Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/444,604

FREQUENCY DIVERSITY IN SINGLE-CARRIER COMMUNICATIONS

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Feb 16, 2024
Examiner
COX, BRIAN P
Art Unit
2474
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
84%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
91%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 84% — above average
84%
Career Allow Rate
391 granted / 467 resolved
+25.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +7% lift
Without
With
+7.1%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
25 currently pending
Career history
492
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.5%
-36.5% vs TC avg
§103
63.2%
+23.2% vs TC avg
§102
19.3%
-20.7% vs TC avg
§112
9.2%
-30.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 467 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statements (IDS) submitted on 02/21/2024 and 11/15/2024 are in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statements are being considered by the examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-5 and 11-15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Bu et al. (WO 2007/081182 A1; cited in Applicant’s IDS submitted 02/21/2024; “Bu”). Regarding claim 1, Bu teaches a method comprising: transmitting a first time domain signal that is based on a first frequency domain signal, the first frequency domain signal resulting from conversion of a sequence of modulation symbols to frequency domain and comprising a plurality of frequency domain components [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. conversion into frequency domain) on the modulated symbols; p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: modulation symbols mapped to subcarriers (i.e. frequency domain components); p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission)]; and transmitting a second time domain signal that is based on a second frequency domain signal, the second frequency domain signal being consistent with a cyclic shift of the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal, wherein transmitting the first time domain signal and transmitting the second time domain signal comprise a transmission and a retransmission related to an input from which the sequence of modulation symbols is generated [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Regarding claim 2, Bu teaches the method of claim 1, further comprising: generating the first time domain signal by applying a transform to the first frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the first frequency domain signal; generating the second time domain signal by applying the transform to the second frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT (i.e. first transform) stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission); [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: retransmission of a cyclically shifted frequency domain signal (i.e. IFFT would be performed after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping from second time domain signal)]. Regarding claim 3, Bu teaches the method of claim 1, further comprising: applying a transform to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate the first frequency domain signal [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. transform) on the modulated symbols to generate a frequency domain signal]. Regarding claim 4, Bu teaches the method of claim 3, further comprising: applying the transform to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate a third frequency domain signal; applying the cyclic shift to frequency domain components of the third frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions (i.e. the second transmission associated with second frequency domain signal), the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (here, a retransmission would re-perform the steps of modulation and pre-FFT, i.e., modulation symbols are transformed into a “third” frequency domain signal and then shifted to achieve the “second” frequency domain signal used to derive the second time domain signal/retransmission)]. Regarding claim 5, Bu teaches the method of claim 1, further comprising: applying the cyclic shift to the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Regarding claim 11, Bu teaches the method comprising: receiving a first time domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows input of received signal into FFT stage (i.e. received signal is time domain signal) prior to inverse mapping and pre-IFFT] that is based on a first frequency domain signal, the first frequency domain signal resulting from conversion of a sequence of modulation symbols to frequency domain and comprising a plurality of frequency domain components [Bu p. 12, ll. 8-24, Fig. 6: at transmitter side, modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. conversion into frequency domain) on the modulated symbols; p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: modulation symbols mapped to subcarriers (i.e. frequency domain components)]; and receiving a second time domain signal that is based on a second frequency domain signal, the second frequency domain signal being consistent with a cyclic shift of the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal, wherein the first time domain signal and the second time domain signal are transmitted as a transmission and a retransmission related to an input from which the sequence of modulation symbols was generated [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Regarding claim 12, Bu teaches the method of claim 11, wherein the first time domain signal was generated by applying a transform to the first frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the first frequency domain signal, wherein the second time domain signal was generated by applying the transform to the second frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT (i.e. first transform) stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission); [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: retransmission of a cyclically shifted frequency domain signal (i.e. IFFT would be performed after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping from second time domain signal)]. Regarding claim 13, Bu teaches the method of claim 11, wherein a transform was applied to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate the first frequency domain signal [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. transform) on the modulated symbols to generate a frequency domain signal]. Regarding claim 14, Bu teaches the method of claim 13, wherein the transform was applied to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate a third frequency domain signal; wherein the cyclic shift was applied to frequency domain components of the third frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions (i.e. the second transmission associated with second frequency domain signal), the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (here, a retransmission would re-perform the steps of modulation and pre-FFT, i.e., modulation symbols are transformed into a “third” frequency domain signal and then shifted to achieve the “second” frequency domain signal used to derive the second time domain signal/retransmission)] Regarding claim 15, Bu teaches the method of claim 11, wherein the cyclic shift was applied to the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 6-10 and 16-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Bu in view of Gao (US 2019/0173703 A1; “Gao”). Regarding claim 6, Bu teaches an apparatus comprising: components to transmit a first time domain signal that is based on a first frequency domain signal, the first frequency domain signal resulting from conversion of a sequence of modulation symbols to frequency domain and comprising a plurality of frequency domain components [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. conversion into frequency domain) on the modulated symbols; p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: modulation symbols mapped to subcarriers (i.e. frequency domain components); p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission)]; and transmit a second time domain signal that is based on a second frequency domain signal, the second frequency domain signal being consistent with a cyclic shift of the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal, wherein transmitting the first time domain signal and transmitting the second time domain signal comprise a transmission and a retransmission related to an input from which the sequence of modulation symbols is generated [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. However, Bu does not explicitly disclose an SC-FDMA transmitter comprising a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, coupled to the processor, storing programming for execution by the processor, the programming including instructions to cause the apparatus to