Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/414,624

ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED MONOLITHIC WAVEGUIDE TRANSMISSION LINE WITH STEPPED MODE TRANSITION

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Jan 17, 2024
Examiner
HSIEH, PING Y
Art Unit
2664
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
BAE Systems PLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
79%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 8m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 79% — above average
79%
Career Allow Rate
745 granted / 945 resolved
+16.8% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+15.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 8m
Avg Prosecution
28 currently pending
Career history
973
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
6.1%
-33.9% vs TC avg
§103
53.4%
+13.4% vs TC avg
§102
21.3%
-18.7% vs TC avg
§112
4.4%
-35.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 945 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-5, 12, 16 and 17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by Shu (U.S. PATENT NO. 11804681). -Regarding claim 1, Shu discloses a waveguide to coaxial transition structure (FIG. 1) comprising: a cavity defined by one or more walls and having a first opening at one end of the cavity and a second opening at an opposing end of the cavity (cavity 212, FIG. 2A, 2B); a staircase structure extending within the cavity between the first and second openings (impedance transformation structure 214 (e.g., a staircase structure), FIG. 2A-2D); and a coaxial center conductor extending from a last step of the staircase structure and out through the second opening of the cavity (conductor pin, FIG. 2A-2F; col. 4 lines 37-63); and wherein the one or more walls, the staircase structure, and the coaxial center conductor are a continuous and monolithic body of conductive material (CNC milling, col. 9 lines 36-59). -Regarding claim 2, Shu further discloses an aperture proximate the first opening (excavated space 216, FIG. 2A). -Regarding claim 3, Shu further discloses the aperture is also part of the continuous and monolithic body of conductive material (CNC milling, col. 9 lines 36-59). -Regarding claim 4, Shu further discloses the aperture is attached to the continuous and monolithic body of conductive material via a flange (flange 224, FIG. 2A). -Regarding claim 5, Shu further discloses the second opening extends through a sidewall of the one or more walls (cavity 212, FIG. 2B); the coaxial center conductor extends through the second opening, without contacting the sidewall, such that (i) the coaxial center conductor, (ii) a portion of the sidewall defining the second opening, and (iii) an air gap between the coaxial center conductor and the portion of the sidewall form a coaxial line structure (gap 244 exists between back short component 206 and impedance transformation structure 214, FIG. 2B, 2C). -Regarding claim 12, Shu further discloses the geometry of the coaxial center conductor is configured to provide impedance matching between the waveguide to coaxial transition structure and a circuit to which the waveguide to coaxial transition structure is connected (impedance transformation structure 214, col. 5 lines 44-67). -Regarding claim 16, Shu discloses an apparatus (FIG. 1) comprising: a waveguide to coaxial transition structure configured to transmit or receive a radio frequency signal (waveguide 102 is connected via waveguide connector 104 to RF component 106, FIG. 1; col. 3 lines 31-47); and an extension portion extending from an end of the waveguide to coaxial transition structure, wherein the waveguide to coaxial transition structure and the extension portion form a monolithic and continuous conductive structure (CNC milling, col. 9 lines 36-59); and wherein the extension portion is configured for placement of an amplifier thereon, for amplifying the radio frequency signal transmitted to or received from the waveguide to coaxial transition structure ( RF component 106 include antennas, amplifiers, frequency converters, switches, attenuators, oscillators, or any other type of component, col. 3 lines 31-47). -Regarding claim 17, Shu further discloses the end of the waveguide to coaxial transition structure is a first end (cavity 212 from view 230, FIG. 2B); and a second end of the waveguide to coaxial transition structure is configured to be in contact with a waveguide aperture (cavity 212 from view 232, FIG. 2B). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 18 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Shu (U.S. PATENT NO. 11804681) in view of Eubanks (U.S. PATENT NO. 12431628). -Regarding claim 18, Shu further discloses a waveguide connection to an antenna, amplifier, frequency converter, switch, attenuator, oscillator, etc. may be needed (col. 3 lines 1-30). Shu is silent to teaching that at least one of: the waveguide aperture is a transmit antenna, the amplifier is a high power amplifier, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted from the amplifier to the waveguide aperture through the waveguide to coaxial transition structure; or the waveguide aperture is a receive antenna, the amplifier is a low noise amplifier, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted from the waveguide aperture to the amplifier through the waveguide to coaxial transition structure. However, the claimed limitation is well known in the art as evidenced by Eubanks. In the same field of endeavor, Eubanks teaches at least one of: the waveguide aperture is a transmit antenna, the amplifier is a high power amplifier, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted from the amplifier to the waveguide aperture through the waveguide to coaxial transition structure; or the waveguide aperture is a receive antenna, the amplifier is a low noise amplifier, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted from the waveguide aperture to the amplifier through the waveguide to coaxial transition structure (transceiver system 2300 may include a transmit channel, from digital transceiver 2305 through DAC 2310, transmit IF filter 2320, up-converter 2340, and HPA 2350 to antenna 2370. Transceiver system 2300 may include a receive channel, from antenna 2370 through LNA 2345, down-converter 2335, receive IF filter 2325, and ADC 2315 to digital transceiver 2305, FIG. 23, paragraph 368). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skills in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the teaching of Shu with the teaching of Eubanks in order to provide transmit and receive functionality. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 6-11, 19 and 20 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: Regarding claim 6, none of cited references teaches that, inter alia, an extension portion extends from below the second opening and under and past an end of the coaxial center conductor, the extension portion being part of the continuous and monolithic body of conductive material; and the extension portion comprises (i) a first section of an upper surface configured to receive a grounded coplanar waveguide transition board having a contact pad to which the end of the coaxial center conductor is to be connected, and (ii) a second section of the upper surface configured to receive an amplifier circuit. Regarding claim 7, none of cited references teaches that, inter alia, the waveguide to coaxial transition structure of claim 1; an extension portion extending from below the second opening and under and past an end of the coaxial center conductor, the extension portion being part of the continuous and monolithic body of conductive material; and a grounded coplanar waveguide transition board on a surface of the extension portion and having a contact pad to which the end of the coaxial center conductor is connected. Claims 13-15 are allowed. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: Cited references do not teach the allowable subject matter or the claimed limitations, such as, inter alia, additively manufacturing a conductive and monolithic structure comprising a waveguide to coaxial transition structure, and an extension portion extending from an end of the waveguide to coaxial transition structure; forming a layer of dielectric material above a first section of an upper surface of the extension portion, wherein a second section of the upper surface of the extension portion is configured for placement of an amplifier thereon; and forming a signal conductor above the layer of dielectric material, the signal conductor for transmission of radio frequency signals between the amplifier and the waveguide to coaxial transition structure. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to PING Y HSIEH whose telephone number is (571)270-3011. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 9am-4pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jennifer Mehmood can be reached at (571) 272-2976. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /PING Y HSIEH/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2664
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 17, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 22, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12597696
Package Antenna Apparatus and Wireless Communication Apparatus
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12592642
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A FEEDFORWARD DIRECT CURRENT VOLTAGE CONVERTER
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12586757
MODULAR RECIPE CONTROLLED CALIBRATION (MRCC) APPARATUS USED TO BALANCE PLASMA IN MULTIPLE STATION SYSTEM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12586932
PROXIMITY RF CONNECTOR (PRF)
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12587152
Wireless Circuitry with Multiple Envelope Tracking Circuits
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
79%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+15.6%)
2y 8m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 945 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month