Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 15, 2026
Application No. 18/322,476

DOUBLE-GRADED WAIST AND HIP LOWER GARMENTS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE

Final Rejection §103
Filed
May 23, 2023
Examiner
SAUNDERS, ANNA JOSEPHINE
Art Unit
2855
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Unknown
OA Round
2 (Final)
77%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
85%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 77% — above average
77%
Career Allow Rate
23 granted / 30 resolved
+8.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +8% lift
Without
With
+8.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
20 currently pending
Career history
50
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
65.2%
+25.2% vs TC avg
§102
26.7%
-13.3% vs TC avg
§112
8.2%
-31.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 30 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Amendment The amendment filed 12/09/2025 includes changes to the claims. Claims 4, 10, and 19 have been cancelled. Claims 1, 5-6, 8, 11, 12, and 16 have been amended. They have been entered and considered. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-7 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Vouyouka (US Patent 5570533) "Vouyouka", and further in view of Tulin (USPGPUB 20140165265) "Tulin". Regarding claim 1, Vouyouka discloses in figure 1, a pattern assembly (Fig. 1) comprising: a single pattern (E or G) in a first size in a first grading (Column 1; Lines 19-21); a second size in a second grading (Column 1; Lines 19-21), wherein the first size in the first grading is different from the second size in the second grading (Column 1; Lines 19-34). Vouyouka does not disclose a plurality of lower garments, a waistband portion, a hip portion, not the hip portion extending from the waistband portion, nor the pattern further comprising a junction line, the waistband portion transitioning into the hip portion along the junction line, the junction line including a slanted line. Tulin teaches in figures 15A and 18, a plurality of lower garments (Fig. 15A), a waistband portion (“WAIST”), a hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”), nor the hip portion extending from the waistband portion (d3), and the pattern (Tulin; Fig. 4) includes a junction line (424), and the waistband portion (“WAIST”) transitions into the hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424), the junction line including a slanted line (424). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s hip and waist portions and Tulin’s pattern with slanted junction line in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to allow for faster manufacturing of lower garments and ensure a better fit. Regarding claim 2, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly (Vouyouka; Fig. 1) of claim 1. Additionally, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly includes: a first pattern (Tulin; [0019]; “first sizing classification”) comprising: a first waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a first hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in a first size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); a second pattern (“second sizing classification”) comprising: a second waistband portion (“WAIST”) in a second size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a second hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); a third pattern (“third sizing classification”) comprising: a third waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a third hip (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) portion in the second size in the second grading ([0019]); and a fourth pattern (“fourth sizing classification”) comprising: a fourth waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the second size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a fourth hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in the first size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s patterns with multiple sizes in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to provide a more customized fit within standard sizes. Regarding claim 3, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly of claim 1, and the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) includes a crotch (Fig. 4; 420) in the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s hip portion with crotch in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to provide a more comfortable fit. Claim 4 is cancelled. Regarding claim 5, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly of claim 1, and the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) is smaller than the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21), and the waistband portion (“WAIST”) curves outwards toward the hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for each body measurement. Regarding claim 6, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly of claim 1, and the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) is greater than the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21), and the waistband portion (Tulin; “WAIST”) curves inwards toward the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for each body measurement. Regarding claim 7, Vouyouka and Tulin disclose the pattern assembly of claim 1, and a hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) of a first size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) has a dissimilar contour from the hip portion of the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for different body measurements. Claims 8-13, 16-19, and 21 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Tulin, and further in view of Vouyouka. Regarding claim 8, Tulin discloses a lower garment (300) comprising: at least one of a single pattern ([0088]) of the lower garment, the pattern comprising: a waistband portion (“WAIST”) in a first size ([0088]); and a hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in a second size ([0088]), the hip portion extending from the waistband portion, the pattern ([0088]) further comprising a junction line (424), the waistband portion (“WAIST”) transitioning into the hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line, the junction line including a slanted line. Tulin does not disclose a first grading or a second grading. Vouyouka teaches a first grading and a second grading (Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Vouyouka’s grading in Tulin’s first and second sizes to create a more customized fit. Regarding claim 9, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, wherein the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) includes a crotch (420) in the second size ([0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s hip portion with crotch in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to provide a more comfortable fit. Claim 10 is cancelled. Regarding claim 11, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, wherein the first size (Tulin; [0088]) in the first grading