Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/467,755

VERTICAL ANTIFUSE

Non-Final OA §103§112
Filed
Sep 15, 2023
Examiner
AMER, MOUNIR S
Art Unit
2818
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
International Business Machines Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
88%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 2m
To Grant
97%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 88% — above average
88%
Career Allow Rate
531 granted / 602 resolved
+20.2% vs TC avg
Moderate +9% lift
Without
With
+8.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 2m
Avg Prosecution
24 currently pending
Career history
626
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
55.1%
+15.1% vs TC avg
§102
24.4%
-15.6% vs TC avg
§112
8.2%
-31.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 602 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Status of the Application This Office Action is in response to Applicant’s application 18/467,755 filed on September 15, 2023 in which claims 1 to 20 are pending. Drawings The drawings submitted on September 15 2023 have been reviewed and accepted by the Examiner. Information Disclosure Statement The Information Disclosure Statement (IDS), filed on September 15, 2023 is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosed therein has been considered by the Examiner. Notation References to patents will be in the form of (C: L) where C is the column number and L is the line number. References to pre-grant patent publications will be to the paragraph number in the form of (¶ XXXX). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 Claims 4 and 11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), first paragraph, as failing to comply with the written description requirement. The claim(s) contains subject matter which was not described in the specification in such a way as to reasonably convey to one skilled in the relevant art that the inventor or a joint inventor, or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the inventor(s), at the time the application was filed, had possession of the claimed invention. The following limitation the metal sidewall spacer surrounds the dielectric pedestal on all sides is not described in the specification or drawing. Figure 4 and paragraph 0058 describes the method of forming metal spacers (118) and in the method of making the metal spacers surrounds the side surfaces of the dielectric pedestal (110) and the not all the sides as claimed. The limitations all sides should be amended to include only side surface because the broadest reason of interpretation of all sides includes top surface and bottom surface. Therefore, to avoid any 112 issues the following limitation “all sides” should be defined as side surfaces that don’t include the bottom and top surface. The office interprets the following limitation as side surfaces on the side of the bottom and top surface of the dielectric pedestal. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries set forth in Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 148 USPQ 459 (1966), that are applied for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claims 1-5 and 8-12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Fox, III (US 2019/0006234 A1; hereinafter “Fox”) in view of Yang et al. (US 2021/0233843 A1; hereinafter “Yang”). Regarding claim 1, Fox teaches in figure 5 and related text e.g. a vertical antifuse structure comprising: a metal sidewall spacer (20; Fig.5; ¶ 0009) arranged on a vertical sidewall of a dielectric pedestal (18; Fig.5); Fox does not teach a fuse dielectric layer on top of the dielectric pedestal; and a conductive element on top of the fuse dielectric layer and directly above the metal sidewall spacer. However, Yang teaches a fuse dielectric layer (12; Fig.9; ¶ 0023) on top of the dielectric pedestal (14; Fig.9; ¶ 0026); and a conductive element (10, Fig.9; ¶ 0020)) on top of the fuse dielectric layer (10) and directly above the metal sidewall spacer (18L and 16L; the office treats 18L and 16L as one metal spacer). (Office note: the direction of Figure 9 is used upside down. The figures in the prior art record can be used in any direction as X-axis and Y-axis can rotate). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filling date of the invention, to have a fuse dielectric layer on top of the dielectric pedestal; and a conductive element on top of the fuse dielectric layer and directly above the metal sidewall spacer in the device of Fox as taught by Yang for the purpose of having enhanced programming efficiency and highly reliable connection (¶ 0004). Regarding claim 2, Fox as modified by Yang teaches a conductive line (26; Fig.9; ¶ 0041; 24 can be omitted at ¶ 0048) immediately below and directly contacting a bottommost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (18 can be in direct contact with 26; ¶ 0048). Regarding claim 3, Fox as modified by Yang teaches wherein an entirety of a bottommost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (the bottom surface of 18) directly contacts a topmost surface of the conductive line (direct contacts the upper surface of 