Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Response to Arguments
Applicant's arguments filed on 5/12/2026 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. The applicant argues that prior art of record does not teaches “a plurality of ports characterized by one or more radio frequency (RF) imbalance relative to one another”. The examiner respectfully disagrees. First of all, leakage is common issue with a wireless transceiver in which a leak from transmission side to the receiving side. It is fair obvious in a multiple wireless transceiver system such as MIMO system wherein multiple transceivers are confined in a very close space usually about 1 or 2 wave length away. Second, due to the breath of the claim and BRI, Choi reference alone is sufficient to teach at least two ports. One is r(t) the receiving port from the antenna and the other will be the x(t) the transmission side (see figure below) and clearly they are the basic ingredients for the imbalance and relative to each other. Actually, there could a third port in which is carrying out y(t). In order to advance prosecution and in light of the specification, the examiner brought in the second reference to depict the similar leakage problem can be occurred in a multiple ports/transceivers system. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to implement the remedy for leakage in a single system to the multiple system. The main idea is to offset or suppress any interference caused by a transmitter/multiple transmitters. Also regarding the argument on poly-polarization antenna, Janani’s figure 2 and 4 clearly teaches even that the transceivers 100(1)-(3) is an individual single polarization antenna but It can be interpreted as poly or multiple polarization antenna when they are treated one antenna with multiple antenna array or sub-antenna. Thus, previous rejections are maintained.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows:
1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art.
2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue.
3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art.
4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness.
Claim(s) 1-11 and 16-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Choi (US Patent No. 9,282,564 B2) hereinafter Choi in view of Janani et al (US Patent No. 11,652,560 B1) herein after Janani. .
Per claims 1, 16 and 20, Choi discloses a system/method comprising: a radio device (see figure 1 and item 500) that comprises: a plurality of ports characterized by one or more radio-frequency (RF) imbalances relative to one another (a transmission port x(t) can have a 0 degree and/or 90 degree after the phase shifters, see column 1 lines 10-45 and column 2 lines 55-67; and a reference port (see figure 5A); and circuitry configured to calibrate the radio device by compensating for the one or more RF imbalances based at least in part on the reference port (see figure 1 and 5A, and corresponding paragraphs).
PNG
media_image1.png
949
882
media_image1.png
Greyscale
Choi is silent about a plurality of ports as respect to more than one transceiver. In the same field of the endeavor, Janani teaches multiple transceivers with beamforming antennas (poly-polorzaton antenna) (see figure 2 or 4). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective date of this application to modify Choi’s radio system with additional transceivers and antennas to increase the throughput.
Per claim 2 and 17, combination of Choi and Janani further teaches the radio device further comprises at least one of: a transmitter that includes: a plurality of transmitter ports characterized by the one or more RF imbalances (see figure 4 and 5 leakage from transmitter to a receiver or between the transceivers); and a reference transmitter port; and a receiver that includes: a plurality of receiver ports characterized by the one or more RF imbalances; and a reference receiver port (see figure 5 A the four ports around the “weight calculation” can construed as the reference transmitter port and the reference receiver port).
Per claim 3, combination of Choi and Janani further teaches that the radio device further comprises at least one antenna configured to support communication in connection with the plurality of ports and the reference port (see figure 5A of Choi and figure 2 of Janani).
Per claim 4 and 18, combination of Choi and Janani further teaches that a first RF coupler that communicatively couples the at least one antenna, a first port included in the plurality of ports, and the reference port; and a second RF coupler that communicatively couples the at least one antenna, a second port included in the plurality of ports, and the reference port (see figure 5A of Choi and figure 2 of Janani).
Per claim 5 and 19, combination of Choi and Janani further teaches that a first RF coupler that communicatively couples the an RF divider that communicatively couples the reference port to the first RF coupler and the second RF coupler (see figure 5A, paths after PA wherein power has be divided to multiple phase shifters).
Per claim 6, Choi further teaches that the first RF coupler comprises a first input port communicatively coupled to the first port, a first coupled port communicatively coupled to the RF divider, and a first transmitted port communicatively coupled to the at least one antenna; and the second RF coupler comprises a second input port communicatively coupled to the second port, a second coupled port communicatively coupled to the RF divider, and a second transmitted port communicatively coupled to the at least one antenna (see figure 5A).
Per claim 7, Choi further teaches the at least one antenna is tri-polarized to support communications of three different polarizations in connection with the plurality of ports and the reference port (see figure 1, and corresponding paragraphs).
Per claim 8, Choi further teaches that a differential between phases of the plurality of ports; or a differential between gains of the plurality of ports (see column 5 and lines 12-36).
Per claim 9-11, Choi further teaches that a first port that supports communications via a first RF signal of a first polarization; and a second port that supports the communications via a second signal of a second polarization that differs from the first polarization; and the reference port supports the communications via a third signal of a third polarization that differs from the first polarization and the second polarization; the first polarization and the second polarization are oriented orthogonal to one another; and the third polarization is oriented at an offset between the first polarization and the second polarization; the first polarization comprises a horizontal polarization; the second polarization comprises a vertical polarization; and the third polarization comprises a positive or negative slant 45-degree polarization (see figure 5A, column 5 and lines 1-56 (based on the phase equations, it covers 0, 45, 90, 135,180 degrees and more).
Claim(s) 12, 13, and 15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Choi and Janani as applied to claim 1 above, and further in view of Arnett et al (US2020/0067184 A1), hereinafter Arnett.
Per claim 12, combination of Choi and Janani teaches the circuitry is further configured to: generate a matrix representing a characterization of the radio device based at least in part on the reference port; determine one or more calibration factors based at least in part on the matrix; and calibrate the radio device to account for the one or more calibration factors (see Choi: column 1 lines 10-45 and formulas 1-11 based on the Hibert transformation and figure 1 and 5A). combination of Choi and Janani doesn’t teach the utilization of matrix to capture all the signals characterization from the transceivers. Arnett teaches such feature (see para. 0006). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the application to improve the calibration of signals from multiple transceivers instead of just one.
Per claim 13, Choi further teaches one or more estimates of polarization states of the plurality of ports; one or more estimates of the one or more RF imbalances; and a target calibration response (see figure 1 and 5A and corresponding paragraphs, a target to remove echo from the signal).
Per claim 15, Choi, Janani and Arnett further teach that the one or more calibration factors comprise a target-response matrix representing an objective calibration of the radio device; and the circuitry is further configured to calibrate the radio device based at least in part on the target-response matrix (see Choi: figure 1 and 5A and corresponding paragraphs, a target to remove echo from the signal and Arnett para.0006).
Allowable Subject Matter
Claim 14 is objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims.
Conclusion
THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to SPE YUWEN PAN whose telephone number is (571)272-7855. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 9:00am-5:00pm.
Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice.
The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000.
YUWEN . PAN
Supervisory Patent Examiner
Art Unit 2649
/YUWEN PAN/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2649
Prosecution Insights