Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA. Detailed Action Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement s (IDS) submitted on 6 October 2023 and 4 January 2024 are acknowledged. The submission is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statements have been considered by the examiner. See attached copy of PTO-1449. Status of Application 2. The instant application is a national stage entry of PCT/JP2022/017539 filed 11 April 2022. Claims 1-15 are cancelled. Claims 16-35 are newly added and examined on the merits within. Claim Objections 3. Claim 16 is objected to because of the following informalities: the formulas are represented by roman numerals, numbers and what looks like letters in both lower and upper case . For example, formula I is written as “formula (I) ” , “ Formula 1 ” , and “ (l)” and formula II is written as “formula (II) ” and “ Formula 2”. Please be consistent throughout. Appropriate correction is required. 4. Claim s 16 , 23 and 33-35 are objected to because of the following informalities: please remove the three dots between each compound and the formula number. In some cases it appears the dots could be a feature of the claim. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections – 35 U.S.C. 112(b) 5. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b ) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the appl icant regards as his invention. 6. Claim s 16-35 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. 7. Claim 16 recites “R 2 is a side chain of one arbitrary amino acid or a side chain of a derivative of the amino acid, and R 3 is a side chain of a basic amino acid or a side chain of a derivative of the amino acid”. As written, the claims raises the question as to whether “the amino acid” cited in R 3 refer s to the basic amino acid or the arbitrary amino acid. The claim can be more clearly written as “R 2 is a side chain of one arbitrary amino acid or a side chain of a derivative of the arbitrary amino acid, and R 3 is a side chain of a basic amino acid or a side chain of a derivative of the basic amino acid” or “R 2 is a side chain of one arbitrary amino acid or derivative thereof, and R 3 is a side chain of a basic amino acid or derivative thereof.” Claims 18-20 and 30-32 are included in this rejection for reciting “the am ino acid”. What amino acid s are these claims referring to? If claim 18 is referring to a derivative of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, serine, or threonine, it could be more clearly written as “aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, serine, threonine, or derivative thereof”. 8 . Claim s 23 and 33-35 recite “wherein the lipid is represented by any one of the following formulas ( I a) to (Il): [Formula 3]”. Then after formula (If), the claim recites “[Formula 4]”. What do Formula 3 and Formula 4 refer t o? Why are they cited in the claim when the lipid is supposed to be represented by Formulas ( I a) to (Il). Clarification is requested. Conclusion 9. No claims are allowed at this time. 10. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to FILLIN "Examiner name" \* MERGEFORMAT JESSICA WORSHAM whose telephone number is FILLIN "Phone number" \* MERGEFORMAT (571)270-7434 . The examiner can normally be reached FILLIN "Work Schedule?" \* MERGEFORMAT Monday-Friday (8-5) . Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, FILLIN "SPE Name?" \* MERGEFORMAT Robert Wax can be reached at FILLIN "SPE Phone?" \* MERGEFORMAT 571-272-0623 . The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JESSICA WORSHAM/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1615