26). Regarding claim 4, Fox teaches wherein the metal sidewall spacer (20; Fig.4; ¶ 0009) surrounds the dielectric pedestal on all sides Regarding claim 5, Fox as modified by Young teaches a vertical distance between a topmost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (Young; 16L; Fig.10) and a bottommost surface of the conductive element (10) is equal to a thickness of the fuse dielectric layer (12). Regarding claim 8, Fox teaches in figure 5 and related text e.g. a vertical antifuse structure comprising: a metal sidewall spacer (20; Fig.5; ¶ 0009) arranged on a vertical sidewall of a dielectric pedestal (18; Fig.5); Fox does not teach a conductive element directly above the metal sidewall spacer; and a fuse dielectric layer between and separating the metal sidewall spacer from the conductive element. However, Yang teaches a conductive element (10, Fig.9; ¶ 0020)) directly above the metal sidewall spacer (18L and 16L; the office treats 18L and 16L as one metal spacer) and a fuse dielectric layer (12; Fig.9; ¶ 0023) between and separating the metal sidewall spacer (18 L and 16L) from the conductive element (10). (Office note: the direction of Figure 9 is used upside down. The figures in the prior art record can be used in any direction as X-axis and Y-axis can rotate). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filling date of the invention, to have a fuse dielectric layer on top of the dielectric pedestal; and a conductive element on top of the fuse dielectric layer and directly above the metal sidewall spacer in the device of Fox as taught by Yang for the purpose of having enhanced programming efficiency and highly reliable connection (¶ 0004). Regarding claim 9, Fox as modified by Yang teaches a conductive line (26; Fig.9; ¶ 0041; 24 can be omitted at ¶ 0048) immediately below and directly contacting a bottommost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (18 can be in direct contact with 26; ¶ 0048). Regarding claim 10, Fox as modified by Yang teaches wherein an entirety of a bottommost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (the bottom surface of 18) directly contacts a topmost surface of the conductive line (direct contacts the upper surface of 26). Regarding claim 11, Fox teaches wherein the metal sidewall spacer (20; Fig.4; ¶ 0009) surrounds the dielectric pedestal on all sides. Regarding claim 12, Fox as modified by Young teaches a vertical distance between a topmost surface of the metal sidewall spacer (Young; 16L; Fig.10) and a bottommost surface of the conductive element (10) is equal to a thickness of the fuse dielectric layer (12). Allowable Subject Matter Claims 15-20 are allowed. Claims 6, 7, 13, and 14 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claim 6 is objected to since the prior art does not teach “…wherein the conductive element further comprises another metal sidewall spacer surrounding another dielectric pedestal, wherein a topmost surface of the fuse dielectric layer directly contacts a bottommost surface of the another metal sidewall spacer.” Claim 7 is objected to since the prior art does not teach “a conductive link in direct contact with and extending between a topmost surface of the metal sidewall spacer and a bottommost surface of the conductive element through the fuse dielectric layer.” Claim 15 is allowed since the prior art does not teach the following limitations: “…second conductive element directly above the second metal sidewall spacer; and a fuse dielectric layer, the fuse dielectric layer arranged between and separating the first metal sidewall spacer from the first conductive element, and the fuse dielectric layer arranged between and separating the second metal sidewall spacer from the second conductive element.” The closest prior art reference Wang et al. (US 2008/ 012138 A1) teaches a vertical antifuse structure comprising: a first metal sidewall spacer (102; Fig.9; ¶ 0025) disposed on a vertical sidewall of a first dielectric pedestal (22; Fig.9; ¶ 0025); a first conductive element (142; Fig.9; ¶ 0036) directly above the first metal sidewall spacer (102); a second metal (202) sidewall spacer disposed on a vertical sidewall of a second dielectric pedestal (22; Fig.9). Wang explicitly teaches the fuse dielectric layer (134; Fig.9) formed in one device (150) and does not teach a fuse dielectric layer formed in the second device (200). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Mounir S Amer whose telephone number is (571)270-3683. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 9:00-5:30. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Eva Montalvo can be reached at (571) 270-3829. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /Mounir S Amer/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2818
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 15, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 20, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
88%
Grant Probability
97%
With Interview (+8.6%)
2y 2m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 602 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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