 6 ) has a plurality of the heaters (FIG. 13, 3 3/63/65) formed thereon. The Examiner notes that the heater-attached substrate 26 is in contact with the heater 25 of FIG. 4 , which consists of a plurality of heaters 33, 63, 65 of FIG. 13 . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) FILLIN "Enter claim being rejected" \* MERGEFORMAT 8-14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S. Code § 1 03 as being unpatentable over FILLIN "Enter prior art used in prior claim" \* MERGEFORMAT SU , and further in view of FILLIN "Enter new art(s)" \* MERGEFORMAT JEE US-2021-0344212-A1 . Herein, note that all references are to SU, unless otherwise noted. Regarding claim 8, a battery pack (See column 6 in respect of equivalent circuit diagram 20, Figure 6 ) comprising: one or more battery cells (The Examiner notes that it is inherent that a battery pack comprises at least one or more battery cells to store chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy ; Further, JEE FIG, 1 shows at least one or more battery cells 11 ) ; a protective element, connected to a charge/discharge path of the battery cell and configured to interrupt, the charge/discharge path (Column 6, lines 14-15; “the second electrode terminal 42 connects to a terminal of the charger or the like”) ; and a current control element configured to detect, a voltage value of the one or more battery cells and to control supply of current (JEE, [0062], “ The control unit 130 may receive the first voltage value and the first current value and estimate a first electricity amount of the battery cell 11 based on the first current value ”) to the protective element (Column 6, lines 11-13; “the first electrode terminal 41 connects to a terminal of an apparatus to be protected such as a secondary battery or motor”) , wherein the protective element comprises: a base substrate (36) having a first electrode (35) and a second electrode (45) formed thereon, the first electrode and the second electrode each being connected to an external circuit ( (7) FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection device in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; ) (The Examiner notes that it is inherent that the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to an external circuit in order for the battery to operate.) a fusible conductor ( column 4, line 22, “fusible element 29” ) supported on a first surface thereof by the base substrate (36) and connected to the first electrode (35) and the second electrode (45); a heater (25) configured to fuse the fusible conductor (29) by generating heat; and a heater-attached substrate ( 23/ 26) having the heater (25) provided thereon wherein the fusible conductor (29) has one contact (48) ( see FIG.4 annotated, red line ) with the heater-attached substrate ( 23/ 26) the one contact (48) is positioned on a second surface of the fusible conductor (29), which is an opposite surface to the first surface. Regarding claim 9, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater (25) is formed on a surface of the heater-attached substrate (26), which is an opposite surface to a surface contacting the fusible conductor (29). Regarding claim 10, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater (25) is formed on a surface of the heater-attached substrate (23), which is the same surface as a surface contacting the fusible conductor (see below). This office notes that the surface of the heater-attached substrate 23 has an insulating layer 26 disposed thereon and is connected to the fusible conductor 29 through a connection material 48 (see Column 6). The aforementioned surface of the heater-attached substrate 23 is the same surface as a surface side contacting the fusible conductor. Regarding claim 11, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the fusible conductor (29) comprises a plurality of the fusible conductors ( See Column 6 , lines 21, “fusible element 29 comprises two fuses” ), and there is one contact between each fusible conductor and the heater-attached substrate (26). Regarding claim 12, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater-attached substrate (23) is a ceramic substrate (see Column 5 , lines 47-50; “the second planar substrate 23 may…including aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and/or heat resistant glass ). Regarding claim 13, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the base substrate (36) has a smaller linear expansion coefficient difference relative to the fusible conductor than the heater-attached substrate (23/26). This Office notes that the base substrate 36 may consist of “aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zirconium oxide and/or heat resistant glass” ( see Column 5 , lines 47-50) . Meanwhile, the heater attached substrate 26 may consist of “glass, epoxy, aluminum oxide, silicone or glaze” (see Column 6, lines 2-5). It is noted that the base substrate 36 may consist of aluminum nitride with a linear temperature expansion coefficient of 5.3 * 10^-6 m/(C degree). Meanwhile, epoxies can have linear thermal expansion coefficients from 36-65 * 10^-6 m/(C degree). See The Engineering ToolBox Regarding claim 14, the protective element according to claim 1, wherein the heater-attached substrate (36) has a plurality of the heaters (FIG. 13, 3 3 /63/65) formed thereon. The Examiner notes that the heater-attached substrate 26 is in contact with the heater 25, which consists of a plurality of heaters 33, 63, 65. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to FILLIN "Examiner name" \* MERGEFORMAT EVAN M ABELSON whose telephone number is FILLIN "Phone number" \* MERGEFORMAT (571)272-9302 . The examiner can normally be reached FILLIN "Work Schedule?" \* MERGEFORMAT Monday - Friday, 7:30 AM - 5:00 PM U.S. EST . Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, FILLIN "SPE Name?" \* MERGEFORMAT Allison Bourke can be reached at FILLIN "SPE Phone?" \* MERGEFORMAT (303) 297-4684 . The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /EVAN M ABELSON/ Examiner, Art Unit 1721 /SADIE WHITE/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1721