Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/299,485

EXTERNAL COOLANT AND CHARGING SYSTEM

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Apr 12, 2023
Examiner
JEPPSON, PAMELA J
Art Unit
2859
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
66%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 4m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 66% — above average
66%
Career Allow Rate
65 granted / 98 resolved
-1.7% vs TC avg
Strong +21% interview lift
Without
With
+21.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 4m
Avg Prosecution
60 currently pending
Career history
158
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.3%
-36.7% vs TC avg
§103
55.8%
+15.8% vs TC avg
§102
15.8%
-24.2% vs TC avg
§112
21.4%
-18.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 98 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Status of the Claims In the communication dated April 12, 2023, claims 1-15 are pending. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-10 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1)/(a)(2) as being anticipated by Jackson et al. US20160129797A1. Regarding claim 1. Jackson discloses a system (FIG. 1) comprising: a charging device (18) providing electrical power for charging a vehicle (10), wherein providing the electrical power produces heat during charging (¶16 - temperature of battery 12 will be higher when the battery is charged by a high current); and a coolant device (20) transferring coolant to the vehicle during charging for cooling the heat at the vehicle (¶17 - cooling system 20 delivers a chilled coolant to battery 12). Regarding claim 2. Jackson discloses the charging device (18) provides electrical power to charge a battery of the vehicle (¶13 – charging station 18 provides electrical energy to the battery) and the battery produces heat (¶16 temperature of battery 12 will be higher when the battery is charged by a high current). Regarding claim 3. Jackson discloses the coolant device comprises a coolant chiller for cooling the coolant to a cooled temperature (¶17 – cooling system delivers chilled coolant to battery). Regarding claim 4. Jackson discloses a cooled coolant connection to the vehicle wherein the coolant device transfers the coolant at the cooled temperature to the vehicle through the cooled coolant connection (¶17 - For instance, cooling system 20 delivers a chilled coolant to battery 12). Regarding claim 5. Jackson discloses that the coolant conducts the heat from the battery and increases from the cooled temperature to a heated temperature (¶17 - cooling system 20 delivers a chilled coolant to battery 12 and returns a warmer coolant back to the cooling system). Regarding claim 6. Jackson discloses a heated coolant connection to the vehicle wherein the coolant device withdraws the coolant at the heated temperature from the vehicle through the heated coolant connection (¶17 - returns a warmer coolant back to the cooling system. Cooling system 20 may either dissipate the heat through heat exchangers (e.g., a radiator) to the outside environment or to the interior of vehicle 10). Regarding claim 7. Jackson discloses that the coolant device receives the coolant at the heated temperature (¶17 - returns a warmer coolant back to the cooling system) and the coolant chiller cools the coolant to the cooled temperature (¶17 - Cooling system 20 may either dissipate the heat through heat exchangers (e.g., a radiator) to the outside environment or to the interior of vehicle 10). Regarding claim 8. Jackson discloses that the coolant device recirculates the coolant at the cooled temperature back to the vehicle during charging (¶17 - Cooling system 20 may either dissipate the heat through heat exchangers (e.g., a radiator) to the interior of vehicle 10). Regarding claim 9. Jackson discloses the charging device provides the electrical power to the vehicle in accordance with direct current (DC) fast charging (¶14 - charging station 18 is a “DC fast charge” charging station which uses high voltage (e.g., 400-500V) and high current (e.g., 100-300 A) to charge battery 12). Regarding claim 10. Jackson discloses a system (FIG. 1) comprising: a charger (18) providing electrical power to charge a vehicle (10), wherein providing the electrical power involves one or more charging components of the vehicle such that heat is produced during charging (¶16 - temperature of battery 12 will be higher when the battery is charged by a high current); and a coolant exchanger (28) analyzing temperature monitoring data (22) from the vehicle (10) to determine whether the heat produced during charging is within a threshold of overheating limits (¶21 - Controller 28 is configured to control cooling system 20 to cool battery 12 to lower or maintain the battery temperature below the maximum temperature), and controlling the transfer of coolant to the vehicle during charging to lower the heat to below the threshold of the overheating limits (¶21 - Controller 28 controls cooling system 20 based on the battery temperature, the ambient temperature, the maximum operating temperature). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 11-13 and 15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Jackson et al. US20160129797A1 in view of Christen et al. US11052776B2. Regarding claim 11. Jackson discloses that the coolant exchanger (20) transfers the coolant at a cooled temperature (¶17 - cooling system 20 delivers a chilled coolant to battery 12). Because the coolant exchanger of Jackson is arranged within the vehicle, it does not explicitly teach transferring to the vehicle. However, this is merely a design choice for the system as illustrated by Christen FIG. 2 which illustrates the coolant system 40 transferring coolant to the vehicle 12. To one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the effective filing date, to provide the coolant system to the charger in order to provide an infrastructure easily accessible (column 1, lines 25-31). Regarding claim 12. Jackson discloses that the coolant conducts the heat from the battery and increases from the cooled temperature to a heated temperature (¶17 - cooling system 20 delivers a chilled coolant to battery 12 and returns a warmer coolant back to the cooling system). Regarding claim 13. Jackson discloses that the coolant exchanger (20) receives the coolant at the heated temperature (¶17 - returns a warmer coolant back to the cooling system) and cools the coolant to the cooled temperature to recirculate to the vehicle during charging (¶17 - Cooling system 20 may either dissipate the heat through heat exchangers (e.g., a radiator) to the interior of vehicle 10). Regarding claim 15. Although Jackson teaches a coolant, the reference does not explicitly teach that the coolant comprises liquid coolant or gas coolant. Christen discloses that the coolant comprises liquid coolant or gas coolant (column 5, lines 10-15). It would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to provide the coolant as a liquid or a gas, as taught by Christen in order to use a state of the coolant that is easily transferable. Claim 14 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Jackson et al. US20160129797A1 in view of Dyer et al. US11276890B2. Regarding claim 14. Jackson does not explicitly teach that the coolant exchanger controls the transfer of coolant to the vehicle by adjusting a rate of transferring the coolant to the vehicle based on the temperature monitoring data. Dyer discloses that the coolant exchanger (14/70) controls the transfer of coolant to the vehicle by adjusting a rate of transferring the coolant to the vehicle based on the temperature monitoring data (column 8, lines 7-42 [Wingdings font/0xE0] “controller 70 can limit the supply of charge from high power charging source 12 to below the maximum charging rate and adjust the flow rate and/or temperature of coolant from coolant source 14 to a corresponding value”). It would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in art by the time of filing to adjust the rate of flow, as taught by Dyer, to the coolant system of Jackson in order to account for a battery that is warmer or cooler than usual due to weather conditions or use of the vehicle (column 8, lines 7-42). Relevant Prior Art The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Dyer et al. US20120043943A1 discloses delivering coolant to the electric vehicle to cool the electric battery. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to PAMELA JEPPSON whose telephone number is (571)272-4094. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 7:30 AM - 5:00 PM.. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Drew Dunn can be reached at 571-272-2312. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /PAMELA J JEPPSON/Examiner, Art Unit 2859 /DREW A DUNN/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2859
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Prosecution Timeline

Apr 12, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 13, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Mar 16, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Mar 16, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12549019
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TRACKING AND ARCHIVING BATTERY PERFORMANCE DATA
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Patent 12531431
CHARGING CONTROL METHOD, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 20, 2026
Patent 12519145
BATTERY CHARGER AND CHARGING CONTROL METHOD
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 06, 2026
Patent 12496919
SUPPORT SERVER, DISASTER SUPPORT SYSTEM, AND STORAGE MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 16, 2025
Patent 12483043
BI-DIRECTIONAL ACTIVE BATTERY CELL BALANCER AND METHOD FOR BI-DIRECTIONAL CELL BALANCING
2y 5m to grant Granted Nov 25, 2025
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
66%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+21.4%)
3y 4m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 98 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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