Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/454,823

HEAT SINK AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

Non-Final OA §102§103§112
Filed
Aug 24, 2023
Examiner
ARANT, HARRY E
Art Unit
3763
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Giga Computing Technology Co. Ltd.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
48%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 9m
To Grant
71%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 48% of resolved cases
48%
Career Allow Rate
274 granted / 569 resolved
-21.8% vs TC avg
Strong +22% interview lift
Without
With
+22.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
49 currently pending
Career history
618
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.1%
-39.9% vs TC avg
§103
55.0%
+15.0% vs TC avg
§102
26.2%
-13.8% vs TC avg
§112
17.3%
-22.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 569 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 7 and 14 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 7 and 14 recite “second guide” at the end, which lacks proper antecedent basis. For examining purposes the limitation will be interpreted as --second guide slope--. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-4 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Yang et al. (Chinese Patent Publication CN112161499A, “Yang”). Regarding claim 1, Yang discloses a heat sink (figs 1-5), adapted for dissipating heat from a heat source (page 1, lines 27-39), wherein the heat sink comprises: a heat dissipating plate (2), comprising an inlet region (see annotated fig 4 below), an outlet region (see annotated fig 4 below) and a vaporization region (see annotated fig 4 below), wherein the vaporization region is located between the inlet region and the outlet region, and the vaporization region is disposed corresponding to the heat source (page 1, lines 45-58); and a cover plate (1), covering the heat dissipating plate, wherein a space between the cover plate and the heat dissipating plate forms a channel with an inlet (11) and an outlet (12), wherein a cooling liquid flows into the channel from the inlet, the cooling liquid is heated and vaporized into gas when passing through the vaporization region, and the vaporized gas dissipates outside the channel through the outlet (page 1, lines 45-58). PNG media_image1.png 378 590 media_image1.png Greyscale Regarding claim 2, Yang further discloses wherein microstructures (222, page 1, lines 45-58) are disposed on a surface of the vaporization region of the heat dissipating plate (2). Regarding claim 3, Yang further discloses at least one heat dissipation fin group (222) disposed in the outlet region (see annotated fig 4 above). Regarding claim 4, Yang further discloses wherein heat dissipation fin groups (221, 222) are disposed in the inlet region and the outlet region (see annotated fig 4 above), and a distance (D1) between heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation fin group located in the inlet region is less than a distance (D3) between heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation fin group located in the outlet region. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 8-11 and 15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Yang alone. Regarding claim 8, Yang discloses a cooling system (figs 1-5), comprising: a heat sink, contacting a heat source to dissipate heat from the heat source (page 1, lines 27-39), wherein the heat sink comprises: a heat dissipating plate (2), comprising an inlet region (see annotated fig 4 below), an outlet region (see annotated fig 4 below) and a vaporization region (see annotated fig 4 below), wherein the vaporization region is located between the inlet region and the outlet region, and the vaporization region is disposed corresponding to the heat source (page 1, lines 45-58); and a cover plate (1), covering the heat dissipating plate, wherein a space between the cover plate and the heat dissipating plate forms a channel with an inlet (11) and an outlet (12), wherein a cooling liquid flows into the channel from the inlet, the cooling liquid is heated and vaporized into gas when passing through the vaporization region, and the vaporized gas dissipates outside the channel through the outlet (page 1, lines 45-58). Yang, does not explicitly disclose a circuit board with a heat source. However, the Examiner takes official Notice that it is old and well known in the art of micro-coolers to have heat sources with circuit boards and it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang to provide such a heat source. PNG media_image1.png 378 590 media_image1.png Greyscale Regarding claim 9, Yang further discloses wherein microstructures (222, page 1, lines 45-58) are disposed on a surface of the vaporization region of the heat dissipating plate (2). Regarding claim 10, Yang further discloses wherein the heat sink further comprises at least one heat dissipation fin group (222) disposed in the outlet region (see annotated fig 4 above). Regarding claim 11, Yang further discloses wherein heat dissipation fin groups (221, 222) are disposed in the inlet region and the outlet region (see annotated fig 4 above), and a distance (D1) between heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation fin group located in the inlet region is less than a distance (D3) between heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation fin group located in the outlet region. Regarding claim 15, Yang does not explicitly disclose wherein the heat source is a graphics processing unit (GPU) or a central processing unit (CPU). However, the Examiner takes official Notice that it is old and well known in the art of micro-coolers to have heat sources of GPUs or CPUs and it would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang to provide such a heat source. Claim(s) 5 and 12 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Yang as applied to claim 1 and 8 above, and further in view of Kulkarni et al. (U.S. Patent Publication No. 2019/0206764, “Kulkarni”). Regarding claim 5, Yang discloses all previous claim limitations. However, Yang does not explicitly disclose wherein a diameter of the inlet is less than a diameter of the outlet. Kulkarni, however, discloses a cooling system (fig 4) wherein a diameter of an inlet (262) is less than a diameter of an outlet (263). Kulkarni teaches that this facilitates one way flow by providing less flow resistance at the outlet (¶0055). It would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang to provide the outlet and inlet sizes of Kulkarni in order to facilitate one way flow. Regarding claim 12, Yang, as modified, discloses all previous claim limitations. However, Yang does not explicitly disclose wherein a diameter of the inlet is less than a diameter of the outlet. Kulkarni, however, discloses a cooling system (fig 4) wherein a diameter of an inlet (262) is less than a diameter of an outlet (263). Kulkarni teaches that this facilitates one way flow by providing less flow resistance at the outlet (¶0055). It would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang, as modified, to provide the outlet and inlet sizes of Kulkarni in order to facilitate one way flow. Claim(s) 6, 7, 13, and 14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Yang as applied to claims 1 and 8 above, and further in view of Nakao et al. (Japanese Patent Publication JP2004048489A, “Nakao”). Regarding claim 6, Yang discloses all previous claim limitations. However, Yang does not explicitly disclose wherein the vaporization region is not on the same level as at least one of the inlet region and the outlet region. Nakao, however, discloses a cooling system (fig 1) wherein a vaporization region is lower than condensing regions (see annotated fig 1 below). Nakao teaches that this configuration allows for liquid coolant to be biased to the vaporization region even when the system is tilted (¶0007-0008). It would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang to provide the lower vaporization level of Nakao in order to allow for better cooling efficiency when the system is tilted. PNG media_image2.png 374 797 media_image2.png Greyscale Regarding claim 7, the combination of Yang and Nakao discloses all previous claim limitations. Yang, as modified, further discloses wherein a first guide slope is disposed between the vaporization region and the inlet region, a second guide slope is disposed between the vaporization region and the outlet region, and an extension of the first guide slope intersects an extension of the second guide slope (see annotated fig 1 below of Nakao). PNG media_image3.png 374 866 media_image3.png Greyscale Regarding claim 13, Yang, as modified, discloses all previous claim limitations. However, Yang does not explicitly disclose wherein the vaporization region is not on the same level as at least one of the inlet region and the outlet region. Nakao, however, discloses a cooling system (fig 1) wherein a vaporization region is lower than condensing regions (see annotated fig 1 below). Nakao teaches that this configuration allows for liquid coolant to be biased to the vaporization region even when the system is tilted (¶0007-0008). It would have been obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention for Yang to provide the lower vaporization level of Nakao in order to allow for better cooling efficiency when the system is tilted. PNG media_image2.png 374 797 media_image2.png Greyscale Regarding claim 14, the combination of Yang and Nakao discloses all previous claim limitations. Yang, as modified, further discloses wherein a first guide slope is disposed between the vaporization region and the inlet region, a second guide slope is disposed between the vaporization region and the outlet region, and an extension of the first guide slope intersects an extension of the second guide slope (see annotated fig 1 below of Nakao). PNG media_image3.png 374 866 media_image3.png Greyscale Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to HARRY E ARANT whose telephone number is (571)272-1105. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 10-6 ET. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jianying Atkisson can be reached at (571)270-7740. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /HARRY E ARANT/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3763
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Aug 24, 2023
Application Filed
Dec 11, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
48%
Grant Probability
71%
With Interview (+22.4%)
3y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 569 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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