transmit and receive time domain signals. However, in a similar field of endeavor, Gao teaches an SC-FDMA transmitter comprising a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, coupled to the processor, storing programming for execution by the processor, the programming including instructions to cause the apparatus to transmit and receive time domain signals [Gao claim 43: a processor, a memory and a transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to read programs stored in the memory for transmission of cyclically shifted ACK/NACK data]. It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the method of using cyclically shifted resources for HARQ retransmission as taught by Bu, with the method of implementing sPUCCH HARQ transmissions through an SC-FDMA transceiver as taught by Gao. The motivation to combine these references would be to utilize SC-FDMA hardware to time delay in mobile communications [Gao ¶¶ 0003 & 0011]. Regarding claim 7, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 6, the programming further including instructions to cause the apparatus to: generate the first time domain signal by applying a transform to the first frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the first frequency domain signal; generate the second time domain signal by applying the transform to the second frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT (i.e. first transform) stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission); [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: retransmission of a cyclically shifted frequency domain signal (i.e. IFFT would be performed after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping from second time domain signal)]. Regarding claim 8, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 6, the programming further including instructions to cause the apparatus to: apply a transform to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate the first frequency domain signal [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. transform) on the modulated symbols to generate a frequency domain signal]. Regarding claim 9, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 8, the programming further including instructions to cause the apparatus to: apply the transform to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate a third frequency domain signal; apply the cyclic shift to frequency domain components of the third frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions (i.e. the second transmission associated with second frequency domain signal), the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (here, a retransmission would re-perform the steps of modulation and pre-FFT, i.e., modulation symbols are transformed into a “third” frequency domain signal and then shifted to achieve the “second” frequency domain signal used to derive the second time domain signal/retransmission)]. Regarding claim 10, Bu in view of Gao in view of Seki teaches the apparatus of claim 6, the programming further including instructions to cause the apparatus to: apply the cyclic shift to the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Regarding claim 16, Bu teaches an apparatus comprising: components to receive a first time domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows input of received signal into FFT stage (i.e. received signal is time domain signal) prior to inverse mapping and pre-IFFT] that is based on a first frequency domain signal, the first frequency domain signal resulting from conversion of a sequence of modulation symbols to frequency domain and comprising a plurality of frequency domain components [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. conversion into frequency domain) on the modulated symbols; p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: modulation symbols mapped to subcarriers (i.e. frequency domain components);; and receive a second time domain signal that is based on a second frequency domain signal, the second frequency domain signal being consistent with a cyclic shift of the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal, wherein the first time domain signal and the second time domain signal are transmitted as a transmission and a retransmission related to an input from which the sequence of modulation symbols was generated [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. However, Bu does not explicitly disclose an SC-FDMA transmitter comprising a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, coupled to the processor, storing programming for execution by the processor, the programming including instructions to cause the apparatus to transmit and receive time domain signals. However, in a similar field of endeavor, Gao teaches an SC-FDMA transmitter comprising a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, coupled to the processor, storing programming for execution by the processor, the programming including instructions to cause the apparatus to transmit and receive time domain signals [Gao claim 43: a processor, a memory and a transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to read programs stored in the memory for transmission of cyclically shifted ACK/NACK data]. It would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the method of using cyclically shifted resources for HARQ retransmission as taught by Bu, with the method of implementing sPUCCH HARQ transmissions through an SC-FDMA transceiver as taught by Gao. The motivation to combine these references would be to utilize SC-FDMA hardware to time delay in mobile communications [Gao ¶¶ 0003 & 0011]. Regarding claim 17, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first time domain signal was generated by applying a transform to the first frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the first frequency domain signal, wherein the second time domain signal was generated by applying the transform to the second frequency domain signal after resource mapping of the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 3, ll. 12-16, Fig. 2: shows IFFT (i.e. first transform) stage after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping (i.e. the IFFT stage transforms the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal for transmission); [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: retransmission of a cyclically shifted frequency domain signal (i.e. IFFT would be performed after pre-FFT and subcarrier mapping from second time domain signal)]. Regarding claim 18, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 16, wherein a transform was applied to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate the first frequency domain signal [Bu p. 12, ln. 25-p. 13, ln. 2, Fig. 7: modulation module outputs modulation symbols to Pre-FFT module, which performs FFT (i.e. transform) on the modulated symbols to generate a frequency domain signal]. Regarding claim 19, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 18, wherein the transform was applied to the sequence of modulation symbols to generate a third frequency domain signal, wherein the cyclic shift was applied to frequency domain components of the third frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions (i.e. the second transmission associated with second frequency domain signal), the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (here, a retransmission would re-perform the steps of modulation and pre-FFT, i.e., modulation symbols are transformed into a “third” frequency domain signal and then shifted to achieve the “second” frequency domain signal used to derive the second time domain signal/retransmission)]. Regarding claim 20, Bu in view of Gao teaches the apparatus of claim 16, wherein the cyclic shift was applied to the frequency domain components of the first frequency domain signal to generate the second frequency domain signal [Bu p. 13, ll. 20-32, Fig. 9: for HARQ retransmissions, the mapping relationship between modulation symbols and subcarriers of the initial transmission is gained by making a cyclic shift downward, e.g., of 20 sub-carriers (i.e. a second signal for retransmission is derived by cyclically shifting the initial frequency domain components/subcarriers)]. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to BRIAN P COX whose telephone number is (571)272-2728. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 8:00AM-4PM EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Michael Thier can be reached at 5712722832. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /BRIAN P COX/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2474
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 16, 2024
Application Filed
Mar 12, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
84%
Grant Probability
91%
With Interview (+7.1%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 467 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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