Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/384,034

Display Module, Electronic Device, and Photography Control Method

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Oct 26, 2023
Examiner
BRIGGS, NATHANAEL R
Art Unit
2871
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd.
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
2-3
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
811 granted / 1067 resolved
+8.0% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+11.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
35 currently pending
Career history
1102
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
56.8%
+16.8% vs TC avg
§102
34.3%
-5.7% vs TC avg
§112
6.3%
-33.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1067 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments, see pages 8-9, filed 02 February 2026, with respect to the rejection(s) of claim(s) 1 and 7 under 35 USC § 103 have been fully considered and are persuasive, particularly in that Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu does not expressly disclose wherein the plurality of aperture electrodes are disposed coaxially. (Note: Applicant’s arguments that Zhang does not disclose wherein the control electrode is provided in the light-transmitting region are not persuasive, since Zhang clearly shows the control electrode (210) being disposed within the light-transmitting region that corresponded to a position of the first light-transmitting hole (open area of 52 corresponding to area 200), as previously presented in the rejection). Therefore, the rejection has been withdrawn. However, upon further consideration, a new ground(s) of rejection is made in view of additional prior art. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The text of those sections of Title 35, U.S. Code not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claim(s) 1-3, 7-10 and 14-16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhang et al. (US 2021/0325703) in view of Firka et al. (US 2019/0079334), and in further view of Akcasu (US 11,054,680). Regarding claim 1, Zhang discloses a display module (see figures 1-3, for instance), comprising a first polarizer (52), a color film layer (122), a substrate (111), a second polarizer (51), and a backlight module (20), which are stacked in sequence, wherein the first polarizer (52) is provided with a first light-transmitting hole ([0026]) penetrating in a thickness direction thereof; the color film layer (122) is provided with a light-transmitting region (corresponding to 20a), the light-transmitting region corresponds to a position of the first light-transmitting hole ([0026]), and a control electrode (210) is provided in the light-transmitting region; the substrate (111) is provided with a liquid crystal display region (100) and an aperture adjustment region (200), a position of the aperture adjustment region (200) corresponds to the position of the first light-transmitting hole (20a), the liquid crystal display region (100) is spaced apart from the aperture adjustment region (200), and a material of liquid crystals located in the liquid crystal display region (100; [0029], ‘TN type’) is different from a material of liquid crystals located in the aperture adjustment region (200; [0031], ‘PDLC’). However, Zhang does not expressly disclose wherein the aperture adjustment region is filled with guest host liquid crystals, or wherein the substrate has a driving circuit, the driving circuit is connected to the control electrode, and the driving circuit drives the guest host liquid crystals to deflect so as to adjust an aperture, wherein the control electrode comprises a plurality of aperture electrodes and electrode driving wires spaced apart, and each of the aperture electrodes is connected to the driving circuit through the corresponding electrode driving wire, and each of the aperture electrodes is a closed-loop electrode, and the plurality of apertures are disposed coaxially. Firka discloses a display module (see figure 5, for instance), wherein the aperture adjustment region (8) is filled with guest host liquid crystals ([0045]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the guest-host LC material as Firka in the aperture adjustment region of Zhang. The motivation for doing so would have been to help blend or harmonize the appearance of the aperture adjustment region with the surrounding portions of the device, as taught by Firka ([0047]). Akcasu discloses a display module (see figures 2-3B, for instance), wherein the substrate (300) has a driving circuit (314), the driving circuit (314) is connected to the control electrode (304-1…304-n), and the driving circuit (314) drives the liquid crystals (303) to deflect so as to adjust an aperture (column 4, lines 63-64), wherein the control electrode comprises a plurality of aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) and electrode driving wires (312-1…312-n) spaced apart, and each of the aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) is connected to the driving circuit (314) through the corresponding electrode driving wire (312-1…312-n), and each of the aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) is a closed-loop electrode (see figure 3A of Akcasu), and the plurality of apertures are disposed coaxially (see figure 3A of Akcasu). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the driving circuit to drive the coaxially disposed control electrodes as Akcasu in the device of Zhang. The motivation for doing so would have been to apply its function in multiple wavelength applications, such as simple aperture control for cameras, and even all the way to the aperture sizes of wavelengths of the light where diffraction related applications can be performed, which brings a great flexibility and opens up a wide range of applications with ease and low price, as taught by Akcasu (column 4, lines 53-62). Regarding claim 2, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the display module according to claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection area of the aperture adjustment region (200) on the substrate is not smaller than an orthographic projection area of the first light-transmitting hole (20a) in the substrate (111). Regarding claim 3, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the display module according to claim 1, further comprising: a liquid crystal retaining wall (300), wherein the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is a closed annular retaining wall, an inside region defined by the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is the aperture adjustment region (200), a region outside the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is the liquid crystal display region (100), and the liquid crystal display region (100) is separated from the aperture adjustment region (200) through the liquid crystal retaining wall (300). Regarding claim 7, Zhang discloses an electronic device (see figures 1-3, for instance), comprising: a display module (1) comprising a first polarizer (52), a color film layer (122), a substrate (111), a second polarizer (51), and a backlight module (20), which are stacked in sequence; and a camera module (30) provided on a side of the display module (1) close to a backlight module (2), a viewfinder window (20a) of the camera module (30) corresponding to an aperture adjustment region (200) of the display module, so as to photograph according to an aperture adjusted by the aperture adjustment region (200); wherein the first polarizer (52) is provided with a first light-transmitting hole (corresponding to 20a) penetrating in a thickness direction thereof; the color film layer (122) is provided with a light-transmitting region (corresponding to 20a), the light-transmitting region corresponds to a position of the first light-transmitting hole (20a), and a control electrode (210) is provided in the light-transmitting region; the substrate (111) is provided with a liquid crystal display region (100) and an aperture adjustment region (200), a position of the aperture adjustment region (200) corresponds to the position of the first light-transmitting hole (20a), the liquid crystal display region (100) is spaced apart from the aperture adjustment region (200), and a material of liquid crystals located in the liquid crystal display region (100; [0029], ‘TN type’) is different from a material of liquid crystals located in the aperture adjustment region (200; [0031], ‘PDLC’). However, Zhang does not expressly disclose wherein the aperture adjustment region is filled with guest host liquid crystals, or wherein the substrate has a driving circuit, the driving circuit is connected to the control electrode, and the driving circuit drives the guest host liquid crystals to deflect so as to adjust an aperture, wherein the control electrode comprises a plurality of aperture electrodes and electrode driving wires spaced apart, and each of the aperture electrodes is connected to the driving circuit through the corresponding electrode driving wire, and each of the aperture electrodes is a closed-loop electrode, and the plurality of apertures are disposed coaxially. Firka discloses a display module (see figure 5, for instance), wherein the aperture adjustment region (8) is filled with guest host liquid crystals ([0045]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the guest-host LC material as Firka in the aperture adjustment region of Zhang. The motivation for doing so would have been to help blend or harmonize the appearance of the aperture adjustment region with the surrounding portions of the device, as taught by Firka ([0047]). Akcasu discloses a display module (see figures 2-3B, for instance), wherein the substrate (300) has a driving circuit (314), the driving circuit (314) is connected to the control electrode (304-1…304-n), and the driving circuit (314) drives the liquid crystals (303) to deflect so as to adjust an aperture (column 4, lines 63-64), wherein the control electrode comprises a plurality of aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) and electrode driving wires (312-1…312-n) spaced apart, and each of the aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) is connected to the driving circuit (314) through the corresponding electrode driving wire (312-1…312-n), and each of the aperture electrodes (304-1…304-n) is a closed-loop electrode (see figure 3A of Akcasu), and the plurality of apertures are disposed coaxially (see figure 3A of Akcasu). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the driving circuit to drive the coaxially disposed control electrodes as Akcasu in the device of Zhang. The motivation for doing so would have been to apply its function in multiple wavelength applications, such as simple aperture control for cameras, and even all the way to the aperture sizes of wavelengths of the light where diffraction related applications can be performed, which brings a great flexibility and opens up a wide range of applications with ease and low price, as taught by Akcasu (column 4, lines 53-62). Regarding claim 8, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the electronic device according to claim 7, wherein an orthographic projection area of the aperture adjustment region (200) on the camera module is not smaller than an area of the viewfinder window of the camera module (20a). Regarding claim 9, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the electronic device according to claim 7, wherein an orthographic projection area of the aperture adjustment region (200) on the substrate is not smaller than an orthographic projection area of the first light-transmitting hole (20a) in the substrate. Regarding claim 10, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the display module further comprises a liquid crystal retaining wall (300), wherein the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is a closed annular retaining wall, an inside region defined by the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is the aperture adjustment region (200), a region outside the liquid crystal retaining wall (300) is the liquid crystal display region (100), and the liquid crystal display region (100) is separated from the aperture adjustment region (200) through the liquid crystal retaining wall (300). Regarding claim 14, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses a photography control method, applied to the electronic device according to claim 7, the method comprising: acquiring an aperture adjustment instruction ([0029]-[0030]); adjusting an aperture adjustment region (200) according to the aperture adjustment instruction to obtain a target aperture; and photographing (via 30) according to the target aperture. Regarding claim 15, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the photography control method according to claim 14, wherein the adjusting an aperture adjustment region (200) according to the aperture adjustment instruction to obtain a target aperture comprises: determining an aperture region of the aperture adjustment region (200) according to the aperture adjustment instruction; and controlling the deflection of the guest host liquid crystal corresponding to the aperture region to obtain the target aperture ([0029]-[0030]). Regarding claim 16, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the photography control method according to claim 15, wherein the controlling the deflection of the guest host liquid crystal corresponding to the aperture region (200) to obtain the target aperture comprises: applying a target voltage (via 210) to the aperture region; and driving, according to the target voltage, the guest host liquid crystal to deflect by a target angle to obtain the target aperture (20a). Claim(s) 6 and 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhang in view of Firka, and in further view of Akcasu, and in further view of Aoki et al. (US 2022/0368785). Regarding claims 6 and 13, Zhang in view of Firka and in further view of Akcasu discloses the display module according to claims 4 and 11. However, Zhang in view of Firk and in further view of Akcasu does not expressly disclose wherein the driving circuit comprises: a plurality of conductive columns provided on the substrate and spaced apart from the aperture adjustment region, each of the electrode driving wires being connected to a corresponding conductive column; and a display driving chip provided on the substrate and close to a side of the plurality of conductive columns facing the aperture adjustment region, each of the electrode driving wires being connected to the display driving chip through a corresponding conductive column. Aoki discloses a display module (see figures 1-3 and 9, for instance), wherein the driving circuit comprises: a plurality of conductive columns (L1-L6) provided on the substrate and spaced apart from the aperture adjustment region (RE1-RE6), each of the electrode driving wires (RL1-RL6) being connected to a corresponding conductive column (L1-L6); and a display driving chip (6) provided on the substrate and close to a side of the plurality of conductive columns facing the aperture adjustment region (PCA), each of the electrode driving wires (RL1-RL6) being connected to the display driving chip (6) through a corresponding conductive column (L1-L6). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use driving structure as Aoki in the aperture adjustment region of Zhang. The motivation for doing so would have been to use an IPS structure in the aperture adjustment region to widen the light control angles for photography, as taught by Aoki ([0172]). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to NATHANAEL R BRIGGS whose telephone number is (571)272-8992. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday, 9:00 am - 5:00 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jennifer Carruth can be reached at (571)-272-9791. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /NATHANAEL R BRIGGS/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2871 3/2/2026
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Prosecution Timeline

Oct 26, 2023
Application Filed
Nov 01, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Feb 02, 2026
Response Filed
Mar 02, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+11.5%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 1067 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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