Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/431,725

TREATMENT OF SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK

Non-Final OA §102§112
Filed
Feb 02, 2024
Examiner
AZPURU, CARLOS A
Art Unit
1617
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Combioxin SA
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
84%
Grant Probability
Favorable
2-3
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 84% — above average
84%
Career Allow Rate
1067 granted / 1276 resolved
+23.6% vs TC avg
Moderate +10% lift
Without
With
+10.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
23 currently pending
Career history
1299
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.1%
-38.9% vs TC avg
§103
23.0%
-17.0% vs TC avg
§102
18.4%
-21.6% vs TC avg
§112
29.8%
-10.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1276 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Applicant's request for reconsideration of the finality of the rejection of the last Office action is persuasive and, therefore, the finality of that action is withdrawn. Withdrawn Rejection(s) The rejection under 35 USC 112, second paragraph is withdrawn. The rejections under 35 USC 102(a)(1) over US20150157570 and Henry, 35 USC 103 for Babiychuk or Henry in view of Ebert et al, 35 USC 103 for Babiychuk or Henry in view of Ebert et al, further in view of WO 9222, and Babiychuk or Henry in view of Ebert, further in view of WO’92 are withdrawn in view of applicant’s remarks filed 02/11/2026. New Rejections Claim Objections Claim 3 is objected to under 37 CFR 1.75 as being a substantial duplicate of claim 2. When two claims in an application are duplicates or else are so close in content that they both cover the same thing, despite a slight difference in wording, it is proper after allowing one claim to object to the other as being a substantial duplicate of the allowed claim. See MPEP § 608.01(m). Claims 1, 5 and 6 are objected to because of the following informalities: The claims alternate between using “comprising” and “consisting essentially of”. Since applicant has not defined “consisting essentially of”, applicant is advised to use comprising. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 5-6 recite the limitation "the first empty liposome (a) consists essentially of cholesterol and sphingomyelin" in claim 1. There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim. Claim 1 sets out that the first empty liposome comprises cholesterol. Correction is requested. Maintained Rejection Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-3, 5-7, 9, 10, 13-16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by US Patent No. 8,906,855 (Simpkins). . Regarding claims 1-6, Simpkins teaches a method of treating hypotension in a human at col. 1, lines 67 to col. 4, lines 1-4 and 33-34; col. 3, lines 33-35; col. 5, lines 24-33 col. 6, lines 45-48; col. 26, lines 56-64; col 27, lines 1-14. Administration through a mixture of empty liposomes is taught at col. 34, lines 45-47, 53-63; col. 6, line 1 and 16-28. A second empty liposome comprising sphingomyelin is taught at col. 5, lines 45-47 and 52-56. Simpkins teaches the amount of cholesterol and sphingomyelin at col. 3, lines 35-40; col. 4, lines 43-64; col. 5, lines 45-47, 52-56; col. 6, lines 1, 16-28; col 7, lines 4-5, 13-17. The 1:1 ratio of claim 6 is found at col. 4, lines 43-64. Therefore, the range of 45% -55% for cholesterol is clearly encompassed by the range set out at col. 6, lines 16-28. Treatment of sepsis is specifically recited at col. 22, lines 51-55. With regard to claim 7, Simpkins teaches hypotension as defined by a measurement of less than 70 mm at col. 29, lines 49-64. Regarding claim 9, Simpkins teaches the use of adjunctive antibiotic administration at col. 16, lines 26-28. With regard to claim 10, the antibiotic may be administered intravenously at col. 23, lines 4-5. Regarding claims 13-15, the composition may be administered on the form of a solution (see col. 23, lines 4-5. Administration may be over hours , days or weeks (col. 23, lines 6-10). With regard to claim 16, the conditions related to lack of blood supply leading to hospital stay are defined at col. 5, lines 24-33. The claims are anticipated by Simpkins. Conclusion Claims 8, 11, 12, and 17-22 are objected to as dependent upon a rejected base claim. No claims are allowed. The disclosures of US Patent Nos. 9,439,855 and 10,716,756 are viewed as very similar Simkins. Correspondence Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to CARLOS A AZPURU whose telephone number is (571)272-0588. The examiner can normally be reached 9 am- 3 pm, 4 pm-8pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Sue X Liu can be reached at 571-272-5539. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /CARLOS A AZPURU/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1617 caz
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 02, 2024
Application Filed
Nov 07, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112
Feb 11, 2026
Response Filed
Feb 27, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
84%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+10.3%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 1276 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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