Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/413,630

REEL BASED CLOSURE SYSTEM

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Jan 16, 2024
Examiner
MERCADO, LOUIS A
Art Unit
3677
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
BOA Technology, Inc.
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
79%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 4m
To Grant
97%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 79% — above average
79%
Career Allow Rate
529 granted / 666 resolved
+27.4% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+17.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 4m
Avg Prosecution
43 currently pending
Career history
709
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.8%
-39.2% vs TC avg
§103
32.9%
-7.1% vs TC avg
§102
44.8%
+4.8% vs TC avg
§112
17.5%
-22.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 666 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . This is a non-final Office action responsive to the reply filed on 12/03/2025. Claims 2, 11 and 14-17 have been amended. Claims 1, 3 and 4 have been canceled. Claims 2 and 5-21 are pending. Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on 12/03/2025 has been entered. Claim Objections Claims 18 and 19 are objected to because of the following informalities: Claim 18, line 1 “the main body” should be - - a main body - -. Claim 19, line 1 “the main body” should be - - a main body - -. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 2, 5-10 and 16-21 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Burns et al. (US Publication 2016/0120267), in view of Hahn (US Patent No. 1,806,162). Regarding claim 2, Burns et al. discloses a reel based closure device for tightening an article comprising: a housing having an interior (see annotated Fig. 20B); a tension member that is a lace or cord having a uniform diameter at opposing ends (see annotated Fig. 20B); a spool rotatably positioned within the interior of the housing (see annotated Fig. 20B); a tensioner positioned axially above the spool and operably coupled therewith such that an operation of the tensioner causes the spool to rotate within the interior of the housing to wind the tension member about the spool (see annotated Fig. 20B); and Burns et al. does not disclose a coupler that is separate from the tension member and that frictionally engages with a distal end of the tension member so that the coupler is removably fixed about the tension member without requiring any alteration of the distal end of the tension member; wherein the coupler includes at least one aperture through which the tension member is inserted, and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member to enable easy insertion of the tension member through the at least one aperture. However, Hahn teaches a coupler that is separate from the tension member (S) and that frictionally engages with a distal end of the tension member (S) so that the coupler is removably fixed about the tension member (S) without requiring any alteration of the distal end of the tension member (S); wherein the coupler includes at least one aperture through which the tension member (S) is inserted, and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member (S) to enable easy insertion of the tension member (S) through the at least one aperture (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to replace the knot from Burns et al. by adding a coupler to the distal end of the tension member in order to secure the tension member with the spool. PNG media_image1.png 384 523 media_image1.png Greyscale PNG media_image2.png 247 237 media_image2.png Greyscale Regarding claim 5, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the spool includes a coupling feature within which the coupler is positioned to attach the tension member to the spool (see annotated Fig. 20B). Regarding claim 6, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the coupling feature of the spool comprises a channel that extends entirely through a centrally positioned cylindrical body member of the spool, and wherein the distal end of the tension member is inserted entirely through the channel prior to frictionally engaging the coupler with the tension member (see annotated Fig. 20B). Regarding claim 7, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses the claimed invention except for the coupler is larger than a smallest diameter of the channel of the spool such that when coupled with the tension member, the coupler prevents the tension member from being retracted through the channel of the spool and uncoupled from the spool. However, Hahn teaches the coupler (see annotated Fig. 4). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the diameter of the channel to be smaller than the coupler in order to avoid the tension member being retracted through the channel. Regarding claim 8, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses the claimed invention except for the coupler is sufficiently small such that when the tension member is retracted within the channel of the spool, the coupler does not extend radially outward beyond an outer wall of the centrally positioned cylindrical body member of the spool. However, Hahn teaches the coupler (see annotated Fig. 4). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the channel to be bigger than the coupler in order to retract the coupler with the tension member through the channel and avoid interference with the outer wall of the spool. Regarding claim 9, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses the claimed invention except for the coupler is configured to frictionally engage with opposing ends of the tension member so that the coupler is fixedly secured to the opposing ends of the tension member, and wherein the opposing ends of the tension member are attached to the spool when the coupler is positioned within the coupling feature of the spool. However, Hahn teaches the coupler is configured to frictionally engage with opposing ends of the tension member (S) so that the coupler is fixedly secured to the opposing ends of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the ends of the tension member from Burns et al. by securing both ends with the coupler and placing them within the channel in order to avoid interference. Regarding claim 10, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member so that no trimming or cutting of the tension member is required after the coupler is secured to the tension member (see annotated Fig. 4). Regarding claim 16, Burns et al. discloses a method of coupling a tension member with a reel based closure device comprising: inserting the tension member through a channel of a spool of the reel based closure device (see annotated Fig. 20B); coupling a distal end of the tension member that is positioned externally of the spool and that is separate from the tension member (see annotated Fig. 20B); and retracting the tension member through the channel of the spool so that engages with the channel and thereby prevents the tension member from being pulled through the channel of the spool (see