Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/398,655

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING AND SUPPRESSING VEHICLE TRAILER FIRES

Non-Final OA §103§112
Filed
Dec 28, 2023
Examiner
BOECKMANN, JASON J
Art Unit
3752
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Torc Robotics, Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
49%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 9m
To Grant
78%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 49% of resolved cases
49%
Career Allow Rate
482 granted / 984 resolved
-21.0% vs TC avg
Strong +29% interview lift
Without
With
+28.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
57 currently pending
Career history
1041
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.3%
-39.7% vs TC avg
§103
46.0%
+6.0% vs TC avg
§102
31.4%
-8.6% vs TC avg
§112
18.8%
-21.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 984 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Applicant's election with traverse of invention I, claims 1-9 in the reply filed on 12/15/2025 is acknowledged. The traversal is on the ground(s) that that there is no serious burden in examining all inventions. This is not found persuasive because the examiner notes that since the independent claims of each invention is distinct as laid out in the restriction requirement and classified in different areas, requiring different searches, a serious burden inherently exists in examining all three inventions. The requirement is still deemed proper and is therefore made FINAL. Claims 10-20 are withdrawn from further consideration pursuant to 37 CFR 1.142(b), as being drawn to a nonelected invention, there being no allowable generic or linking claim. Applicant timely traversed the restriction (election) requirement in the reply filed on 12/15/2025. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 9 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claim 9, it is unclear if the “autonomous vehicle being stopped in or proximate to one of a road shoulder and a road lane safest for surrounding traffic” is the same as “the fire suppression position” of claim 1, or a different position. Additionally, the term “safest for surrounding traffic,” of claim 9 is unclear. The specification does not define what is safest for surrounding traffic and what one person thinks is safest for surrounding traffic is not always what another person thinks is safest or may not be the safest. This term is ambiguous. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-9 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Enk, Sr. (8,973,670) in view of Stein (DE 10 2022 133 739 A1) and Wang (4,982,798) Regarding claim 1, Enk, Sr,. shows a system for detecting and suppressing fires in a trailer of an autonomous vehicle, the system comprising: a fire detection system comprising a sensor (22) positioned within the trailer of a vehicle; a fire suppression system comprising a suppression unit (10”, 16, 14, 58), a regulator (42, 50) communicatively coupled to the suppression unit, a dispensing assembly (50, 20c) positioned in the trailer of the autonomous vehicle, and a connection assembly (pipes) oriented to connect the regulator to the dispensing assembly, wherein the suppression unit includes a plurality of tanks (14, 16), each of the plurality of tanks containing a fire-extinguishing substance for selective release from the suppression unit by the regulator; a drive system (inherent to the truck) configured to move the vehicle; and a processing system (58), the processing system including a processor and a memory device (col 8, line 24), the memory device storing instructions that when executed cause the processor to: receive, from the plurality of sensors, at least one sensor signal representing one or more fire-related conditions within the trailer of the autonomous vehicle )this is how a sensor works); identify one or more fire-indicative conditions within the trailer of the autonomous vehicle based on the one or more fire-related conditions (this will occur when a fire is present); release one or more fire-extinguishing substances from one or more of the plurality of tanks of the suppression unit to be conveyed through the connection assembly to the dispensing assembly (the controller will do this to extinguish the fire), wherein the one or more fire-extinguishing substances are selectively released based on the one or more fire-related conditions; and convey the one or more fire-extinguishing substances from the dispensing assembly into the trailer of the vehicle (this is how Enk works), But fails to disclose that the vehicle is autonomous and that the processor controls the drive system to move the autonomous vehicle into a fire-suppression position when a fire is detected. However Stein shows an autonomous vehicle towing a trailer (fig 1, the control system and drive system of the autonomous vehicle in positioned in a cab of the autonomous vehicle (inherent to the autonomous vehicle) and the processor controls the drive system to move the autonomous vehicle into a fire-suppression position when a fire is detected (paragraph 15 of the translation) Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the application was effectively field to use the autonomous vehicle of Stein instead of the vehicle of Enk, Sr. in order to drive the vehicle without the need of a human and to move the vehicle to the side of the road automatically in the event of a fire as taught by Stein. The above combination fails to disclose that the fire suppression unit is positioned in a cab of the vehicle. Wang teaches a vehicle fire suppression system where the suppression unit (3) is remote from the dispensing assembly (60) and located in a cab of the vehicle (fig 4), a connection assembly (4, 5, 6) oriented to connect the suppression unit to the dispensing assembly Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the application was effectively field to locate the suppression unit in the cab of the autonomous vehicle, remote from the trailer dispensing assembly, and have a connection assembly to connect the regulator to the dispensing assembly in order to free up more cargo space in the trailer. Lastly, the above combination fails to disclose more than one sensors. Enk, Sr. Jr teaches multiple sensors in its embodiment of 10’ (col 12, lines 4-53) Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the application was effectively field to use more than one heat/smoke sensor to increase the sensitivity of the sensing system. Regarding claim 2, wherein the dispensing assembly comprises a plurality of nozzles spaced along a top surface of the trailer of the autonomous vehicle to convey the one or more fire-extinguishing substances throughout the trailer (fig 8 Enk). Regarding claim 3, wherein the connection assembly (4, 5, 6 Wang) of the fire suppression system comprises a first end oriented to receive the one or more fire-extinguishing substances from the regulator and a second end oriented to convey the one or more fire-extinguishing substances into the dispensing assembly (fig 3 Wang). Regarding claim 4, wherein the second end of the connection assembly is oriented through a port (6 or 4 of Wang) of the trailer of the autonomous vehicle to convey the one or more fire-extinguishing substances into the dispensing assembly. Regarding claim 5, wherein the plurality of sensors of the fire detection system are coupled to the dispensing assembly within the trailer of the autonomous vehicle (they are coupled by the roof of the trailer, Fig 8, Enk). Regarding claim 6, wherein the plurality of sensors are spaced along the dispensing assembly proximate a top surface of the trailer of the autonomous vehicle to detect one or more fire-related conditions throughout the trailer (fig 8, Enk). Regarding claim 7, wherein the one or more fire-related conditions comprise at least one of a carbon dioxide amount, a carbon monoxide amount, a chemical amount, a smoke amount, and a temperature (the sensor 22 of Enk is a heat/smoke sensor). Regarding claim 8, wherein the one or more fire-indicative conditions are based on at least one of a carbon dioxide threshold amount, a carbon monoxide threshold amount, a chemical threshold amount, a smoke threshold amount, and a threshold temperature (the sensor 22 of Enk is a heat/smoke sensor). Regarding claim 9, wherein the fire-suppression position comprises the autonomous vehicle being stopped in or proximate to one of a road shoulder and a road lane safest for surrounding traffic (this is taught by Stein). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JASON J BOECKMANN whose telephone number is (571)272-2708. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 9am to 5pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Arthur Hall can be reached at (571) 270-1814. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JASON J BOECKMANN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3752 1/20/2026
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 28, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 20, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
49%
Grant Probability
78%
With Interview (+28.9%)
3y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 984 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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