Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/371,602

Fremyella diplosiphon as a Nutritional Feed Supplement for Aquaculture

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Sep 22, 2023
Examiner
PAGUIO FRISING, MICHELLE F
Art Unit
1651
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Morgan State University
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
70%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 70% — above average
70%
Career Allow Rate
393 granted / 559 resolved
+10.3% vs TC avg
Strong +41% interview lift
Without
With
+41.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
26 currently pending
Career history
585
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
9.3%
-30.7% vs TC avg
§103
32.3%
-7.7% vs TC avg
§102
16.2%
-23.8% vs TC avg
§112
24.3%
-15.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 559 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Priority Acknowledgement is made on the instant application’s claim to the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/408920, filed on 9/22/2022, under 35 U.S.C. 119(e). Power of Attorney There is no Power of Attorney on file and it is recommended that applicant submits one to facilitate prosecution. Drawings The drawings are objected to because some of the text in Figure 3 are too small to read. 37 C.F.R. 1.84 section (p)(3) requires that “Numbers, letters, and reference characters must measure at least .32 cm. (1/8 inch) in height”. See MPEP § 608.02(V). Corrected drawing sheets in compliance with 37 CFR 1.121(d) are required in reply to the Office action to avoid abandonment of the application. Any amended replacement drawing sheet should include all of the figures appearing on the immediate prior version of the sheet, even if only one figure is being amended. The figure or figure number of an amended drawing should not be labeled as “amended.” If a drawing figure is to be canceled, the appropriate figure must be removed from the replacement sheet, and where necessary, the remaining figures must be renumbered and appropriate changes made to the brief description of the several views of the drawings for consistency. Additional replacement sheets may be necessary to show the renumbering of the remaining figures. Each drawing sheet submitted after the filing date of an application must be labeled in the top margin as either “Replacement Sheet” or “New Sheet” pursuant to 37 CFR 1.121(d). If the changes are not accepted by the examiner, the applicant will be notified and informed of any required corrective action in the next Office action. The objection to the drawings will not be held in abeyance. In addition to Replacement Sheets containing the corrected drawing figure(s), applicant is required to submit a marked-up copy of each Replacement Sheet including annotations indicating the changes made to the previous version. The marked-up copy must be clearly labeled as “Annotated Sheets” and must be presented in the amendment or remarks section that explains the change(s) to the drawings. See 37 CFR 1.121(d)(1). Failure to timely submit the proposed drawing and marked-up copy will result in the abandonment of the application. Claim Objections Claims 1 and 5-13 are objected to because of the following informalities: the species name “F. diplosiphon” is not italicized. Claim 1 is also objected to since the full species name of the cyanobacteria should be provided when first recited in a set of claims. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. This application currently names joint inventors. In considering patentability of the claims the examiner presumes that the subject matter of the various claims was commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the claimed invention(s) absent any evidence to the contrary. Applicant is advised of the obligation under 37 CFR 1.56 to point out the inventor and effective filing dates of each claim that was not commonly owned as of the effective filing date of the later invention in order for the examiner to consider the applicability of 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) for any potential 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) prior art against the later invention. Claims 1-13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Qin (Pub. No. CN 110012967 A) in view of Sitther et al. (Pub. No. US 2019/0071699 A1). Qin discloses a feed composition for improving the survival rate of Pacific blue swimming crabs (Abstract). The feed composition comprises small fish, shrimp, cyanobacteria, antibacterial substances, and nutrients (par. [0011]). Qin is comparable to the instant application for the following reasons: Regarding claims 1-3 and 10: feeding crabs in a sandy pond having a clean water source with the disclosed feed composition containing cyanobacteria (par. [0046]) in order to improve the survival of the crabs is analogous to “A method for improving aquaculture growth and/or survival rate, comprising growing said aquaculture in the presence of cyanobacteria F. diplosiphon”. Qin is different from the claimed method in that it does not specify the cyanobacteria to be Fremyella diplosiphon. Nevertheless, F. diplosiphon is a known cyanobacterial species as substantiated by Sitther et al. (par. [0009]). Sitther et al. teaches that cyanobacteria are rich in lipids (par. [0008]). It would have thus been obvious for a person with ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to specifically use F. diplosiphon as the cyanobacteria in Qin’s method with reasonable expectation that it would provide lipids as nutrients for the crabs. The rationale to support obviousness is that all claimed elements were known in the prior art and their combination would have yielded nothing more than predictable results. See MPEP § 2143 and KSR, 550 U.S. 398, 82 USPQ2d at 1395; Sakraida v. AG Pro, Inc., 425 U.S. 273, 282, 189 USPQ 449, 453 (1976). Claims 1-3 and 10 are thus obvious over Qin in view of Sitther et al. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MICHELLE F PAGUIO FRISING whose telephone number is (571)272-6224. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 8:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Melenie L. Gordon can be reached at (571) 272-8037. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /Michelle F. Paguio Frising/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1651
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 22, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 10, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12601002
METHOD FOR PREDICTING AND IMPROVING TREATMENT RESPONSE TO INTESTINAL MICROBIOME-BASED CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY AND METHOD FOR SCREENING FOR CANDIDATE PREBIOTICS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12599550
HIGH DOSE AND LOW VOLUME BOTULINUM TOXIN TREATMENT OF FACIAL WRINKLES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12595503
REFERENCE DATASET-BASED, SPECTROMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CELL SUBSTRATES USING SUB-LIBRARIES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12569545
METHOD FOR TREATING AND/OR IMPROVING INFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISEASE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12569446
ENTERAL SUSTAINED-RELEASE SUGAR ALCOHOL ADDITIVE AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
70%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+41.3%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 559 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month