Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/485,815

TRIANGULAR INTER-USER EQUIPMENT COORDINATION FOR NEW RADIO SIDELINK COMMUNICATIONS

Final Rejection §102§103
Filed
Oct 12, 2023
Examiner
BROCKMAN, ANGEL T
Art Unit
2412
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
OA Round
2 (Final)
82%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 82% — above average
82%
Career Allow Rate
593 granted / 726 resolved
+23.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +6% lift
Without
With
+6.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
18 currently pending
Career history
744
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
7.3%
-32.7% vs TC avg
§103
53.5%
+13.5% vs TC avg
§102
22.9%
-17.1% vs TC avg
§112
4.7%
-35.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 726 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Amendment Claims 1-6 and 8-12 were formerly rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a) (1). Pursuant to applicant’s amendments, these rejections have been maintained. Claims 13-18 and 20 were formerly rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a) (1). Pursuant to applicant’s amendments, these rejections have been withdrawn. Claims 7 and 19 were formerly rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 (a). Pursuant to applicant’s amendments, these rejections have been withdrawn. . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-6 and 8-12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(A)(1) as being anticipated by Kolev et al. (US 11,343,195 B1, hereinafter Kolev). Regarding claim 1, Kolev discloses an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a first device (figure 1, 130 A includes the apparatus that receives), a request of inter-user equipment coordination; determine at least one second device to which to forward the request; and modify the request and forward the modified request to the at least one second device for the second device to provide a response to the request to the first device, the request being modified by an indication related to the forwarding to the at least one second device (column 8, lines 30 -35, wherein the routing device 130A modifies the request). Regarding claim 2, Kolev discloses wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: determine an inability of the apparatus to provide a response to the first device that responds to the request (column 8, lines 18-25, wherein the latency workload etc include the inability of the apparatus to provide a response). Regarding claim 3, Kolev discloses wherein: the request from the first device includes a latency period during which the first device requests to receive a response to the request; and the determined inability is a temporary inability to provide the response to the request to satisfy the latency period included in the request from the first device (column 8, lines 18-25, wherein the latency workload etc include the inability of the apparatus to provide a response). Regarding claim 4, Kolev discloses , The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the determined inability is a permanent inability to provide the response to the request (column 8, lines 18- 29 wherein the other criteria include the permanent inability) Regarding claim 5, Kolev discloses, wherein determining the at least one second device is based on at least one of the following: a distance between the apparatus and the at least one second device; a mobility of the apparatus relative to the at least one second device; one or more capabilities of the at least one second device ; a type of the at least one second device; a similarity in an interference situation of the apparatus and the at least one second device; a communication state between the apparatus and the at least one second device; explicit consent from the at least one second device to receive requests from the apparatus; or an explicit recommendation of the at least one second device to the apparatus from another device (column 8, lines 18-30). Regarding claim 6, Kolev discloses wherein the indication comprises one or more of the following: transmission information indicating identifiers of the apparatus and the first device (Column 8, lines 54-60); information indicating the inability of the apparatus to provide the response to the request from the first device; or information indicating that the modified request was forwarded from the apparatus to the at least one second device (column 8, lines 15-30). Regarding claim 8, Kolev discloses an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: provide, to a first device, a request of inter-user equipment coordination (figure 1, 130 a), the request comprising a latency period; and receive, from a second device, a response to the request, the response comprising transmission parameters associated with the first device (column 8, lines 15-30). Regarding claim 9, Kolev discloses, wherein the response from the second device comprises information requested from the first device in the request (column 8, lines 15-30). Regarding claim 10, Kolev discloses the latency period is a time period in which the apparatus requests to receive the response to the request; and the first device is determined to have a temporary inability to provide the response to the request to satisfy the latency period included in the request (column 8, lines 15-30). Regarding claim 11, Kolev discloses the latency period is a time period in which the apparatus requests to receive the response to the request; and the first device is determined to have a permanent inability to provide the response to the request (column 8, lines 15-30 ). Regarding claim 12, Kolev discloses wherein the at least one second device satisfies at least one criteria of: a distance between the first device and the second device; a mobility of the first device relative to the second device;one or more capabilities of the second device; a type of the second device; a similarity in an interference situation of the first device and the second device; a communication state between the first device and the second device; explicit consent from the second device to receive requests from the first device; or an explicit recommendation of the second device to the first device from the apparatus (column 8, lines 15-30 ). