Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/367,703

DIALYSIS SYSTEM HAVING PUMP REVERSING DISINFECTION

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Sep 13, 2023
Examiner
KIM, SUN U
Art Unit
1777
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
BAXTER HEALTHCARE SA
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
78%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 11m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 78% — above average
78%
Career Allow Rate
747 granted / 954 resolved
+13.3% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+11.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 11m
Avg Prosecution
31 currently pending
Career history
985
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.7%
-39.3% vs TC avg
§103
47.2%
+7.2% vs TC avg
§102
21.6%
-18.4% vs TC avg
§112
17.5%
-22.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 954 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-9 and 11-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over US 2020/0129927 A1 to Sendelius et al. (hereinafter “Sendelius”) in view of US 2022/0280703 A1 to Bonczar et al. (hereinafter “Bonczar”). Sendelius discloses a peritoneal dialysis (PD) system (see abstract; fig. 1-5; paragraphs [0135]-[0143]) comprising: a housing (300); a PD fluid pump (450) housed by the housing; an inline heater (302) in fluid communication with the PD fluid pump; a temperature sensor (303, 313); and a control unit, the PD fluid pump and the inline heater being under control of the control unit (112), the control unit configured to: receive a temperature signal from the temperature sensor (paragraphs [0136]-[0137]), and perform a heat disinfection sequence in which the control unit causes the PD fluid pump to pump disinfection fluid in a forward direction, while the inline heater heats the disinfection fluid (paragraphs [0139]-[0143]). Sendelius further discloses that a feed forward control of the heater takes into account the temperature and the flow rate of the disinfection liquid (see paragraphs [0139]-[0140]). Claims 1-2 and 12 differ from the system of Sendelius in that the control unit is configured to cause the PD fluid pump to pump disinfection fluid in a reverse direction. Bonczar discloses a dialysis system (see fig. 1-4; paragraphs [0088]-[0089]), wherein during heat disinfection a fluid pump (304) is driven in a forward direction and a reverse direction. It would be obvious to the person skilled in the art to modify the control unit to be configured to cause the PD fluid pump to pump disinfection fluid in a reverse direction to heat and maintain disinfection temperature of the disinfection fluid through the inline heater. Regarding claims 3 and 13, Sendelius teaches a temperature sensor (303) located upstream of the inline heater (302) when the disinfection fluid is flow from right to left. Regarding claim 4, Sendelius teaches that the temperature signal is used as a closed loop feedback to the control unit for controlling the inline heater (see paragraphs [0139]-[0140]). Regarding claims 5 and 18, Sendelius teaches a temperature sensor (313) and a second temperature sensor (303) located downstream of the inline heater (302) wherein the temperature signal from the second temperature sensor (303) is used as a closed loop feedback to the control unit for controlling the inline heater (see figure 5; paragraphs [0136]-[137], [139]-[140]). Regarding claims 6 and 11, Sendelius teaches that the disinfection temperature is within a range of 70 to 95 degree Celsius which includes 85 degree Celsius. In the case where the claimed ranges "overlap or lie inside ranges disclosed by the prior art" a prima facie case of obviousness exists. In re Wertheim, 541 F.2d 257, 191 USPQ 90 (CCPA 1976); In re Woodruff, 919 F.2d 1575, 16 USPQ2d 1934 (Fed. Cir. 1990). Regarding claims 7-9 and 19-20, Sendelius teaches that the control unit is configured to cause the PD fluid pump to pump the disinfection fluid for a time duration for the recirculation or a predetermined temperature to be achieved during recirculation based on the measured temperature and the measured flow rate of the disinfection fluid implicitly a number of pump strokes (see paragraphs [0139]-[0140]). Regarding claims 14-15, Sendelius teaches a flow meter (410) (see figure 5; paragraph [0138]). Regarding claim 16, Sendelius teaches the feed forward algorithm (see Equation (1) in paragraph [0141]). Regarding claim 17, Sendelius teaches that the disinfection temperature is within a range of 70 to 95 degree Celsius which includes 85 degree Celsius. In the case where the claimed ranges "overlap or lie inside ranges disclosed by the prior art" a prima facie case of obviousness exists. In re Wertheim, 541 F.2d 257, 191 USPQ 90 (CCPA 1976); In re Woodruff, 919 F.2d 1575, 16 USPQ2d 1934 (Fed. Cir. 1990). Allowable Subject Matter Claim 10 is objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JOHN KIM whose telephone number is (571)272-1142. The examiner can normally be reached Maxi Flex. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, IN SUK BULLOCK can be reached at 571-272-5954. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /John Kim/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1777 JK 1/7/26
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 13, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12601733
DEVICES FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSATE ANALYSIS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12594368
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEM USING DISINFECTION
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12594367
A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLUID FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12594369
WEIGHT-BASED PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SYSTEM INCLUDING A DRAIN TROLLEY
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12589192
PORTABLE DIALYSIS SYSTEM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
78%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+11.2%)
2y 11m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 954 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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