Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/476,791

AXLE ASSEMBLY FOR AN ELECTRIC WORK VEHICLE

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Sep 28, 2023
Examiner
PHAN, HAU VAN
Art Unit
3615
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Cnh Industrial America LLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
80%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 4m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 80% — above average
80%
Career Allow Rate
1201 granted / 1492 resolved
+28.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +14% lift
Without
With
+13.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 4m
Avg Prosecution
9 currently pending
Career history
1501
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.1%
-39.9% vs TC avg
§103
37.2%
-2.8% vs TC avg
§102
33.8%
-6.2% vs TC avg
§112
21.7%
-18.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1492 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on 10/12/2023. The submission is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-6, 8, 12-16, 18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a) as being anticipated by Laforce et al. (11,220,150). Regarding claims 1 and 12, Laforce et al. (11,220,150) in figures 1-7, disclose an axle assembly a frame (510), which can be used for an electric work vehicle. The axle assembly comprises an electric drive system (100) including an electric motor (106) configured to generate rotational energy, a first axle hub (136) configured to be rotationally driven by the electric motor, a first axle shaft (112) including a first end and a second end. The first end of the first axle shaft coupled to the electric motor such that the first axle shaft transmits a first portion of the rotational energy generated by the electric motor to the first axle hub. Laforce et al. also disclose a first gear train (406) coupled between the second end of the first axle shaft and the first axle hub. The first gear train configured to increase a torque of the first portion of the rotational energy transmitted by the first axle shaft to the first axle hub (col.5, lines 52-65). Laforce et al. also disclose a second axle hub (138) configured to be rotationally driven by the electric motor, a second axle shaft (114) including a first end and a second end. The first end of the second axle shaft coupled to the electric motor such that the second axle shaft transmits a second portion of the rotational energy generated by the electric motor to second axle hub. Laforce et al. also disclose a second gear train (410) coupled between the second end of the second axle shaft and the second axle hub, the second gear train configured to increase a torque of the second portion of the rotational energy transmitted by the second axle shaft to the second axle hub (col. 5-6). Regarding claims 2, Laforce et al. in figure 7A, disclose a frame or the frame (510) of the electric work vehicle, which is supported on the first and second axle hubs. Regarding claims 3, 14, Laforce et al. in figure 6-7A, disclose the frame of the electric work vehicle, which is unsupported on the first and second axle shafts. Regarding claim 4, 15, Laforce et al. in figures 1-5, disclose the axle assembly extending along a longitudinal direction from the first axle hub to the second axle hub; and the first and second gear trains are positioned closer to the first and second axle hubs than to the electric drive system along the longitudinal direction, respectively. Regarding claim 5, 16, Laforce et al. in figures 1-5, disclose the first end of the first axle shaft, which is coupled to a first side of the electric drive system and the first end of the second axle shaft is coupled to a second side of the electric drive system. Regarding claim 6, Laforce et al. in figures 1-5, disclose the axle assembly extending along a lateral direction from a forward end of the axle assembly to an aft end of the axle assembly; and the electric drive system is at least partially aligned with the first and second axle shafts in the lateral direction. Regarding claims 8, 18, Laforce et al. in figures 3, 7, disclose a housing in which the electric motor, the first axle shaft, the first gear train, the second axle shaft, and the second gear train are positioned. Regarding claim 12, Laforce et al. in figure 7, disclose the first axle shaft comprises a first flexible member (not number) and the second axle shaft comprises a second flexible member (not number). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 7, 17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Laforce et al. as applied to claims 1, 12 above, and further in view of Nishida (9,764,644). Regarding claim 7, Laforce et al. in figure 7, disclose the electric drive system further including a gearbox (a first gear assembly 108 should be in a gear housing or a gearbox), but fail to show an inverter. Nishida (9,764,644) in figures 1-6, disclose a vehicle comprising an inverter (105). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention to modify Laforce et al. by further comprising the inverter disclosed by Nishida in order to convert the power from DC to AC. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 9-11, 19-20 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: The prior art of record don’t disclose the axle assembly comprising a first gear train comprising an input gear coupled to the first axle shaft, an output gear coupled to the first axle hub, and an intermediate gear. The axle assembly also comprises a second gear train comprises an input gear coupled to the second axle shaft, an output gear coupled to the second axle hub, and an intermediate gear. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to HAU VAN PHAN whose telephone number is (571)272-6696. The examiner can normally be reached Monday to Friday 8:00 to 4:00 PST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Marc Jimenez can be reached at 571-272-4530. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /HAU V PHAN/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3615
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 28, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 09, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
80%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+13.6%)
2y 4m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1492 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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