Prosecution Insights
Last updated: August 15, 2026
Application No. 18/312,908

ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT MATERIALS AND DEVICES

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
May 05, 2023
Priority
May 10, 2022 — provisional 63/340,083
Examiner
YANG, JAY LEE
Art Unit
Tech Center
Assignee
The University of Southern California
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
74%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
5m
Est. Remaining
76%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 74% — above average
74%
Career Allowance Rate
676 granted / 915 resolved
+13.9% vs TC avg
Minimal +2% lift
Without
With
+2.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
50 currently pending
Career history
983
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
53.8%
+13.8% vs TC avg
§102
18.5%
-21.5% vs TC avg
§112
23.3%
-16.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 915 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Restriction/Election Requirement The Office acknowledges the Applicant’s election of Groups 2 and 4 (for R1 and R2 and R2 and RN, respectively) as set forth in the Requirement for Restriction/Election filed 05/12/26 in the Response filed 07/13/26. The election reads on Claims 1-20. Claims 1-20 are pending. No claims have been withdrawn from consideration. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 1, 14, and 18, which the other claims are dependent upon, recites that “ring A is an amide ligand,” recite that “ring A is an amide ligand of Formula (Aii)” which renders the exact scope of the claims indefinite as the ring as depicted in Formula (I) (and further evidenced by subsequent Claims 2-6 and 13) show the ring A to be a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. Notice that an “amide” is a group comprising a nitrogen atom bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group of the form R”R’N-(C=O)-R. Correction is required. Claims 2 and 3 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 2 and 3 recite “an amide ligand of Formula (Ai)” or “an amide ligand of Formula (Aii)” which renders the exact scope of the claim indefinite as the recited formulae nowhere contains or corresponds to an amide group. Notice that an “amide” is a group comprising a nitrogen atom bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group of the form R”R’N-(C=O)-R. Correction is required. Claim 12 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. The claim, which is dependent on Claim 1, recites “M is Cu”; however, “Cu” lacks antecedent basis. The Office has interpreted “Cu” to refer to “Cu(I)” for the purpose of this Examination. Correction is required. Claim 17 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. The claim, which is dependent on Claim 14, recites “the host” which lacks antecedent basis. Correction is required. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(d): (d) REFERENCE IN DEPENDENT FORMS.—Subject to subsection (e), a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, fourth paragraph: Subject to the following paragraph [i.e., the fifth paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112], a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. Claims 2-7 and 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th paragraph, as being of improper dependent form for failing to further limit the subject matter of the claim upon which it depends, or for failing to include all the limitations of the claim upon which it depends The claims, which are dependent on Claim 1, recites structures of ring A which are not amide ligands (as required by Claim 1). Notice that an “amide” is a group comprising a nitrogen atom bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group of the form R”R’N-(C=O)-R. Applicant may cancel the claim(s), amend the claim(s) to place the claim(s) in proper dependent form, rewrite the claim(s) in independent form, or present a sufficient showing that the dependent claim(s) complies with the statutory requirements. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JAY L YANG whose telephone number is (571)270-1137. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri, 6am-3pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jennifer A Boyd can be reached at 571-272-7783. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JAY YANG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1786
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 05, 2023
Application Filed
Jul 31, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
74%
Grant Probability
76%
With Interview (+2.2%)
3y 9m (~5m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 915 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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