Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 18, 2026
Application No. 18/289,327

DRIVE UNIT HAVING AN ELECTRIC MOTOR, A PLANETARY GEARBOX AND AN ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKE

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Nov 02, 2023
Examiner
HANNON, TIMOTHY
Art Unit
3655
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Maxon International AG
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
81%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
1y 10m
To Grant
93%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 81% — above average
81%
Career Allow Rate
403 granted / 497 resolved
+29.1% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+11.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
1y 10m
Avg Prosecution
19 currently pending
Career history
516
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.3%
-37.7% vs TC avg
§103
30.0%
-10.0% vs TC avg
§102
32.9%
-7.1% vs TC avg
§112
31.2%
-8.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 497 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION This is on the merits of Application No. 18/289327, filed on 11/02/2023. Claims 1-16 are pending. The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1, 5-6, and 14 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP 2020141435 to Sato et al (cited in applicant’s IDS). Sato discloses: (Claim 1) A drive unit (Figs. 1 and 5) comprising: - an electric motor (10) which drives a motor shaft (10a), - a planetary gearbox (15) having a ring gear (18), wherein the planetary gearbox has at least one first gear stage and wherein the first gear stage has at least one planet gear (19), and - an electromagnetic brake (7) having an excitation coil (74a), wherein the electromagnetic brake is arranged between the electric motor and the planetary gear (see Fig. 5) and is configured to brake the motor shaft, and wherein the excitation coil is at least in part accommodated in a recess of the ring gear (see Fig. 5, stator and ring gear are integral, thus excitation coil is accommodated in a recess of the ring gear). The electromagnetic brake brakes the sun gear, indirectly braking the motor shaft, as the sun gear is mounted directly to the motor shaft. (Claim 5) wherein the excitation coil is accommodated in the recess such that the excitation coil is completely accommodated in the recess when viewed in the axial direction (see Fig. 5). (Claim 6) wherein the motor shaft has a sun gear (17) of the first gear stage of the planetary gearbox. (Claim 14) wherein the drive unit is a wheel drive (Fig. 1, drives gear wheel 41) Sato does not disclose: (Claim 1) The electromagnetic brake configured to brake the motor shaft directly. (Claim 6) wherein the motor shaft forms the sun gear. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified, with a reasonable expectation of success, the structure of Sato to brake the motor shaft directly since it has been held that forming in one piece an article which has formerly been formed in two pieces and put together involves only routine skill in the art. One of ordinary skill could make the sun gear integral to the motor shaft, thus having the electromagnetic brake braking the motor shaft directly, and produce predictable results. Sato further discloses: Allowable Subject Matter Claims 2-4 and 7-13, and 15-16 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to TIMOTHY HANNON whose telephone number is (571)270-1943. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday 10-6. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Ernesto Suarez can be reached at (571) 270-5565. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /TIMOTHY HANNON/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3655
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 02, 2023
Application Filed
Oct 31, 2025
Examiner Interview (Telephonic)
Apr 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12600427
All-Terrain Vehicle
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12603602
ROOF-MOUNTED SOLAR PANEL ASSEMBLY FOR VEHICLES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12601391
LOGARITHMIC HOLLOW SHAFT SPEED REDUCER
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12595020
DISC BRAKE CALIPER OF HUMAN-POWERED VEHICLE
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12589644
AXLE ASSEMBLY HAVING AN ELECTRIC MOTOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
81%
Grant Probability
93%
With Interview (+11.8%)
1y 10m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 497 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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