Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/440,783

LABELED INHIBITORS OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC MEMBRANE ANTIGEN (PSMA) AS AGENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER

Final Rejection §DP
Filed
Feb 13, 2024
Examiner
SAMALA, JAGADISHWAR RAO
Art Unit
1618
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Novartis AG
OA Round
2 (Final)
68%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 1m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 68% — above average
68%
Career Allow Rate
532 granted / 784 resolved
+7.9% vs TC avg
Strong +56% interview lift
Without
With
+56.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 1m
Avg Prosecution
24 currently pending
Career history
808
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.4%
-39.6% vs TC avg
§103
47.4%
+7.4% vs TC avg
§102
19.9%
-20.1% vs TC avg
§112
15.7%
-24.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 784 resolved cases

Office Action

§DP
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Receipt is acknowledged of Applicant’s Arguments and Remarks filed on 07/21/2025. Claims 15-29 are pending and presented for examination. Double Patenting The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on nonstatutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a nonstatutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13. The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer. Claims 15-29 are rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1-30 of U.S. Patent No. 10,398,791, over claims 1-28 of U.S. Patent No. 10,471,160. Over claims 1-15 of U.S. Patent No. 11,045,564, and over claims 1-15 of U.S. Patent No. 11,931,430 in view of Albert et al. (US 6,183,721) are maintained for reasons of record in the previous office action filed on 03/21/2025. Although the conflicting claims are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because the patents recite a compound of the formula: PNG media_image1.png 383 563 media_image1.png Greyscale or salt thereof. The compound or salt thereof is lyophilized and comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The only difference between the instant claims and the patents recited claims is the chelator (DOTA) is complexed with 161Tb radioisotope. Albert teaches chelated peptides, complexes thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula or a compound of formula complexed with a radionuclide and their use as radiopharmaceuticals PNG media_image2.png 228 480 media_image2.png Greyscale Albert discloses that the complexation with the radionuclide may be performed at room temperature in accordance with methods known in the art, e.g., by reacting an uncomplexed compound with a salt yielding the desired radionuclide (Col. 2 line 63+). The radionuclide includes α- or β- emitting nuclide e.g., 90Y, 140La, 161Tb, 169Er, 153Sm, 177Lu, 166Dy, 166Ho or 175Yb (Col. line 22-25). It would have been obvious to the person of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made to incorporate α- or β- emitting nuclide e.g., 90Y, 140La, 161Tb, 169Er, 153Sm, 177Lu, 166Dy, 166Ho or 175Yb into patents as taught by Albert. The person of ordinary skill in the art would have been motivated to make those modifications, because Albert teaches that compound of formula I, when complexed with a radionuclide, exhibit pharmaceutical activity and are therefore useful as a radiopharmaceutical for the in vivo treatment of tumors and metastases as indicated by standard tests (Col 3 line 15-20) and reasonably would have expected success because the compounds complexed with radionuclide have an antiproliferative effect on tumor cells bearing somatostatin receptors. NOTE: It possible to label DOTA peptide conjugates with radiometal ions such as 90Y, 140La, 161Tb, 169Er, 153Sm, 177Lu, 166Dy, 166Ho or 175Yb to high specific activity by optimizing the conditions such as pH, temperature, ligand to metal ratio and choice of buffer. Thus, ''Tb chelate as claimed are considered to be obvious variants of cited chelates because Albert teaches that complexation with a radionuclide, exhibit pharmaceutical activity and because Tb forms thermodynamically and kinetically stable associates with macrocyclic chelator. Accordingly, claims are over lapping in scope and are obvious variants of one another. “Factors that may be considered in determining level of ordinary skill in the art include: (1) the educational level of the inventor; (2) type of problems encountered in the art; (3) prior art solutions to those problems; (4) rapidity with which innovations are made; (5) sophistication of the technology; and (6) the education level of active workers in the field.” Envtl. Designs, Ltd. V. Union Oil Co., 713 F.2d 693, 696 (Fed. Cir. 1983) (citing Orthopedic Equip. Co. v. All Orthopedic Appliances, Inc., 707 F.3d 1376, 1381-82 (Fed. Cir. 1983)). The above factors are not exhaustive, but are a guide. /d. In this case, the education level of the inventor and the education level of active workers in the field of organic chemistry, as well as the high degree of sophistication required to solve problems encountered in the art, a person of ordinary skill in the art would likely have at least a college degree in the field of organic chemistry, with industry experience, i.e., a masters or doctorate level of skill and knowledge in the laboratory. Thus, the level of skill in the art is relatively high. “Structural similarity between claimed and prior art subject matter, proved by combining references or otherwise, where the prior art gives reason or motivation to make the claimed compositions, create a prima facie case of obviousness.” Takeda v. Alphapharm, 83 USPQ2d 1169 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (quoting /n re Dillon, 919 F.2d 688, 692 (Fed. Cir. 1990). “The ‘reason or motivation’ need not be an explicit teaching that the claimed compound will have a particular utility; it is sufficient to show that the claimed and prior art compounds possess a ‘sufficiently close relationship...to create an expectation,’ in light of the totality of the prior art, that the new compound will have ‘similar properties’ to the old.” Aventis v. Lupin, 84 USPQ2d 1197 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (citing Dillion, 919 F.2d 692). “Once such prima facie case is established, it falls to the applicant or patentee to rebut it, for example with a showing that the claimed compound has unexpected properties.” /d. MPEP 804 states : “where the claims of an application are not the “same” as those of the first patent, but the grant of a patent with the claims in the application would unjustly extend the rights granted by the first patent, a double patenting rejection under nonstatutory grounds is proper.” Although the conflicting claims are not identical, the Examiner finds that a person having ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the claimed invention would unjustly extend the rights granted to U.S. Patents, because a hypothetical infringer of U.S. Patent granted would necessarily be an infringer of the claimed invention. Accordingly, U.S. Patent No. 10,398,791, 10,471,160, 11,045,564, and 1,931,430 renders the instant claims obvious absent a showing of unpredictability or comparative evidence suggesting otherwise. Applicant arguments filed on 07/21/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicant argues that the present application has at all times recited compounds comprising 161Tb, a non-elected radionuclide from the original election requirement in parent application and is likewise within the safe harbor provision. This argument is not persuasive since 161Tb chelate as claimed is considered to be obvious variants of DOTA peptide conjugates with radiometal ions such as 90Y, 161Tb, 177Lu, to high specific activity by optimizing the conditions such as pH, temperature, ligand to metal ratio and choice of buffer. Thus, 161Tb,radiometal ion as clamed is obvious variant due to its unique optical and magnetic properties that are highly advantageous for biological and medical imaging. Conclusion No claims are allowed at this time. THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JAGADISHWAR RAO SAMALA whose telephone number is (571)272-9927. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 9am-6pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Hartley G Michael can be reached at 571 272 0616. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /J.R.S/Examiner, Art Unit 1618 /Michael G. Hartley/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 1618
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 13, 2024
Application Filed
Jul 13, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 17, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §DP
Jul 21, 2025
Response Filed
Nov 22, 2025
Final Rejection — §DP (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

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2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12576167
NOVEL GADOLINIUM-BASED COMPOUND, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND MRI CONTRAST AGENT CONTAINING SAME
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Patent 12576171
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2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
68%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+56.5%)
3y 1m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 784 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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