is smaller than the second size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21), and the waistband portion (Tulin; “WAIST”) curves outwards toward the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for each body measurement. Regarding claim 12, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, wherein the first size (Tulin; [0088]) in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) is greater than the second size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21), and the waistband portion (Tulin; “WAIST”) curves inwards toward the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for each body measurement. Regarding claim 13, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, wherein a hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) of a first size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) has a dissimilar contour from the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) of the second size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for different body measurements. Regarding claim 16, Tulin discloses a method of manufacturing a lower garment, including: a waistband portion (“WAIST”) in a first size ([0088]) and a hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in a second size ([0088]) the hip portion extending from the waistband portion, wherein the first size ([0088]) is different from the second size ([0088]), the pattern (Fig. 4) further including a junction line (424), and the waistband portion (“WAIST”) transitions into the hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) along the junction line (424), the junction line including a slanted line (424), providing a fabric (215); cutting the fabric along the pattern; and assembling the fabric into the one of the plurality of lower garments (220). Tulin does not disclose providing a single pattern assembly, nor a first and second grading. Vouyouka teaches a single pattern assembly (Fig. 1) and a first and second grading (Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Vouyouka’s single pattern assembly and first and second grading in Tulin’s method of manufacturing a lower garment to ensure enough size options are manufactured for more body types and sizes. Regarding claim 17, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the method of claim 16. Additionally, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the pattern assembly (Vouyouka; Fig. 1) includes: a first pattern (Vouyouka; Fig. 1) including: a first waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a first hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in a first size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); a second pattern (“second sizing classification”) including: a second waistband portion (“WAIST”) in a second size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a second hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in the second size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); a third pattern (“third sizing classification”) including: a third waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the first size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a third hip (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) portion in the second size in the second grading ([0019]); and a fourth pattern (“fourth sizing classification”) including: a fourth waistband portion (“WAIST”) in the second size in the first grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21); and a fourth hip portion (“HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) in the first size in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s patterns with multiple sizes in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to provide a more customized fit within standard sizes. Regarding claim 18, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the method of claim 16, wherein the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) includes a crotch (Tulin; 420) in the second size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s hip portion with crotch in Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to provide a more comfortable fit. Claim 19 is cancelled. Regarding claim 21, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the method of claim 16, wherein a hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) of a first size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21) has a dissimilar contour from the hip portion (Tulin; “HIGH HIGH HIP”, “HIGH HIP”, “SEAT/LOW HIP”) of the second size (Tulin; [0088]) in the second grading (Vouyouka; Column 1; Lines 19-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Tulin’s waist and hip portions with predetermined sizes with Vouyouka’s pattern assembly with grading to ensure a more customized fit for different body measurements. Claims 14, 15, and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Vouyouka, and further in view of Tulin and Caden (USPGPUB 20160361190) “Caden”. Regarding claim 14, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, but do not disclose it being fabricated with a bamboo modal fabric. Caden teaches a bamboo modal fabric ([0018]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Caden’s bamboo modal fabric in Tulin and Vouyouka’s lower garment, improving the comfort of the garment. Regarding claim 15, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the lower garment (Tulin; 300) of claim 8, but do not teach an undergarment. Caden teaches and undergarment (Fig. 1). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date that Tulin and Vouyouka’s pattern assembly can be utilized in manufacturing multiple types of lower garments, including Caden’s undergarment. Regarding claim 20, Tulin and Vouyouka disclose the method of claim 16, but do not disclose providing a bamboo modal fabric. Caden teaches a bamboo modal fabric ([0018]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to use Caden’s bamboo modal fabric in Tulin and Vouyouka’s method, improving the comfort of the garment. Conclusion THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ANNA JOSEPHINE SAUNDERS whose telephone number is (571)272-6528. The examiner can normally be reached 7:30-5:00 EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Peter Macchiarolo can be reached at 571-272-2375. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ANNA JOSEPHINE SAUNDERS/Examiner, Art Unit 2855 /PETER J MACCHIAROLO/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2855
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 23, 2023
Application Filed
Sep 05, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Nov 19, 2025
Interview Requested
Nov 25, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Dec 09, 2025
Response Filed
Feb 03, 2026
Final Rejection — §103
Mar 06, 2026
Interview Requested
Apr 09, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
77%
Grant Probability
85%
With Interview (+8.3%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 30 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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