Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 15, 2026
Application No. 18/395,620

ENCODING METHOD OF CONVERTING TIME SERIES DATA INTO IMAGE

Non-Final OA §101§102
Filed
Dec 24, 2023
Examiner
SAMS, MICHELLE L
Art Unit
2611
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Unist(Ulsan National Institute Of Science And Technology)
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 11m
To Grant
93%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
364 granted / 481 resolved
+13.7% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+17.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 11m
Avg Prosecution
10 currently pending
Career history
491
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
16.1%
-23.9% vs TC avg
§103
51.5%
+11.5% vs TC avg
§102
10.6%
-29.4% vs TC avg
§112
14.8%
-25.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 481 resolved cases

Office Action

§101 §102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 101 35 U.S.C. 101 reads as follows: Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title. Claims 1-4 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 101 because the claimed invention is directed to an abstract idea without significantly more. The claim(s) recite(s) converting time series data to an image data. The limitation of “encoding each univariate time series data into a binary image, combining the binary image with a multi-channel image, performing convolution on the multi-channel image; and performing task using data obtained by the convolution”, as drafted, is a process that, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitations in the mind. Furthermore, language, “encoding”, “combining”, and “performing” in the context of this claim encompasses the user manually converting the univariate time series data into a binary image through calculations, manually combining the binary image with a multi-channel image via drawing or mathematically, and manually performing the calculation of convolution. If a claim limitation, under its broadest reasonable interpretation, covers performance of the limitation in the mind but for the recitation of generic computer components, then it falls within the “Mental Processes” grouping of abstract ideas. Accordingly, the claim recites an abstract idea. RE claims 2-4, claims 2-4 are further rejected under 35 U.S.C. 101 due to their dependency of claim 1. The claim language fails to further remedy the situation. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on 12/24/2023 is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Drawings The drawings were received on 02/18/2024. These drawings are acceptable. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-3 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by WANG et al. (“Encoding Time Series as Images for Visual Inspection and Classification Using Tiled Convolutional Neural Networks”). RE claim 1, Wang teaches a framework to encode time series data as different types of images [Abstract[. Wang teaches an encoding method of converting time series data to an image, the encoding method comprising: (a) encoding each univariate time series data into a binary image; Wang teaches encoding time series data as images to allow machines to “visually” recognize and classify the time series [0001]. Wang uses two frames works for encoding time series as images. The first type of image is a Gramian Angular Field (GAF), in which the time series is represented in a polar coordinate system instead of the typical Cartesian coordinates [0006]. The second framework is the Markov Transition Field (MTF). The main idea is to build the Markov matrix of quantile bins after discretization and encode the dynamic transition probability in a quasi-Gramian matrix [0006]. The polar coordinate based representation is a novel way to understand time series [0008]. The map functions of GAF and MTF will each produce only one image with fixed S and Q for each given time series X [0026]. (b) combining the binary image with a multi-channel image; GAF encodes static information while MTF depicts information about dynamics [0027]. The GAF and MTF images of the same size can be combined to construct a double-channel image [0027]. (c) performing convolution on the multi-channel image; and Wang further teaches using tiled convolutional neural networks with GAF and MTF images [0016-0020]. (d) performing task using data obtained by the convolution. Wang further teaches classifying GAF and MTF using Tiled CNNs [0025]. RE claim 2, Wang teaches wherein, in the encoding of each univariate time series data into the binary image, multiple pieces of univariate time series data are encoded into the binary image by using a time axis and a time series value axis respectively as an x-axis and a y-axis. Wang teaches encoding time series data as images to allow machines to “visually” recognize and classify the time series [0001]. Wang uses two frames works for encoding time series as images. The first type of image is a Gramian Angular Field (GAF), in which the time series is represented in a polar coordinate system instead of the typical Cartesian coordinates [0006]. The second framework is the Markov Transition Field (MTF). The main idea is to build the Markov matrix of quantile bins after discretization and encode the dynamic transition probability in a quasi-Gramian matrix [0006]. The polar coordinate based representation is a novel way to understand time series [0008]. The map functions of GAF and MTF will each produce only one image with fixed S and Q for each given time series X [0026]. RE claim 3, Wang teaches wherein, in the combining of the binary image with the multi-channel image, multiple binary images encoded in the encoding of each univariate time series into the binary image are concatenated to one multi-channel image. The rationale of claim 1 provides teachings of combining of the binary image with the multi-channel image [0001, 0006, 0026]. GAF encodes static information while MTF depicts information about dynamics [0027]. The GAF and MTF images of the same size can be combined to construct a double-channel image (said multi-channel image) [0027]. Allowable Subject Matter Claim 4 is objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims along with overcoming the 35 U.S.C. 101 rejection above. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MICHELLE L SAMS: direct telephone number: (571) 272-7661 email: michelle.sams@uspto.gov The examiner is currently part time and can be reached Mon.-Fri. 5:30am-9:30am. Examiner interviews are available via telephone and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Kee M. Tung can be reached on (571)272-7794. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MICHELLE L SAMS/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2611 31 October 2025
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 24, 2023
Application Filed
Oct 31, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §101, §102
Mar 31, 2026
Response Filed

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
93%
With Interview (+17.0%)
2y 11m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 481 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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