Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/415,185

SYSTEMS FOR A HYDRAULIC UNIT

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Jan 17, 2024
Examiner
MCCALL, ERIC SCOTT
Art Unit
2855
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Dana Motion Systems Italia S R L
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
88%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 88% — above average
88%
Career Allow Rate
812 granted / 925 resolved
+19.8% vs TC avg
Moderate +6% lift
Without
With
+6.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
24 currently pending
Career history
949
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.5%
-38.5% vs TC avg
§103
42.0%
+2.0% vs TC avg
§102
19.5%
-20.5% vs TC avg
§112
25.6%
-14.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 925 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
SYSTEMS FOR A HYDRAULIC UNIT FIRST OFFICE ACTION DRAWINGS The drawings have been reviewed and approved. TITLE The title is objected to because it is vague and not clearly descriptive of the claimed invention. ABSTRACT The abstract has been reviewed and approved. SPECIFICATION The specification has been reviewed and approved. CLAIMS In the event that the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the rationale supporting the rejection would be the same. 35 U.S.C. § 102 In accordance with 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1), a person shall be entitled to a patent unless the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 16, 17, and 19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Lang et al. (2022/0153341). With respect to independent claim 1, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit, comprising: a torque sensor (340) externally mounted to a housing (362) of the hydraulic unit (paragraph 38), wherein a torque sensor mount (un-numbered element which holds 340 in Fig. 3) is physically coupled to a planar portion of the housing near a flange (right side of 362 in Fig. 3) through which a drive shaft (330/350) extends. With respect to claim 3, Lang et al. set forth that the planar portion of the housing (top side portion of housing 362 in Fig. 3) is integral with a cylindrical portion (363) of the housing. With respect to claim 4, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor (340) is closer to a first end (topside of Fig. 3) of the housing (362) through which the drive shaft (330/350) protrudes than a second end (bottom side of Fig. 3) of the housing opposite the first end. With respect to claim 6, Lang et al. set forth that the planar portion (top side portion of housing 362 in Fig. 3) is static. With respect to claim 7, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor (340) extends in a direction normal to the drive shaft (330). With respect to independent claim 16, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit, comprising: a torque sensor (340) externally mounted to a housing (362) of the hydraulic unit (paragraph 2), wherein a torque sensor mount (un-numbered element which holds 340 in Fig. 3) is physically coupled to a static element of the housing (362) near a flange (right side of 362 in Fig. 3) through which a drive shaft (330/350) extends. With respect to claim 17, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor mount (un-numbered element which holds 340 in Fig. 3) is parallel to the static element (362). With respect to claim 19, Lang et al. set forth that the static element (362) comprises a linear shape (top side of 362 in Fig. 3) parallel to the torque sensor mount (un-numbered element which holds 340 in Fig. 3) and arranged on a cylindrical portion of the housing (362). 35 U.S.C. § 103 In accordance with 35 U.S.C. 103, a patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102 of this title, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 2, 5, 8 - 15, 18, and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lang et al. (2022/0153341). With respect to claim 2, Lang et al. fail to set forth a plurality of fasteners that extend through the flange and thus fail to set forth that the torque sensor extends along an axis misaligned with each a plurality of fasteners that extend through the flange. However, it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art armed with the Lang et al. teaching that a plurality of fasteners would attach the torque sensor to the housing. The motivation being to properly secure the torque sensor to the housing while having the ability to remove the torque sensor if need be. With respect to claim 5, Lang et al. fail to set forth that the torque sensor is configured to sense a deformation of a surface of the housing. However, it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art armed with the Lang et al. teaching that the torque sensor is configured to sense a deformation of the housing. The motivation being that the torque sensor is configured to sense a force and the torque sensor is attached to the housing. Thus, any deformation of the housing surface due to a force (ie. torque) will be sensed by the torque sensor. With respect to independent claim 8, Lang et al. set forth a system, comprising: a hydraulic unit (paragraph 38) comprising a housing (362); and a torque sensor (340) comprising a mount (un-numbered element which holds 340 in Fig. 3) physically coupled to a planar portion (top side of 362 in Fig. 3) of the housing adjacent to a flange (right side of 362 in Fig. 3). But Lang et al. fail to explicitly set forth that the torque sensor (340) is misaligned with fasteners that extend through the flange. Nonetheless, it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art armed with the Lang et al. teaching that the taught torque sensor is misaligned with fasteners that extend through the flange. The motivation being that the torque sensor (340) is located at the top of the housing (362) while the flange is located on the right side of the housing. With respect to claim 9, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit which is interpreted as a “bent axis” unit as claimed because the hydraulic unit of Lang et al. translates the movement of a first driveshaft (330) in one direction to a second driveshaft (350) in a second direction. The Examiner notes that the claim sets forth no specifics as to define the meaning of a “bent axis” unit. With respect to claim 10, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit which is interpreted as an “axial” unit as claimed because the hydraulic unit of Lang et al. makes use of an axial driveshaft. The Examiner notes that the claim sets forth no specifics as to define the meaning of an “axial” unit. With respect to claim 11, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit which is interpreted as an “internal gear” hydraulic unit as claimed because the hydraulic unit of Lang et al. makes use of an internal gear (360). The Examiner notes that the claim sets forth no specifics as to define the meaning of an “internal gear” hydraulic unit. With respect to claim 12, Lang et al. set forth a hydraulic unit which is interpreted as an “orbital” hydraulic unit as claimed because the hydraulic unit of Lang et al. makes use of a revolving shaft (350). The Examiner notes that the claim sets forth no specifics as to define the meaning of an “orbital gear” hydraulic unit. With respect to claim 13, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor (340) is external mounted to the planar portion of the housing (362) at a location proximal to a splined portion of a drive shaft (Fig. 3). With respect to claim 14, Lang et al. set forth that the drive shaft (350) extends through the flange and into the housing (362) wherein the splined portion is arranged outside of the flange (right side of 362 in Fig. 3). With respect to claim 15, Lang et al. inherently set forth that the planar portion comprises ports configured to admit fluids into the housing since the housing is that of a power steering pump (paragraph 2). With respect to claim 18, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor (340) is physically coupled to the static element (362) but fails to explicitly teach a plurality of fasteners. However, it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art armed with the Lang et al. teaching that a plurality of fasteners would attach the torque sensor to the housing. The motivation being to properly secure the torque sensor to the housing while having the ability to remove the torque sensor if need be. With respect to claim 20, Lang et al. set forth that the torque sensor (340) is positioned between a splined portion (365) of the drive shaft (330) and an inherent hydraulic port of the housing. Lang et al. fail to explicitly teach a hydraulic port of the housing but such a port is inherent since the housing is that of a hydraulic power steering pump. CITED DOCUMENTS The Applicant’s attention is directed to the “PTO-892” form for the relevant art made of record at the time of this Office Action. CONTACT INFORMATION Any inquiry concerning this communication from the Examiner should be directed to Eric S. McCall whose telephone number is 571-272-2183. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for published applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Patent Center for authorized users only. For questions about access to Patent Center, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, the Applicant is advised to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) Form at: https://www.uspto.gov/patents/uspto-automated- interview-request-air-form. /Eric S. McCall/Primary Examiner Art Unit 2855
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 17, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 15, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
88%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+6.0%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 925 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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