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. 2. Claim 7 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kolev in view of Rico Alvarino et al. (US 11,791,943 B2, hereinafter Rico). Regarding claims 7 , Kolev discloses, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: determine to change or modify a request (column 8, lines 15-25). Kolev does not disclose a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device (column 6, lines 5-20). Thus, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the invention to make the proposed modification of the multicast/unicast switching as disclosed by Rico along with the modification of Kolev to provide load balancing in a system that may benefit from different transmission (column 6 lines 5-20, Rico). Claims 13-15, 16-18, and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kolev in view of Jiang et al. (US 2013/0097335 A1, hereinafter Jiang). Regarding claim 13 Kolev discloses an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive, from a first device, a forwarded request of inter-user equipment coordination (figure 1, 30 A), the request comprising an indication associated with the first device and a second device, which previously provided an initial request by a transmission to the first device, the forwarded request comprising the initial request; and provide, to the second device, a response to the forwarded request using transmission parameters associated with the transmission from the second device to the first device (column 8, lines 15-30 ). Kolev does not disclose receive from a first device a forwarded request of inter-user equipment coordination. Jiang discloses receive from a first device a forwarded request of inter-user equipment coordination(¶[0109], ¶[0071]). Thus, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the invention to utilize the forwarded inter-user equipment coordination as disclosed by Jiang to provide a response to the initial request to the second device . Regarding claim 14, Kolev discloses wherein the forwarded request comprises an indication of an inability of the first device to provide a response to the initial request to the second device (column 8, lines 15-30 ). Regarding claim 15, Kolev discloses the forwarded request comprises a latency period during which the second device requests to receive a response to the initial request; and the inability is a temporary inability to provide the response to the initial request to satisfy the latency period included in the initial request (column 8, lines 15-30). Regarding claim 16, Kolev discloses, wherein the determined inability is a permanent inability to provide the response to the initial request (column 8, lines 18-25, wherein the latency workload etc include the inability of the apparatus to provide a response). Regarding claim 17, Kolev discloses , wherein the indication further comprises one or more of the following:transmission information indicating identifiers of the apparatus and the first device; or information indicating that the modified request was forwarded from the apparatus to the at least one second device (column 8, lines 18-30). Regarding claim 18, Kolev discloses wherein the apparatus satisfies a criteria relative to the first device of at least one of the following: a distance between the apparatus and the first device; a mobility of the apparatus relative to first device; one or more capabilities of the apparatus; a type of the apparatus; a similarity in an interference situation of the apparatus and the first device; a communication state between the apparatus and the first device; explicit consent from the apparatus to receive requests from the first device; or an explicit recommendation of the apparatus from the second device (column 8, lines 18-30). Regarding claim 20, Kolev discloses wherein the response to the forwarded request is provided by transmitting, by the apparatus to the second device, the response to the forwarded request (figure 1, column 8, lines 15-30). 2. Claim 19 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kolev in view of Rico Alvarino et al. (US 11,791,943 B2, hereinafter Rico). Regarding claim 19 , Kolev discloses, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus at least to: determine to change or modify a request (column 8, lines 15-25). Kolev and Jiang do not disclose a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device. Rico discloses a cast transmission type of the request to be forwarded, the cast transmission type comprising one of unicast, groupcast, or broadcast, wherein the forwarding of the modified request uses the changed cast transmission type, which is different than the cast transmission type used to transmit the request from the first device (column 6, lines 5-20). Thus, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art prior to the effective filing date of the invention to make the proposed modification of the multicast/unicast switching as disclosed by Rico along with the modification of Kolev and Jiang to provide load balancing in a system that may benefit from different transmission (column 6 lines 5-20, Rico). Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ANGEL T BROCKMAN whose telephone number is (571)270-5664. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Thursday 6:00AM-4:30 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner's supervisor, Charles Jiang can be reached at 571-270-7191. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ANGEL T BROCKMAN/Examiner, Art Unit 2412
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Prosecution Timeline

Oct 12, 2023
Application Filed
Nov 29, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jan 15, 2026
Response Filed
Mar 31, 2026
Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
82%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+6.5%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 726 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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