Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/332,520

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LIGAND-LIMITED NORMALIZING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (LLN-PCR)

Non-Final OA §103§112
Filed
Jun 09, 2023
Examiner
WOOLWINE, SAMUEL C
Art Unit
1681
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Gtseek LLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
61%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 9m
To Grant
81%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 61% of resolved cases
61%
Career Allow Rate
515 granted / 843 resolved
+1.1% vs TC avg
Strong +20% interview lift
Without
With
+19.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
54 currently pending
Career history
897
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.3%
-34.7% vs TC avg
§103
36.1%
-3.9% vs TC avg
§102
17.4%
-22.6% vs TC avg
§112
28.2%
-11.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 843 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 3-5, 16 and 17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 3-5, 16 and 17 contain the trademark/trade name “Illumina” (e.g., “Illumina P5”, “Illumina P7”, “Illumina Read 1”, “Illumina Read 2”, “Illumina sequencing primer site”, “Illumina paired-end sequencing site”, etc.). Where a trademark or trade name is used in a claim as a limitation to identify or describe a particular material or product, the claim does not comply with the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph. See Ex parte Simpson, 218 USPQ 1020 (Bd. App. 1982). The claim scope is uncertain since the trademark or trade name cannot be used properly to identify any particular material or product. A trademark or trade name is used to identify a source of goods, and not the goods themselves. Thus, a trademark or trade name does not identify or describe the goods associated with the trademark or trade name. In the present case, the trademark/trade name is used to identify/describe particular nucleotide sequences and, accordingly, the identification/description is indefinite. Claims 14-19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 14 recites “wherein the second primer has a second annealing temperature” (emphasis provided). However, the claim never recites any first annealing temperature, which raises an uncertainty as to where the claim requires some “first” annealing temperature. As claims 15-19 depend from claim 14, they are rejected for the same reason. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claim(s) 14, 15 and 18 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Weber (WO 2009/153327 A1) in view of Park (US 6,153,412) and Ong (WO 2021/201782 A1). Weber disclosed drying components of a PCR reaction, including a biotinylated forward primer and reverse primer, in a PCR reaction vessel (page 15, lines 9-16). Here, the reverse primer would correspond to the claimed “second primer”. Because there is no sequence specified for the recited “third primer”, any sequence could be a “third primer”, including those with an annealing temperature lower than the Weber’s reverse primer (note that the recited “third primer” is not indicated by the claim as being present in the plate, it is only referenced). Weber did not disclose sucrose, or a “substantially planar member comprising a plurality of wells”. Park disclosed that sucrose could be used as an alternative to trehalose as a stabilizer in drying PCR components (column 6, lines 49-60). Ong disclosed drying PCR components in the wells of a 96-well plate (paragraph [0026]). It would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the application to modify the dried PCR reagents of Weber by substituting (or combining) trehalose with sucrose since both were taught in the art as stabilizers for making dried PCR reagent compositions. It would also have been obvious to substitute the single PCR reaction vessel of Weber for a 96-well plate as both were taught in the art as containers for making dried PCR reagent compositions. See MPEP 2144.06. Conclusion Claims 1, 2 and 6-13 are allowed. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: Makarov (WO 2018/048957 A2) disclosed methods for normalizing sequencing library concentrations. The process involved amplification of library members with a pair of primers, one of which was labeled with biotin, followed by capture of the amplicons on streptavidin beads. A limiting concentration of “normalization probe” was annealed to the captured strands which allowed for a specific amount of the captured strands to be released from the beads (Figure 4, paragraph [0013]). Betts (US 2017/0073730) disclosed methods for normalizing libraries comprising amplification using a pair of primers, one of which was biotin-labeled. The amplicons are denatured, followed by capture of the biotin-labeled strands. Abundant amplicons renature quickly and are removed, whereas rare amplicons denature slowly, leaving the non-biotinylated strand free in solution (paragraph [0018]). The prior art does not teach or suggest normalizing by the method of instant claim 1. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to SAMUEL C WOOLWINE whose telephone number is (571)272-1144. The examiner can normally be reached 9am-5:30pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, GARY BENZION can be reached at 571-272-0782. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /SAMUEL C WOOLWINE/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1681
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 09, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12595462
HIGH THROUGHPUT GENETIC BARCODING AND ANALYSIS METHODS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12584167
METHOD FOR AMPLIFYING NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE AND SEQUENCE DETERMINATION
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12545951
SIMPLIFIED POLYNUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE DETECTION METHOD
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Patent 12534569
FLOW CELLS
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 27, 2026
Patent 12529097
DIGITAL ANALYTE ANALYSIS
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 20, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
61%
Grant Probability
81%
With Interview (+19.8%)
3y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 843 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month