annotated Fig. 20B). Burns et al. does not disclose a coupler, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member to fix the coupler about the distal end of the tension member; wherein the coupler includes at least one aperture through which the tension member is inserted, and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member to enable easy insertion of the tension member through the at least one aperture. However, Hahn teaches a coupler, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member (S) to fix the coupler about the distal end of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8); wherein the coupler includes at least one aperture through which the tension member (S) is inserted, and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member (S) to enable easy insertion of the tension member (S) through the at least one aperture (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to replace the knot from Burns et al. by adding a coupler to the distal end of the tension member in order to secure the tension member with the spool and avoid the tension member from being pulled through the channel of the spool. Regarding claim 17, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the tension member (S) without requiring a knot to be tied in the tension member (S) and without requiring any other alteration of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 18, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the main body further comprises at least two apertures and wherein the method further comprises inserting the distal end of the tension member (S) through each aperture of the main body to frictionally engage the tension member (S) with the coupler (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 19, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the main body further comprises at least two apertures and wherein the method further comprises inserting opposing ends of the tension member (S) through one aperture so that the coupler is fixedly secured to both ends of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 20, the combination of Burns et al. in view of Hahn discloses, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member (S) so that no trimming or cutting of the tension member (S) is required after the coupler is secured to the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 21, Burns et al. discloses the tension member is retracted within the channel of the spool and does not extend radially outward beyond an outer wall of a cylindrical body member of the spool (see annotated Fig. 20B). Burns et al. does not disclose the coupler. However, Hahn teaches the coupler (see annotated Fig. 4). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the channel to be bigger than the coupler in order to retract the coupler with the tension member through the channel and avoid interference with the outer wall of the spool. Claims 11-15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hahn (US Patent No. 1,806,162), in view of Burns et al. (US Publication 2016/0120267). Regarding claim 11, Hahn discloses a coupler that is securable to a tension member of a reel based closure system, the coupler comprising: a main body that is separate from the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4); and at least one aperture positioned about the main body so that a distal end of the tension member (S) is insertable through the aperture of the main body (see annotated Fig. 4); wherein: the coupler is configured so that the coupler-frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8); and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Hahn does not disclose the coupler is positioned externally of a spool to removably affix the tension member to the coupler. However, Burns et al. teaches a tension member positioned externally of a spool (see annotated Fig. 20B). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the coupler with the tension member from Burns in order to avoid the tension member from being pulled back through the spool. Regarding claim 12, Hahn discloses, wherein the main body further comprises at least two apertures through which the tension member (S) is inserted, and wherein the coupler is configured to frictionally engage with opposing ends of the tension member (S) so that the coupler is fixedly secured to both ends of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 13, Hahn discloses, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the distal end of the tension member (S) so that no trimming or cutting of the tension member (S) is required after the coupler is secured to the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 14, Hahn discloses, wherein the coupler frictionally engages with the tension member (S) without requiring a knot to be tied in the tension member (S) and without requiring any other alteration of the tension member (S) (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Regarding claim 15, Hahn discloses the coupler (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Hahn does not disclose the coupler is positionable within a channel of the spool. However, Burns et al. teaches a channel of the spool (see annotated Fig. 20B). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to use the coupler with tension member from Burns in order to wind the tension member within the channel of the spool. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments, see pages 6-8, filed 12/03/2025, with respect to the rejection(s) of claim(s) 2, 11 and 16 under 35 USC § 103 have been fully considered and are persuasive. Therefore, the rejection has been withdrawn. However, upon further consideration, a new ground(s) of rejection is made in Burns et al., in view of Hahn. Hahn broadly teaches the coupler includes at least one aperture through which the tension member is inserted, and wherein the at least one aperture is slightly larger than the tension member to enable easy insertion of the tension member through the at least one aperture (see annotated Fig. 4 and Figs. 6-8). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to LOUIS A MERCADO whose telephone number is (571)270-5388. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday 8:00 am - 5:00 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jason W. San can be reached at 571-272-6531. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /LOUIS A. MERCADO/ Examiner Art Unit 3677 /JASON W SAN/SPE, Art Unit 3677
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Prosecution Timeline

Jan 16, 2024
Application Filed
Sep 21, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Mar 07, 2025
Response Filed
Jun 25, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Dec 03, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 16, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 05, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
79%
Grant Probability
97%
With Interview (+17.9%)
2y 4m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 666 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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